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![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 62.—Mycosp/iaere/la sentina. i, pear leaf attacked b)' fungus, nat. size; 2, conidia of Septoria form ; 3, ascus and free spores of ascigerous form. 2 and 3 highly mag. proved by Klebahn to be the conidial condition of the asci- gerous fungus, Mycosphaerella sentina (Schroter). The injury is undoubtedly caused by the conidial form of the fungus, the ascigerous condition developing only on dead leaves that have been lying on the ground throughout the winter. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HK61/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-fig-62mycospiaerela-sentina-i-pear-leaf-attacked-b-fungus-nat-size-2-conidia-of-septoria-form-3-ascus-and-free-spores-of-ascigerous-form-2-and-3-highly-mag-proved-by-klebahn-to-be-the-conidial-condition-of-the-asci-gerous-fungus-mycosphaerella-sentina-schroter-the-injury-is-undoubtedly-caused-by-the-conidial-form-of-the-fungus-the-ascigerous-condition-developing-only-on-dead-leaves-that-have-been-lying-on-the-ground-throughout-the-winter-T1HK61.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 62.—Mycosp/iaere/la sentina. i, pear leaf attacked b)' fungus, nat. size; 2, conidia of Septoria form ; 3, ascus and free spores of ascigerous form. 2 and 3 highly mag. proved by Klebahn to be the conidial condition of the asci- gerous fungus, Mycosphaerella sentina (Schroter). The injury is undoubtedly caused by the conidial form of the fungus, the ascigerous condition developing only on dead leaves that have been lying on the ground throughout the winter. Stock Photo")
RMT1HK61–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 62.—Mycosp/iaere/la sentina. i, pear leaf attacked b)' fungus, nat. size; 2, conidia of Septoria form ; 3, ascus and free spores of ascigerous form. 2 and 3 highly mag. proved by Klebahn to be the conidial condition of the asci- gerous fungus, Mycosphaerella sentina (Schroter). The injury is undoubtedly caused by the conidial form of the fungus, the ascigerous condition developing only on dead leaves that have been lying on the ground throughout the winter.
RM2ANC1H5–A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . of the cup is covered denselywith long white hairs forming a fringe at the margin.The spores are clear and elliptic 20 by 11//. The-Sclerotinia fringc-cup fungus grows on decaying twigs fromspring to autumn. Sclerotinia is the most impor-tant genus economically. It includes about fortyspecies. The apothecium arises from a sclerotium. Sclerotinia haccarumforms sclerotia in the fruits of Vaccinium myrtiUus; S. urnula (Fig. 71)in those of Vaccinium vitis-idcea. Sclerotinia Fuckeliana forms sclerotiaon the grape-vine. Its conidial form was long known a
RMPG3XYB–. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. STRAWBERRY DISEASES 423 amass themselves beneath the cuticle of either surface of the leaf, and from these masses conidiophores bearing conidia arise. These spores develop, are scattered and produce in- fections through- out the summer; with the advent of winter conidial formation ceases, but the mycelium remains alive in the leaves until the following spring. At this time a new crop of conidia develop, which begin the cycle anew by in- fecting again the strawberry plants. Should any of these spores per- chance fall on the common cinquefoil, the disease woul
RMMCK53M–. Fig. 306.—Monitia fruclkjena. A, Apple showing the grey conidial patches as more or less concentric lines. B, Young Peach, slirivelled up in consequence of attack, (v. Tubeuf del.) next spring, when the fruit is again moist, further conidia are given off'. Infection takes place by wounds or even through the epidermis of young leaves and blossoms. The conidia have
RMT1HEE3–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 CYSTOPUS. 125 Besides conidia, spherical oospores may also be present ; these are generally produced on the stems of the host-plant, but also on Hower-stalks and ovary-walls. The spherical conidia arise in simple chains on short coni- diophores, and are loosely connected by tiny intermediate cells. The conidial cushions rupture the epidermis and the ripe conidia fall oft' to produce biciliate swarming
RM2AJ5GNH–Fungous diseases of plants . SPORIUM: OTHER SPECIES Cladosporium Cucumerinum Ell. and Arth. This fungus, likemany other species of the genus, is occasionally parasitic. It occurs upon melons, producingsunken spots on the fruit,and sometimes on thestems. This trouble is ap-parent, as a rule, only dur-ing very moist weather,and under such circum-stances the conidial stageof the fungus is developedabundantly over the af-fected areas, which ap-pear olivaceous in color (Fig- 135). Cladosporium fulvumCke. Leaf mold of tomato. This fungus is commonduring moist weather, pro-ducing on tomatoes a leafbl
RMPG3TAC–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. PESTALOZZINA. 495 Pestalozzina Soraueriana Sacc.^ occurs on foxtail grass {Alopecurus pratensis). The conidial tufts develop on spots which appear on the gradually withering leaves. The hristle-appendages on the terminal cell of the conidia are lateral, only one being terminal. This disease was first observed by Weinzierl at Vienna, ^¥^^l/. ' '^. '. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page i
RMMCK675–. Fig. 306.—Monilia fructigena. A, Apple showing the grey conidial patches as more or less concentric lines. B, Young Peach, shrivelled up in consequence of attack, (v. Tubeuf del.) next spring, when the fruit is again moist, further conidia are given off. Infection takes place by wounds or even through the epidermis of young leaves and blossoms. The conidia have
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 43.—Eutypellii prunastri. i, portion of stem of young plum-tree show- ing conidial stage of fungus ; 2, portion showing a.scigcrous stage on the dead bark. especially when the soil is inclined to be stiff. Under such circumstances numerous large lenticels are formed on the stem, and I have found by experiment that if spores of the conidial condition of the fungus are applied to such lenticels during damp weather infection follows. To guard against infection from air-borne s Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HGXP/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-fig-43eutypellii-prunastri-i-portion-of-stem-of-young-plum-tree-show-ing-conidial-stage-of-fungus-2-portion-showing-ascigcrous-stage-on-the-dead-bark-especially-when-the-soil-is-inclined-to-be-stiff-under-such-circumstances-numerous-large-lenticels-are-formed-on-the-stem-and-i-have-found-by-experiment-that-if-spores-of-the-conidial-condition-of-the-fungus-are-applied-to-such-lenticels-during-damp-weather-infection-follows-to-guard-against-infection-from-air-borne-s-T1HGXP.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 43.—Eutypellii prunastri. i, portion of stem of young plum-tree show- ing conidial stage of fungus ; 2, portion showing a.scigcrous stage on the dead bark. especially when the soil is inclined to be stiff. Under such circumstances numerous large lenticels are formed on the stem, and I have found by experiment that if spores of the conidial condition of the fungus are applied to such lenticels during damp weather infection follows. To guard against infection from air-borne s Stock Photo")
RMT1HGXP–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 43.—Eutypellii prunastri. i, portion of stem of young plum-tree show- ing conidial stage of fungus ; 2, portion showing a.scigcrous stage on the dead bark. especially when the soil is inclined to be stiff. Under such circumstances numerous large lenticels are formed on the stem, and I have found by experiment that if spores of the conidial condition of the fungus are applied to such lenticels during damp weather infection follows. To guard against infection from air-borne s
RM2AN3G92–Fungi, Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales . The species grouped under Fusicladium amongthe I lyphomycetes are in some cases conidial forms of this genus. Theconidia are two-celled, borne on short conidiophores arranged in groups;/-. dendriticum is the cause of scab or black-spot on apples, and /?. Pyrinumof a similar disease on pears. 11 l62 PYRENOMYCETES [CH. Leptospliaeria includes some 500 species characterized by the papillateor conical ostiole, usually free from hairs. The majority are saprophytes onplant remains, some are parasites on land plants, and some on the RedAlgae. L. Lemanea
RMPG0R5P–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. CYSTOPUS. 125 Besides conidia, spherical oospores may also be present; these are generally produced on the stems of the host-plant, but also on flower-stalks and ovary-walls. The spherical conidia arise in simple chains on short coni- diophores, and are loosely connected by tiny intermediate cells. The conidial cushions rupture the epidermis and the ripe conidia fall off to produce biciliate swarming cells (Fig. 34)
RMMCPECJ–. Fig. 56.- â Gnomonia veneta. 1, a diseased plane leaf, soniowliat reduced ; 2, conidia, highly mag. along the course of the veins on the under surface of the leaf. This disease was considered to be due entirely to Gloeo- sporium tiervisequum (Sacc). Klebahn, however, has recently worked out the life-history of the fungus, and shows that the Gloeosporiian is but a conidial form oi an ascigerous fungus
RMT1GY7T–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 [85 Nectria. Perithecia yellow or red in colour, and generally produced in close tufts on stroniata of the same colour. The asci con- tain eight bicellular spores and few or no paraphyses. Conidia of various kinds and shapes are also produced. Nectrina cinnabarina Fr. (Britain and 1.8. America). The bright-nnl, button-sliaped conidial cushions of this iuugus may
RM2AJ63MF–Fungous diseases of plants . first connected this conidial stage with an apothecialform, Sclerotinia Fnckeliana, produced from sclerotia of the Bo-trytis on grape. Subsequently doubt arose regarding this connec-tion, since many observers failed repeatedly to secure under any 1 Ward, H. Marshall. Ann. Bot. 2 : 319-382. ph. 20-24. 1888. 198 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS conditions the perfect form from sclerotia of the Botrytis. It wouldseem that Istvanffi has now secured substantial proof that theseare pleomorphic stages of a single fungus. Much interesting biological work has been done upon thisf
RMPG3YJM–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 245 The fungus. The fungus shows an interesting polymorphism, first producing a conidial stage upon the ovule sac, later the sclerotial or true ergot stage in place of the grain, and finally completing its life cycle by developing special sporophores from this sclerotium after a long period of rest has been undergone. The fungus is supposed to gain entrance to the host at the base of the ovule sac or carpel, penetrating the latter and developing through it or over it as
RMMCK6BB–. Fio. 111.âAglaospora taleola. Portion of cortex with embedded stromata. (!, Corky layer; 6, after removal of corky laver; c, section of stroma. ( x ^.) (After Hartig.) â j^^^^^^ Fio. 112.âSection of stroma of Aglaospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - mycelium; 0, scleronchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cusljion ; d, union of necks of two perithecia. (After Hartig.)
RMT1GY4K–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 NECTRIA, 185 Nectria. Perithecia yellow or red iu colour, and generally produced in close tufts on stromata of the same colour. The asci con- tain eight bicellular spores and few or no paraphyses. Conidia of various kinds and shapes are also produced. Nectrina cinnabarina Fr. (Britain and U.S. America). The Jbrighc-red, button-shaped conidial cushions of this fungus may
RM2AKR3E2–Annual report of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station . hefungus in the direction of lessened perithecia production, it might be possible toproduce a strain which would not produce perithecia at all. To test these two points, transfers to new media were made from the orig-inal colony (generation No. 1) in three ways: 1. Bits of mycelium bearing no conidia were transferred from the extremeedge of the colony. 2. Conidia were transferred by adding a drop of water to a conidial region,then with platinum loop transferring an oese of this water to new media. 3. Ascosporic transfers wer
RMPG3YKN–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 99. Neocosmospora vasinfecta. (c after Erw. F. Smith) a, the fungus in xylem of stem; b and c, conidial stages from cultures and hence through the root system. This is believed to be the sole method of infection with the form on cotton and cowpea. It is also believed that healthy plants are directly affected with- out the assistance of any other organism or mechanical effect causing an injury through which the fungus might obtain access. The mycelium of the plant is at first f
RMMCK5H4–. Fig. 102.—Sphaerella lancina. Section throngli a diseased spot on a larch needle. The interior of the leaf is permeated with the intercellular mycelium. Two conidial cushions are shown ; from these numerous long rod-shaped conidia are given off externally (those of the upper cushion have nearly all been carried oflf by rain), while cavities inside the cushions are filled with micro-conidia. X ^^. (After R. Hartig.) appear. Their distribution and germination are facilitated by wet weather. The perithecia (Fig. 104) are matured towards
RMT1JJ59–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 PESTALOZZINA. 495 Pestalozzina Soraueriana Sacc. occurs on foxtail grass {Alopecurus pratcnds). The conidial tufts develop on spots which appear on the gradually withering leaves. The bristle-appendages on the terminal cell of the conidia are lateral, only one being terminal. This disease was first observed by Weinzierl at Vienna, Fig. 305.—Sfptogloeum Bartif/kmum on Acer carivptstre. The dead twig
RM2ANDK0G–Moulds, mildews, and mushrooms; a guide to the systematic study of the Fungi and Mycetozoa and their literature . THC HEUOTYPE PRINTING CO., BOSTON. Pl. 4.. THL HELIOTYPE PRINTING CO., BOSTON. EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV ASCOMYCETES Fig. I, Yeast cells of Saccharoniyces cerevisiae ( Saccharomycetales )normally budding. X 550. (Redrawn from Reess.) Fig. 2. Penicilliiim crustaceiim (Aspergillales). Conidial stageseen in ordinary green mould. X 160. (Redrawn from Brefeld.) Fig. 3. Fenicillii/ni crustaceiivi (Aspergillales). Ascosporic stage,the asci produced in skeins. X 500. (Redrawn from Brefeld.)
RMPG42KC–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. UNCINULA. 177 appendages having hooked tips. Within the peritheeia are found the ovoid asci containing the spores; there are from four to ten asci in each perithecium, and four to eight spores in each ascus. The conidial stage was formerly known as Oidium Tiickeri. The conidia are abjointed as oval colourless bodies from simple septate conidiophores, to the number of two or three in each chain. They germinate at onc
RMMCK6K4–. Fio. 35.âFlower of Radish (Raphanus sativus) hypertrophied by Ci/stojms caaduli's. The much-enlarged ovary stands out in the centre. The anthers are leaf-like ; the petals are mucli enlarged and hang downwards ; the sepals are somewhat enlarged. (Specimen from Botanical Musoinn of Krlangcn, and ph(jtographed by Dr. Bnnis.) The conidial cushions form thick white stripes with a porcellaneous appearance, by which they are easily distinguished from the cushions of Piromspora parasitica often present on the same plant.
RMT1JJ66–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 PESTALOZZINA. 495 Pestalozzina Soraueriana Sacc. occurs on foxtail n-a.ss {Alopecurns pratensis). The conidial tufts develop on spots which appear on the gradually witlierin; leaves. The bristle-appendages on the terminal cell of the eonidia are lateral, only one heing tt'rminal. This disease was first observed bv Wcinzierl at A'it-nna, «r-***»Vr?:V Fl<;.
RM2ANF280–Journal of Agricultural Research . Conidial mats several days old are shown near the periphery, and the zone of activedisease has advanced beyond them. A whitewash solution was applied to the matsto facilitate photographing. The white stakes indicate the furthermost margin ofactive disease the previous year. PLATE 7 A.—Segregated rootrot area i6 days after treatment with formaldehyde. No plantsoutside the original area had died since treatment. B.—Control area of approximately the same original size; the disease had advanced6i cm. in i6 days. C.—The rootrot area shown in Plate 7, A, 60 days af
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 242 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE oculations under all conceivable conditions, failed utterly of posi- tive results. From the Caucasus Prillieux and Delacroix "^ have described a Guignardia causing a black rot of grapes which is regarded as distinct from the usual American form, differing both in the peri- thecial and conidial stages. This is called G. baccae (Cav.) Jacz. Its conidial form Phoma reniformis eventually covers the whole berry with pustules. Two kinds of pycnidia are described. G. vaccinii Sh."^- " Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG46F6/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-242-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-oculations-under-all-conceivable-conditions-failed-utterly-of-posi-tive-results-from-the-caucasus-prillieux-and-delacroix-quot-have-described-a-guignardia-causing-a-black-rot-of-grapes-which-is-regarded-as-distinct-from-the-usual-american-form-differing-both-in-the-peri-thecial-and-conidial-stages-this-is-called-g-baccae-cav-jacz-its-conidial-form-phoma-reniformis-eventually-covers-the-whole-berry-with-pustules-two-kinds-of-pycnidia-are-described-g-vaccinii-shquot-quot-PG46F6.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 242 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE oculations under all conceivable conditions, failed utterly of posi- tive results. From the Caucasus Prillieux and Delacroix "^ have described a Guignardia causing a black rot of grapes which is regarded as distinct from the usual American form, differing both in the peri- thecial and conidial stages. This is called G. baccae (Cav.) Jacz. Its conidial form Phoma reniformis eventually covers the whole berry with pustules. Two kinds of pycnidia are described. G. vaccinii Sh."^- " Stock Photo")
RMPG46F6–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 242 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE oculations under all conceivable conditions, failed utterly of posi- tive results. From the Caucasus Prillieux and Delacroix "^ have described a Guignardia causing a black rot of grapes which is regarded as distinct from the usual American form, differing both in the peri- thecial and conidial stages. This is called G. baccae (Cav.) Jacz. Its conidial form Phoma reniformis eventually covers the whole berry with pustules. Two kinds of pycnidia are described. G. vaccinii Sh."^- "
RMMCKYHR–. Fig. 62.—Mycosp/iaere/la sentina. i, pear leaf attacked b)' fungus, nat. size; 2, conidia of Septoria form ; 3, ascus and free spores of ascigerous form. 2 and 3 highly mag. proved by Klebahn to be the conidial condition of the asci- gerous fungus, Mycosphaerella sentina (Schroter). The injury is undoubtedly caused by the conidial form of the fungus, the ascigerous condition developing only on dead leaves that have been lying on the ground throughout the winter.
RMT1JJ6E–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 Fig. 306.—Monilia fructigena. A, Apple showing the grey conidial patches as more or less concentric lines. B, Young Peach, shrivelled up in consequence of attack, (v. Tubeuf del.) next spring, when the fruit is again moist, further conidia are given off. Infection takes place by wounds or even through the epidermis of young leaves and blossoms. The conidia have Fio. 307.—Monilia fructigena. Branche
RM2AJ637D–Fungous diseases of plants . ossible positively to iden-tify a conidial stage in the life cycle of this species, although Botrytiscincrca has frequently been found upon plants unquestionably 1 Clinton, G. P. Tobacco Diseases. Stem Rot. Conn. Agl. Exp. Sta. Rept.(1906) : 326-329. pis. 20 a, b ; 21 a. 200 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS affected with this sclerotial disease. From a series of experi-ments extending through several years, Smith was unable byany means to produce a conidial stage from cultures of theSclcrotitiia Libcrtiana sclerotia, and he believes, moreover, thatthere exists another ty
RMPG4DG6–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 7o8 ADDITIONAL EXERCISES draining, the cheese is frequently turned and in two or three days, it is carried to a weU-ventilated room where the ripening process begins. Here it remains fifteen to twenty days when the suriace becomes covered with PeniciUium Camembertt, which gradually breaks down the casein.. Fig. 247.—PeniciUium italicum. a. b, c, d, c, /, g, types of branching in verticils and chains of conidiospores; j, k, sketches of conidial fructifications; /, m, n, swelling and germ
RMMCMEMM–. Fig. 29.—Cyziopus candid us. i, fungus on shepherd's purse ; 2, conidial form of fruit; 3, oospore ; 4, Cystopus portulacae, conidia and oospores in various stages of development ; 5, Cystopus trogopogonis, on leaf of goat's- beard; 6, oospore of same. Figs, i and 5, nat. size ; remainder highly mag. Lev.) attacks nearly all plants belonging to the crucifer family, in every part of the world. Among species of economic value may be enumerated : horse-radish, radish,
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 214 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS conidia elliptical, olive, about i6 /x long. Pycnidia resembling the perithecia, containing elliptical pale yellow, 3-septate stylospores, 10-12x6-7 /x. Spermogonia also similar to the perithecia, producing very minute spermatia. Perithecia crowded, asci cvlindric-ovate, 110-150x16-18 fx; spores Fig. 61.—Plowrightia mcrhosa. i, portion of a plum branch, showing conidial stage of the fungus; 2, branch with ascigerous condition of the fungus ; Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HK4E/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-214-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-conidia-elliptical-olive-about-i6-x-long-pycnidia-resembling-the-perithecia-containing-elliptical-pale-yellow-3-septate-stylospores-10-12x6-7-x-spermogonia-also-similar-to-the-perithecia-producing-very-minute-spermatia-perithecia-crowded-asci-cvlindric-ovate-110-150x16-18-fx-spores-fig-61plowrightia-mcrhosa-i-portion-of-a-plum-branch-showing-conidial-stage-of-the-fungus-2-branch-with-ascigerous-condition-of-the-fungus-T1HK4E.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 214 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS conidia elliptical, olive, about i6 /x long. Pycnidia resembling the perithecia, containing elliptical pale yellow, 3-septate stylospores, 10-12x6-7 /x. Spermogonia also similar to the perithecia, producing very minute spermatia. Perithecia crowded, asci cvlindric-ovate, 110-150x16-18 fx; spores Fig. 61.—Plowrightia mcrhosa. i, portion of a plum branch, showing conidial stage of the fungus; 2, branch with ascigerous condition of the fungus ; Stock Photo")
RMT1HK4E–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 214 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS conidia elliptical, olive, about i6 /x long. Pycnidia resembling the perithecia, containing elliptical pale yellow, 3-septate stylospores, 10-12x6-7 /x. Spermogonia also similar to the perithecia, producing very minute spermatia. Perithecia crowded, asci cvlindric-ovate, 110-150x16-18 fx; spores Fig. 61.—Plowrightia mcrhosa. i, portion of a plum branch, showing conidial stage of the fungus; 2, branch with ascigerous condition of the fungus ;
RM2ANF34H–Journal of Agricultural Research . Journal of Agricultural Research Washington, D. C. PLATE 6 A.—Rootrot spot, approximately 7 meters in diameter, in an alfalfa field, Septem*ber 18, 1921. B.—The same spot June 18, 1922, at the beginning of seasonal activity, approxi-mately II meters in diameter. C.—The same spot July 6, 1922, at the point of conjunction with another infecterispot. D.—Rootrot circle 18 meters in diameter in alfalfa field, Sacaton, Ariz., 1923.Conidial mats several days old are shown near the periphery, and the zone of activedisease has advanced beyond them. A whitewash solutio
RMPG4GR0–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 137. Fig. 91.—S. urnula, monilifoTin conidia with disjuDctois. After Woronin. possess Botrytis forms (see pp. 141 and 578), others Monilia (see pp. 139 and 558) forms of conidial fructification. In addition to these there may be gonidia, which appear to be degenerate, f unctionless conidia. In some species there is no known spore form except that in the ascus. S. ledi Now. is of especial interest as the one .fungus outside of the Uredinales that exhibits hetercecism.^^^ Many forms found upon sepa
![. 1*"k;. 54. — (rno»iofiia erythrostinna. Branch with persistent, drooping, dead leaves. the following season after the new leaves have appeared. The fruit is also attacked at times, when it becomes distorted and ripens unevenly. During the winter months the higher or ascigerous form of fruit is developed on the dead, hanging leaves. The s])ores produced by this form of the fungus infect the young leaves the following season. The perithecia of the conidial form are very minute, and burst through the epidermis of the leaf, ostiolum not elon- gated ; sporophores branched ; spores filiform, Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCPG85/1quotk-54-rnoiofiia-erythrostinna-branch-with-persistent-drooping-dead-leaves-the-following-season-after-the-new-leaves-have-appeared-the-fruit-is-also-attacked-at-times-when-it-becomes-distorted-and-ripens-unevenly-during-the-winter-months-the-higher-or-ascigerous-form-of-fruit-is-developed-on-the-dead-hanging-leaves-the-s-ores-produced-by-this-form-of-the-fungus-infect-the-young-leaves-the-following-season-the-perithecia-of-the-conidial-form-are-very-minute-and-burst-through-the-epidermis-of-the-leaf-ostiolum-not-elon-gated-sporophores-branched-spores-filiform-MCPG85.jpg ". 1*"k;. 54. — (rno»iofiia erythrostinna. Branch with persistent, drooping, dead leaves. the following season after the new leaves have appeared. The fruit is also attacked at times, when it becomes distorted and ripens unevenly. During the winter months the higher or ascigerous form of fruit is developed on the dead, hanging leaves. The s])ores produced by this form of the fungus infect the young leaves the following season. The perithecia of the conidial form are very minute, and burst through the epidermis of the leaf, ostiolum not elon- gated ; sporophores branched ; spores filiform, Stock Photo")
RMMCPG85–. 1*"k;. 54. — (rno»iofiia erythrostinna. Branch with persistent, drooping, dead leaves. the following season after the new leaves have appeared. The fruit is also attacked at times, when it becomes distorted and ripens unevenly. During the winter months the higher or ascigerous form of fruit is developed on the dead, hanging leaves. The s])ores produced by this form of the fungus infect the young leaves the following season. The perithecia of the conidial form are very minute, and burst through the epidermis of the leaf, ostiolum not elon- gated ; sporophores branched ; spores filiform,
RMT1HKBW–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 214 ASCOMYCETES. active vegetation begins about two and a half montlis later than in the plains, i.e. at the beginning of June. The season of mature spores of Sphaerdla is thus delayed till about the middle of August. On 26th September I found at this elevation only a few spots on the larch needles, and on these hardly any conidial cushions. By 28 th September this larch plantation was already und
RM2ANATK6–A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . e saprophytes, useful in the destruction of dead plantparts. Many are parasites and produce dangerous diseases in culti-vated plants. A. Conidia in pycnidia, or chamber-like hollows. I. SPH/EROPSI-DALES. B. Conidia in conidial layer formed ultimately wholly free. II.MELANCONIALES. C. Conidia on conidiophores. Single or in coremia. III. HYPHO-MYCETALES. I. SPH^ROPSIDALES.—The conidia are formed in pycnidia.The receptacles are closed or open l)y a pore, or by a slit suggesting FUNGI IMiERFECTI (dEUTEROMYCETES) 261 groups of ASCOMYCETALES. Four famili
RMPG4BND–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 101.—Tuft of larch needles, the greater number of which are more or less attacked by SphaereUa laricina. (After R. Hartig.) The rod-shaped conidia infect particularly the lower needles of the crown, and three weeks thereafter new conidial cushions. Fig. 102.—SpJiaereUa laricina. Section through a diseased spot on a larch needle. The interior of the leaf is permeated with the intercellular mycelium. Two conidial
RMMCK6T3–. Fig. 102.—Sphaerella laricina. Section through a diseased spot on a hirch needle. The interior of the leaf is permeated with the intercellular mycelium. Two conidial cu.shions are shown ; from these numerous long rod-shaped conidia are given off externally (those of the upper cushion have nearly all been carried off by rain), while cavities inside the cushions are filled with micro-conidia. X ^K (After R. Hartig.) appear. Their distribution and germination are facilitated by wet weather. The perithecia (Fig. 104) are matured towards
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] KEITHIA 287 germinate as freely as the coloured ones, and in less time, probably due to the thinner spore-wall. According to Fuckel ('Symb. Myc.', p. 286) Tromella foliacea (= Ulocolla foiiacea, Brefeld) is a conidial form of Bulgaria. This statement, however, has not been corro- borated, and should be attended to by those having an jtHttP-nTTTurf Fig. 83.—Bulgaria pclymorpha. i, fungus on trunk ; 2, section of same ; 3, spores ; 4, asci with spores. 3 and 4 highly mag. oppor Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1H29M/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-keithia-287-germinate-as-freely-as-the-coloured-ones-and-in-less-time-probably-due-to-the-thinner-spore-wall-according-to-fuckel-symb-myc-p-286-tromella-foliacea-=-ulocolla-foiiacea-brefeld-is-a-conidial-form-of-bulgaria-this-statement-however-has-not-been-corro-borated-and-should-be-attended-to-by-those-having-an-jthttp-nttturf-fig-83bulgaria-pclymorpha-i-fungus-on-trunk-2-section-of-same-3-spores-4-asci-with-spores-3-and-4-highly-mag-oppor-T1H29M.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] KEITHIA 287 germinate as freely as the coloured ones, and in less time, probably due to the thinner spore-wall. According to Fuckel ('Symb. Myc.', p. 286) Tromella foliacea (= Ulocolla foiiacea, Brefeld) is a conidial form of Bulgaria. This statement, however, has not been corro- borated, and should be attended to by those having an jtHttP-nTTTurf Fig. 83.—Bulgaria pclymorpha. i, fungus on trunk ; 2, section of same ; 3, spores ; 4, asci with spores. 3 and 4 highly mag. oppor Stock Photo")
RMT1H29M–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] KEITHIA 287 germinate as freely as the coloured ones, and in less time, probably due to the thinner spore-wall. According to Fuckel ('Symb. Myc.', p. 286) Tromella foliacea (= Ulocolla foiiacea, Brefeld) is a conidial form of Bulgaria. This statement, however, has not been corro- borated, and should be attended to by those having an jtHttP-nTTTurf Fig. 83.—Bulgaria pclymorpha. i, fungus on trunk ; 2, section of same ; 3, spores ; 4, asci with spores. 3 and 4 highly mag. oppor
RM2AWRKP6–Peach scab and its control . Peach Leaf and Twigs Attacked by Cladosporium carpophilum. Fig. 1.—Lower surface of badly diseased Heath leaf, showing abundant infection. From ChevyChase, Md., October 5,1915. (Naturalsize.) Fig. 2.—Badly diseased Elberta twigs. From ChevyChase, Md., August 6, 1915. (Natural size.) Fig. 3.—Elberta twigs, showing lesions as theyappear in the spring following infection, with abundant production of conidial tufts: a and 6,Small lesions, evidently the result of late infection; c and d fully developed lesions. FromCornelia, Ga., May 31, 1912. (Magnified, X 2.) PEACH SC
RMPG4GMB–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 104.—P. trifolii. Ascus and paraph- yses; germinating spores. After Ches- ter. spores hyaline, 10-14 fi long; paraphyses numerous, filiform. A Phyllosticta thought to be its conidial stage has been reported.*' On dead spots in leaves of alfalfa and black medick. P. trifolii (Bernh.) Fcl. This is closely related to, perhaps identical with, the last species. Sporonema (Sphaeronaema) phacidioides Desm. is supposed to be its conidial form. This co- nidial stage has not however, been observed on alfalfa. Ascocarps mostly epiphyl- l
RMMCK6CC–. Fifi. lO^i.—Sphaerella laricina. Section through a diseased spot on a larch needle. The interior of the leaf is permeated with the intercellular mycelitim. Two conidial cushions are shown ; from these numerous long rod-shaped conidia are given off externally (those of the upper cushion have nearly all been carried off by rain), while cavities inside the cushions are filled with micro-conidia. X if ii. (After R. Hartig.) appear. Their distribution and germination are facilitated by wet weather. The perithecia (Fig. 104) are matured towards
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 4S.—Nec/ria solatii, figures illustrating its life-cycle, i, portion of a diseased tuber, and section through a conidial stroma ; 2, Monosporium fruit ; 3, conidia of same germinating ; 4, Fumrium stage, following the Monoporium condition ; 5, Fusarium conidia, germinating and producing the Cephalosporiztin ?,ia.ge ; 6, stroma that has pro- duced Monosporium and Fusarhim conidia, bearing young perithecia, or the commence- ment of the ascigerous condition ; 7, section of a m Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HHEK/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-fig-4snecria-solatii-figures-illustrating-its-life-cycle-i-portion-of-a-diseased-tuber-and-section-through-a-conidial-stroma-2-monosporium-fruit-3-conidia-of-same-germinating-4-fumrium-stage-following-the-monoporium-condition-5-fusarium-conidia-germinating-and-producing-the-cephalosporiztin-iage-6-stroma-that-has-pro-duced-monosporium-and-fusarhim-conidia-bearing-young-perithecia-or-the-commence-ment-of-the-ascigerous-condition-7-section-of-a-m-T1HHEK.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 4S.—Nec/ria solatii, figures illustrating its life-cycle, i, portion of a diseased tuber, and section through a conidial stroma ; 2, Monosporium fruit ; 3, conidia of same germinating ; 4, Fumrium stage, following the Monoporium condition ; 5, Fusarium conidia, germinating and producing the Cephalosporiztin ?,ia.ge ; 6, stroma that has pro- duced Monosporium and Fusarhim conidia, bearing young perithecia, or the commence- ment of the ascigerous condition ; 7, section of a m Stock Photo")
RMT1HHEK–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 4S.—Nec/ria solatii, figures illustrating its life-cycle, i, portion of a diseased tuber, and section through a conidial stroma ; 2, Monosporium fruit ; 3, conidia of same germinating ; 4, Fumrium stage, following the Monoporium condition ; 5, Fusarium conidia, germinating and producing the Cephalosporiztin ?,ia.ge ; 6, stroma that has pro- duced Monosporium and Fusarhim conidia, bearing young perithecia, or the commence- ment of the ascigerous condition ; 7, section of a m
RM2AN3B6F–Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of ERostrup . ©- 1. Habitus. Fig. 40. Gibellula pulchra.2. A single stroma, enlarged. riu 4. Part ot tlie same-p. i i.x (i. Conidiophores and conidia ^. till7. Part of the same. ^. From R 93 b. 539 On spiders. S. Ruderhegn, Serup Hegn (O. R.); L. Bellesminde (^^/t 79),Sellested; Falst. Corselitze Skov. Pirobasidium. 3217. Pirobasidium sarcoides v. Hohnel, Ldau IX ^^ Is the conidial fructification of Coryne sarcoides (see v. Hohnel 02)and is found on the same places. Isaria. 3218. Isaria farinosa Fries S. M. Ill Syll. IV ^«^ Ldau IX ^^Syn: Is. cr
RMPFX4EW–. Cultural studies of species of Penicillium. Penicillium -- Cultures and culture media; Fungi -- Cultures and culture media. 80 CULTURAL STUDIES OF SPECIES OF PENICILLIUM. Penicillium No. 31. Colonies upon gelatin and potato or bean agar from white to gray to gray-green mostly white, with few areas of green conidia sprinkled with pink sclerotia, sparsely floccose, broadly spreading. Conidiophores branching from aerial hyphae, very short to 380/* in length, commonly 150-240/*, conidial fructification with a single verticil or once branched with branch, conidiiferous cells and chains of conidia
RMMCKC2D–. I Fig. 148.—Fusariumlycopersici. , Diplocladiiim stage; 2, Fusarium stage; 3, resting spores. All highly mag. vessels, caused by the mycelium. Shortly after the plant has drooped, the portion of stem just above ground becomes more or less covered with a delicate, white film of hyphae. This is the first conidial condition of the fungus, known as the Diplocladium stage. This is followed by a second or Ftisarium stage, which originates from the same mycelium that produced the first stage. Numerous strands of mycelium spread from the roots into the soil, and there form resting- spores which rem
RMT1J03M–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 COLLETOTRICllLM. 487 appear on the leaves, and dt-pressions on the stem, sometimes extending so far round that the wlmlc shoot dries up. The conidial patches are very nnich the same nw tlie diflfrcnt liosts, and consist of short conidiophores from whicli oval, unicellular, hyaline conidia are alijointnl. C. lycopersici ('hest. is the cause nf a spot-disease on t
RM2ANF6F1–Journal of Agricultural Research . D, C. S. 1919. COTTON ROOTROT SPOTS. In JouT. AgT. Research, v. 18, p. 305-310, 7 fig- 7) Shantz, H. L., and Piemeisel, R. L. 1917. FUNGUS FAIRY RINGS IN EASTERN COLORADO AND THEIR EFFECT ON VEGE- TATION. In Jour. Agr. Research, v. 11, p. 191-246, 15 fig., pi. 10-30.Literature cited, p. 242-245. 8) Shear, Cornelius Lott. 1907. NEW SPECIES OF FUNGI. In Bul. Torrey Bot. Club, v. 34, p. 305-317. PLATE I A.—A conidial mat i day old. Still increasing its area by active growth on theperiphery where the pronounced white color is shown. The stromatic myceliumwhich sp
RMPG4GMP–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 148 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE. Fig. 104.—P. trifolii. Ascus and paraph- yses; germinating spores. After Ches- ter. spores hyaline, 10-14 fi long; paraphyses numerous, filiform. A Phyllosticta thought to be its conidial stage has been reported.*' On dead spots in leaves of alfalfa and black medick. P. trifolii (Bernh.) Fcl. This is closely related to, perhaps identical with, the last species. Sporonema (Sphaeronaema) phacidioides Desm. is supposed to be its conidial form. This co- nidial stage has not however, been observe
RMMCTMTN–. Fig. i2,.—Sphaerella tabijica, causing heart-rot of orange-globe mangold. Conidial form. Perithecia subglobose, conidia elliptical, hyaline, 5-7 x 35 f, escaping as a gelatinous tendril. As the disease appears somewhat late in the season, it is advisable to lift the crop when it is first observed, before the fungus passes from the leaves into the root. Diseased ' tops' should be collected and buried. It is important not to include diseased roots when storing, and if diseased roots are found when the pits are opened they should not be thrown on the manure heap or into the pig-stye, but buried
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. dT.—Koitllinia radiciperda. i, ascigerous condition ; 2, peiilhccia : 3, section of same; 4, ascus containing 8 spores, also two parapliyso; 5. tip of an ascus after treatment with iodine, showing the arrangement for effecting the opening of the ascus for escape of spores ; 6, a-cospores, one germinating; 7, brown mycelium with swellings; 8, black sclerotiiim bearing a cluster of conidial fruit ; 9, a single conidiophore; 10, conidia ; II, pycnidium ; 12, stylospores from s Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1H0MM/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-fig-dtkoitllinia-radiciperda-i-ascigerous-condition-2-peiilhccia-3-section-of-same-4-ascus-containing-8-spores-also-two-parapliyso-5-tip-of-an-ascus-after-treatment-with-iodine-showing-the-arrangement-for-effecting-the-opening-of-the-ascus-for-escape-of-spores-6-a-cospores-one-germinating-7-brown-mycelium-with-swellings-8-black-sclerotiiim-bearing-a-cluster-of-conidial-fruit-9-a-single-conidiophore-10-conidia-ii-pycnidium-12-stylospores-from-s-T1H0MM.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. dT.—Koitllinia radiciperda. i, ascigerous condition ; 2, peiilhccia : 3, section of same; 4, ascus containing 8 spores, also two parapliyso; 5. tip of an ascus after treatment with iodine, showing the arrangement for effecting the opening of the ascus for escape of spores ; 6, a-cospores, one germinating; 7, brown mycelium with swellings; 8, black sclerotiiim bearing a cluster of conidial fruit ; 9, a single conidiophore; 10, conidia ; II, pycnidium ; 12, stylospores from s Stock Photo")
RMT1H0MM–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. dT.—Koitllinia radiciperda. i, ascigerous condition ; 2, peiilhccia : 3, section of same; 4, ascus containing 8 spores, also two parapliyso; 5. tip of an ascus after treatment with iodine, showing the arrangement for effecting the opening of the ascus for escape of spores ; 6, a-cospores, one germinating; 7, brown mycelium with swellings; 8, black sclerotiiim bearing a cluster of conidial fruit ; 9, a single conidiophore; 10, conidia ; II, pycnidium ; 12, stylospores from s
RM2CDDTT9–. Introduction to the study of fungi, their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . formerly unitedwith Nedria, have theperithecia seated upona more or less byssoidsubiculum; these arenow separated from that genus, and united under the nameof Byssonedria, analogous to the Byssosphacria of theSpliaeriaceae. In another group, the perithecia, which resembleNedria, are densely gregarious, and often partially immersedin a velvety subiculum, transformed from the tissues ofdecaying Fungi. This genus is Hypomyccs, each species ofwhich has also a conidial form, which
RMPG4BK6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fio. 112.—Section of stroma of j4^/aospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - m ycelium; b, sclerenchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cushion ; d, union of necks of two perithecia. (After Hartig.). Fig. 113.—a, Conidia; b, asco- spore of Aglaospoi-u taleola ( X ^). (After Hartig.) superficially abjointed from the stromata; while embedded in it are groups of perithecia with necks which join to
RMMCTXDT–. Fig. 47. —AW/riit so/ani. The Moiunporium and /'usdriiiin stage; the most frc()ucnlly observed condition of 'winlcr-rot' in potatoes. quickly enter and assist in reducing the tuber to a semi- liquid, rotten, strong-smelling mass. The disease has usually been attributed to Fusarium solani (Pers.), but in reality the proper name of the fungus '?, Neclria solani (Keinke and Berthold), of which the 1-usariutn is a conidial form. The reason why the Fusayiiim has been con- sidered as the primary and only cause of the disease is because it is the most conspicuous feature present during the state o
RMT1HK7C–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 Fig. 101.—Tuft of larch needles, the greater number of which are more or less attacked by Sphaerella laricina. (After R. Hartig.) The rod-shaped conidia infect particularly the lower needles of the crown, and three weeks thereafter new conidial cushions M Tff Fifi. lOi.—Sphaerella laricina. Section through a diseased spot on a larch needle. The interior of the leaf is permeated with the intercellu
RM2CDFRFD–. Introduction to the study of fungi, their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . hehealthy action of the leaves. Our commonest vine disease,which attacks the leaves and fruit, is of the present character,although only the conidial condition is accurately known. True endophytal parasites are more varied in their character,and consist primarily of the rotting moulds — Fungi whichhave the habit and iii)pearance of Mucedines, but with a more 76 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FUNGI complex fructification. The disease which has for some yearsattacked the potato, a
RMPG42JH–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. NECTRIA. 185 Nectria. Perithecia yellow or red in colour, and generally produced in close tufts on stromata of the same colour. The asci con- tain eight bicellular spores and few or no paraphyses. Conidia â of various kinds and shapes are also produced. Nectrina cinnabarina Fr.^ (Britain and U.S. America). The -bright-red, button-shaped conidial cushions of this fungus may. Please note that these images are extracte
RMMCMFWH–. Fig. 25.—Basidiospora entospora. 2, 3, Sclerospora graminis, conidial stage and oospore ; 4, Bremia lactucae, portion of conidial stage. All highly mag. yellowish-green patches on the upper surface of the leaf. Corresponding areas on the under surface soon become covered with a delicate greyish mildew; these patches continue to increase in size, and run into each other, until finally the entire under surface is covered with mildew. Soon after this stage has been reached the leaf turns yellow, then brown, dries up and falls, but not before myriads of spores have been
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 196 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS the leaf-stalks. Its presence is indicated by the white patches bordered with orange-red. The fungus passes from the leaf- stalks into the root, penetrating to the heart, causing a rot. The conidial fruit first appears on the leaf-stalks, followed by the ascigerous form when the leaves are quite dead. Ascigerous form. Perithecia rounded, brown, asci oblong- clavate, 8-spored; spores hyaline, i-septate, upper cell ovate- rounded, largest, lower c Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HJ1A/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-196-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-the-leaf-stalks-its-presence-is-indicated-by-the-white-patches-bordered-with-orange-red-the-fungus-passes-from-the-leaf-stalks-into-the-root-penetrating-to-the-heart-causing-a-rot-the-conidial-fruit-first-appears-on-the-leaf-stalks-followed-by-the-ascigerous-form-when-the-leaves-are-quite-dead-ascigerous-form-perithecia-rounded-brown-asci-oblong-clavate-8-spored-spores-hyaline-i-septate-upper-cell-ovate-rounded-largest-lower-c-T1HJ1A.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 196 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS the leaf-stalks. Its presence is indicated by the white patches bordered with orange-red. The fungus passes from the leaf- stalks into the root, penetrating to the heart, causing a rot. The conidial fruit first appears on the leaf-stalks, followed by the ascigerous form when the leaves are quite dead. Ascigerous form. Perithecia rounded, brown, asci oblong- clavate, 8-spored; spores hyaline, i-septate, upper cell ovate- rounded, largest, lower c Stock Photo")
RMT1HJ1A–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 196 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS the leaf-stalks. Its presence is indicated by the white patches bordered with orange-red. The fungus passes from the leaf- stalks into the root, penetrating to the heart, causing a rot. The conidial fruit first appears on the leaf-stalks, followed by the ascigerous form when the leaves are quite dead. Ascigerous form. Perithecia rounded, brown, asci oblong- clavate, 8-spored; spores hyaline, i-septate, upper cell ovate- rounded, largest, lower c
RM2CDCD01–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . The fungus. The mycelium penetrates the bark and later thewood beneath to a considerable extent. The course of the fungusthrough the bark and wood is very largely through the paren-chymatous and medullary cells. From these, however, it infestsneighboring tissues, especially the xylem vessels. The stromataand fruit bodies are developed from the latter part of the summerinto the autumn and winter. From the upper surface of thestroma a mat of conidial hyphae arises. These break through the epidermis and und
RMPFX4GN–. Cultural studies of species of Penicillium. Penicillium -- Cultures and culture media; Fungi -- Cultures and culture media. PENIdLLIUM NO. 24. 67 margin of unripened fruit and submerged mycelium during the growing period. Reverse of colony and mm â¢ilium colorless under all conditions studied. eraging about 250//, in length, either arising separately or as lateral 1 warn In-- of hyphae just above the substratum. Conidial fructification up to 200/j in length produced by various branching from the conidiophores in which cadi primary 1.ranch is often divergent to produce separate massof conidia
RMMCK6K3–. Fig. 33.—CyUopaa lilaiits uf Cu,>stlla lw.,m paslorin. The fuiigUK has caused distortion and thickening; the white porcellanous conidial cushions shew up distinctly on the dark background, (v. Tubcuf phot.) swarming spores with two unequal lateral cilia. The egg-cells, produced singly in each oogonium, are fertilized by an autheridiuni. The thick-walled oospores remain enclosed in the intercellular spaces of the host-tissue, and on germinating in spring discharge swarming spores. Cystopus candidus (Pers.) Lev. White liust. This fungus
RMT1HK7P–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 Fic. 101.—Tuft of larch needles, the greater number of which are more or less attacked by SphaereUa laricina. (After R. Hartig.) The rod-shaped conidia infect particularly the lower needles of the crown, and three weeks thereafter new conidial cushions Fig. 102.—Sphaerella lancina. Section throngli a diseased spot on a larch needle. The interior of the leaf i
RM2CE0D3N–. Endothia parasitica and related species . rom mycelium) is the sum total of that part of thevegetative portion of the fungus body, which, without serving ex-clusively for absorption, takes part in the formation of the fruitbody. He sets aside Fuistings (36, p. 185) division of the fungusbody into an epistroma and a hypostroma, as essentially nothing butthe distinction of conidial layers and perithecial stroma. Ruhland divides the fungus body into an ectostroma and an ento-stroma. The ectostroma grows on the upper surface of the paren-chyma of the bark, between it and the periderm, and is com
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 171. Fig. 122.â^I, E. graminis, showing branching haustoria. 33, Phyllactinia, intercellular hyphs. After Smith. Erysiphaceae (p. 170) "â "⢠"â¢" This family on account of its abundance everywhere, its sim- plicity of structure, and its possession of typical ascigerous and conidial stages forms a favorite type for introductory study of the Ascomycetes. Its members are easy of recognition, form- ing a coating of white conidia, conidiophores and mycelium upon the surface of its Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4GHK/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-171-fig-122i-e-graminis-showing-branching-haustoria-33-phyllactinia-intercellular-hyphs-after-smith-erysiphaceae-p-170-quot-quot-quotquot-this-family-on-account-of-its-abundance-everywhere-its-sim-plicity-of-structure-and-its-possession-of-typical-ascigerous-and-conidial-stages-forms-a-favorite-type-for-introductory-study-of-the-ascomycetes-its-members-are-easy-of-recognition-form-ing-a-coating-of-white-conidia-conidiophores-and-mycelium-upon-the-surface-of-its-PG4GHK.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 171. Fig. 122.â^I, E. graminis, showing branching haustoria. 33, Phyllactinia, intercellular hyphs. After Smith. Erysiphaceae (p. 170) "â "⢠"â¢" This family on account of its abundance everywhere, its sim- plicity of structure, and its possession of typical ascigerous and conidial stages forms a favorite type for introductory study of the Ascomycetes. Its members are easy of recognition, form- ing a coating of white conidia, conidiophores and mycelium upon the surface of its Stock Photo")
RMPG4GHK–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 171. Fig. 122.â^I, E. graminis, showing branching haustoria. 33, Phyllactinia, intercellular hyphs. After Smith. Erysiphaceae (p. 170) "â "⢠"â¢" This family on account of its abundance everywhere, its sim- plicity of structure, and its possession of typical ascigerous and conidial stages forms a favorite type for introductory study of the Ascomycetes. Its members are easy of recognition, form- ing a coating of white conidia, conidiophores and mycelium upon the surface of its
RMMCK6Y8–. Fig. 33.—Costopi'.s candidus on plants of Capsella hario. pastorig. The fungus has caused distortion and thickening; the white porcellanous conidial cushions shew up distinctly on the dark background, (v. Tubeuf phot.) swarming spores with two unequal lateral cilia. The egg-cells, produced singly in each oogonium, are fertilized by an antheridium. The thick-walled oospores remain enclosed in the intercellular spaces of the host-tissue, and on germinating in spring discharge swarming spores. Cystopus candidus (Pers.) Lev. White Paist. This fungus
RMT1HKBT–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 214 ASCOMYCETES. active vegetation begins about two and a half months later than in the plains, i.r. at the beginning of June. The season of mature spores of Sx>haerclla is thus delayed till about the middle of August. On 2Gth September I found at this elevation only a few spots on the larch needles, and on these hardly any conidial cushions. By 28th Septe
RM2CDCDG3–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fig. 99. Neocosmospora vasinfecta. {c after Erw. F. Smith)«, the fungus in xylem of stem; b and c^ conidial stages from cultures and hence through the root system. This is believed to be thesole method of infection with the form on cotton and cowpea.It is also believed that healthy plants are directly affected with-out the assistance of any other organism or mechanical effectcausing an injury through which the fungus might obtain access.The mycelium of the plant is at first found most abundantly inthe ve
RMPG4GNP–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 141 It causes a rot of the grape, much dreaded in Europe, attacking leaves, fruit and stem. The fungus can persist long as a sapro- phyte in the conidial condition. Sclerotia are borne within the affected tissues. On germination they may either produce the conidia directly or form apothecia. Both ascospores and conidia are capable of infecting the grape but infection is much more certain from a vigorous mycelium (see S. libertiana, p. 142). Attachment organs, c. f. Fig. 93, which consist of close
RMMCK6PD–. Fifi. l^G.—Sclerotinia oxycocci on Faccinivm Oxycoccvs. Young shoot of Cran- berry with mature conidial cushion and diseased upper leaves. A, Pfsira-cup developed from a sclerotial fruit; numerous rhizoids proceed from the base of the stalk. B. Ascospores in stages of germination. C, Conidia in germination, with remains of disjunctors still attached. (After Woronin.) to several primordia or horn-like stalks, on the extremity of which an apothecium is afterwards formed. Ehizoids are pro- duced at the base of the stalk and attaching themselves to the ground act as supports and organs of nutrit
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] SCLEROTINIA 269 the death of the clover. The presence of small black sclerotia partially embedded in the substance of the stem and root indicates that the injury is due to the Sckroti?iia. As a rule, only one ascophore springs from a sclerotium, at first closed then expanding, yellowish-brown 3 mm. to i cm. across, stem elongated, slender ; spores S in an ascus, hyaline, elliptical, 16-18x8-9/. Conidial condition unknown. Fig. 79.—Sclerotinia ur7iula. i, chain of conidiain yo Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HNFR/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-sclerotinia-269-the-death-of-the-clover-the-presence-of-small-black-sclerotia-partially-embedded-in-the-substance-of-the-stem-and-root-indicates-that-the-injury-is-due-to-the-sckrotiiia-as-a-rule-only-one-ascophore-springs-from-a-sclerotium-at-first-closed-then-expanding-yellowish-brown-3-mm-to-i-cm-across-stem-elongated-slender-spores-s-in-an-ascus-hyaline-elliptical-16-18x8-9-conidial-condition-unknown-fig-79sclerotinia-ur7iula-i-chain-of-conidiain-yo-T1HNFR.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] SCLEROTINIA 269 the death of the clover. The presence of small black sclerotia partially embedded in the substance of the stem and root indicates that the injury is due to the Sckroti?iia. As a rule, only one ascophore springs from a sclerotium, at first closed then expanding, yellowish-brown 3 mm. to i cm. across, stem elongated, slender ; spores S in an ascus, hyaline, elliptical, 16-18x8-9/. Conidial condition unknown. Fig. 79.—Sclerotinia ur7iula. i, chain of conidiain yo Stock Photo")
RMT1HNFR–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] SCLEROTINIA 269 the death of the clover. The presence of small black sclerotia partially embedded in the substance of the stem and root indicates that the injury is due to the Sckroti?iia. As a rule, only one ascophore springs from a sclerotium, at first closed then expanding, yellowish-brown 3 mm. to i cm. across, stem elongated, slender ; spores S in an ascus, hyaline, elliptical, 16-18x8-9/. Conidial condition unknown. Fig. 79.—Sclerotinia ur7iula. i, chain of conidiain yo
RM2CDCDK6–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fig. 99. Neocosmospora vasinfecta. {c after Erw. F. Smith)«, the fungus in xylem of stem; b and c^ conidial stages from cultures and hence through the root system. This is believed to be thesole method of infection with the form on cotton and cowpea.It is also believed that healthy plants are directly affected with-out the assistance of any other organism or mechanical effectcausing an injury through which the fungus might obtain access.The mycelium of the plant is at first found most abundantly inthe ve
RMPG4013–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. PHYCOMYCETES 151. beak-like projections. The developing cushions break the epidermis and the mature spores are set free. Fig. 50, a, shows a section through a conidial cushion. Under favorable conditions germina- tion of the conidia proceeds promptly and each conidium becomes a zoosporangium, the protoplasmic contents dividing into six or more parts which emerge through an opening developed either ba- sally or terminally. The zoospores are set free as ovate swarm cells with two une
RMMCK6XP–. Fio. :i6.—Flower of Radish hypertrophied by Ct/stopi's cainiidv.s. The white swollen conidial cushions occupy the enlarged petals, sepals and ovaries. (Dr. Bruns' phot.) develop to intercellular mycelia, fine short lateral twigs of which pierce the wall of the host-cells and become little spherical haustoria. The oogonia arise as thick-walled spherical swellings on the mycelium. The antheridium, after applying itself to the oogonium, widens and projects a fine fertilization-tube through the wall to the egg-cell. After fertilization is effected, the egg-cell is enclosed in a firm uneven membr
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] > Fig. 58.— Venturia inaequalis. i, conidial stage (Fusicladium dendriti- f«;«) on apple leaf; 2, 3 and 4, conidial stage; 6, section of perithecium ( Venturia stage) ; 7 and 8, asci and spores of Venturia ; 9, apple twig with Fusicladium stage, as appearing during winter and spring. Figs, i and 9 reduced ; remainder highly mag. practicable. I am not convinced. I believe that it is as practicable to remove the dead shoots from a tree as it is to remove the apples, in fact Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HJKN/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-gt-fig-58-venturia-inaequalis-i-conidial-stage-fusicladium-dendriti-f-on-apple-leaf-2-3-and-4-conidial-stage-6-section-of-perithecium-venturia-stage-7-and-8-asci-and-spores-of-venturia-9-apple-twig-with-fusicladium-stage-as-appearing-during-winter-and-spring-figs-i-and-9-reduced-remainder-highly-mag-practicable-i-am-not-convinced-i-believe-that-it-is-as-practicable-to-remove-the-dead-shoots-from-a-tree-as-it-is-to-remove-the-apples-in-fact-T1HJKN.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] > Fig. 58.— Venturia inaequalis. i, conidial stage (Fusicladium dendriti- f«;«) on apple leaf; 2, 3 and 4, conidial stage; 6, section of perithecium ( Venturia stage) ; 7 and 8, asci and spores of Venturia ; 9, apple twig with Fusicladium stage, as appearing during winter and spring. Figs, i and 9 reduced ; remainder highly mag. practicable. I am not convinced. I believe that it is as practicable to remove the dead shoots from a tree as it is to remove the apples, in fact Stock Photo")
RMT1HJKN–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] > Fig. 58.— Venturia inaequalis. i, conidial stage (Fusicladium dendriti- f«;«) on apple leaf; 2, 3 and 4, conidial stage; 6, section of perithecium ( Venturia stage) ; 7 and 8, asci and spores of Venturia ; 9, apple twig with Fusicladium stage, as appearing during winter and spring. Figs, i and 9 reduced ; remainder highly mag. practicable. I am not convinced. I believe that it is as practicable to remove the dead shoots from a tree as it is to remove the apples, in fact
RM2CDCEYE–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fig. 50. CoNiDiAL Stage, Fertilization, and GerminatingOospore of Cystopus. {b and c, after De Bary) conidial cushions, characteristic of the family to which this speciesbelongs, are prominent. The fungus. The conidial cushions occur upon leaves, stems,and floral parts, or fruits. On the majority of hosts, such asshepherds purse, horse radish, etc., oospores generally occur onlyin the stems, yet upon some other hosts, particularly upon certainmustards in the western United States, oospores alone are com-
RMPG4GCF–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 200 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Hypomyces Fries (p. 197) Stroma an effused cottony subicnlvun, often of considerable extent; perithecia numerous, usually thickly scattered and im- mersed in the subiculum, rarely superficial; asci cylindric, 8-spored; spores fusoid or fusiform, usually apiculate, rarely blunt, 2-celled, hyaline; conidial phase variable. This genus of some forty species contains but few > saprophytes, the majority being parasitic, chiefly on the larger fimgi. The genus is of economic interest only as affec
RMMCK6JY–. Fig. 36.—Flower of Radish hypertrophied by Cystopv.i cundidv.s. The white .«;wollen conidial cushions occupy the enlarged petals, sepals and ovaries. (Dr. Bruns' phot.) develop to intercellular mycelia, tine short lateral twigs of which pierce the wall of the host-cells and become little spherical haustoria. The oogonia arise as thick-walled spherical swellings on the mycelium. The antheridium, after applying itself to the oogonium, widens and projects a fine fertilization-tube through the wall to the egg-cell. After fertilization is effected, the egg-cell is enclosed in a firm uneven membra
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig 66—Koselhiiia iiciatnx. i, poiiion of root of apple-tree with whue fleecy mycelium, 2, biown hyphae with swelHngs; 3, loot with sderotia beating conidial fruit; 4, single cluster of conidiophoies; 5, branch of last beating conidia; 6, stylospores produced in pycnidia (after Viala) ; 7, perithecium surrounded by conidiophores (after Viala) ; 8, ascospores; 9, a sycamore infected witli thi fungus, the portion above ground enveloped in white my- celium, the portion below ground Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1H0G5/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-fig-66koselhiiia-iiciatnx-i-poiiion-of-root-of-apple-tree-with-whue-fleecy-mycelium-2-biown-hyphae-with-swelhngs-3-loot-with-sderotia-beating-conidial-fruit-4-single-cluster-of-conidiophoies-5-branch-of-last-beating-conidia-6-stylospores-produced-in-pycnidia-after-viala-7-perithecium-surrounded-by-conidiophores-after-viala-8-ascospores-9-a-sycamore-infected-witli-thi-fungus-the-portion-above-ground-enveloped-in-white-my-celium-the-portion-below-ground-T1H0G5.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig 66—Koselhiiia iiciatnx. i, poiiion of root of apple-tree with whue fleecy mycelium, 2, biown hyphae with swelHngs; 3, loot with sderotia beating conidial fruit; 4, single cluster of conidiophoies; 5, branch of last beating conidia; 6, stylospores produced in pycnidia (after Viala) ; 7, perithecium surrounded by conidiophores (after Viala) ; 8, ascospores; 9, a sycamore infected witli thi fungus, the portion above ground enveloped in white my- celium, the portion below ground Stock Photo")
RMT1H0G5–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig 66—Koselhiiia iiciatnx. i, poiiion of root of apple-tree with whue fleecy mycelium, 2, biown hyphae with swelHngs; 3, loot with sderotia beating conidial fruit; 4, single cluster of conidiophoies; 5, branch of last beating conidia; 6, stylospores produced in pycnidia (after Viala) ; 7, perithecium surrounded by conidiophores (after Viala) ; 8, ascospores; 9, a sycamore infected witli thi fungus, the portion above ground enveloped in white my- celium, the portion below ground
RM2CETD6G–. Transactions and proceedings and report of the Philosophical Society of Adelaide, South Australia. en fresh were in shape some-what like large examples of one of the forms of Polysaccam.pisocarpiurn, i.e., broadly club-shaped. They were attachedto large irregular white mycelial masses in the ground. Thesurface was covered with a yellow efflorescence showingnumerous conidial spores (85 to 12*5x2 to 34 /x). On sec-tion the centre was whitish and surrounded by a broadyellowish layer, whilst outside this was a black line coveredwith the yellow efflorescence. Smell unpleasant. PORONIA. 249. Poron
![. The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. THALLOPHYTA,. 1 CordycepB Taylori, a pyrenomycetous Fiirgu which attacks caterpillars; the branched antler-like stroma has developed rfrom the sclerotlum, and its lower warted portion bears the perithecia. 2 Three perithecia; enlarged. 3 a perithecium in section. * Two asci containing filamentous spores. » Vertical section of a perithecium of Xylaria Hypoxylon. 6 Ascus of same. "^ Mycelium of Eurotium. bearing a conidial hypha (to riglit, above), a commencing fruit (to left), and a ripe ascus-fr Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG1RDM/the-natural-history-of-plants-their-forms-growth-reproduction-and-distribution-botany-thallophyta-1-cordycepb-taylori-a-pyrenomycetous-fiirgu-which-attacks-caterpillars-the-branched-antler-like-stroma-has-developed-rfrom-the-sclerotlum-and-its-lower-warted-portion-bears-the-perithecia-2-three-perithecia-enlarged-3-a-perithecium-in-section-two-asci-containing-filamentous-spores-vertical-section-of-a-perithecium-of-xylaria-hypoxylon-6-ascus-of-same-quot-mycelium-of-eurotium-bearing-a-conidial-hypha-to-riglit-above-a-commencing-fruit-to-left-and-a-ripe-ascus-fr-PG1RDM.jpg ". The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. THALLOPHYTA,. 1 CordycepB Taylori, a pyrenomycetous Fiirgu which attacks caterpillars; the branched antler-like stroma has developed rfrom the sclerotlum, and its lower warted portion bears the perithecia. 2 Three perithecia; enlarged. 3 a perithecium in section. * Two asci containing filamentous spores. » Vertical section of a perithecium of Xylaria Hypoxylon. 6 Ascus of same. "^ Mycelium of Eurotium. bearing a conidial hypha (to riglit, above), a commencing fruit (to left), and a ripe ascus-fr Stock Photo")
RMPG1RDM–. The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. THALLOPHYTA,. 1 CordycepB Taylori, a pyrenomycetous Fiirgu which attacks caterpillars; the branched antler-like stroma has developed rfrom the sclerotlum, and its lower warted portion bears the perithecia. 2 Three perithecia; enlarged. 3 a perithecium in section. * Two asci containing filamentous spores. » Vertical section of a perithecium of Xylaria Hypoxylon. 6 Ascus of same. "^ Mycelium of Eurotium. bearing a conidial hypha (to riglit, above), a commencing fruit (to left), and a ripe ascus-fr
RMMCK68Y–. Fio. 138.—Sclerotinia -megalospora on Vaceinimn vMginosum. Partially withered leaf with a white conidial cushion on the mid rib. A, Conidial chains produced on a mycelium, resulting from an artificial culture of ascospores in plum-solution. B, Isolated conidium with remains of disjunctors still attached. C, Twig with upper mummified berry. E, Ascospores ; one in its gelatinous envelope, the other giving off a germ-tube and sporidia. (After Woronin.) form of its conidia, and the manner of their germination ; in the form of the sclerotium, and the absence of primordia; in the absence of rhizoi
![Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] DIDYRIELLA 209 DIDYMELLA (Sacc.) Perithecia immersed, membranaceous, asci 4-8-spored, paraphyses present; spores elongated, i-septate, hyaline. Differs from Sphaerella in having paraphyses. Orange-tree canker {Didymella ciiri., Noack) forms long canker-like v/ounds with thickened margins on the branches of orange-trees in Brazil. The first symptom of disease is the Fig. 59.— VenturiiZ pirina. i, conidial form of fungus on pear leaf; 2, conidial form of fungus on pear, causing Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/T1HJR6/diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-diseases-of-cultivated-plants-and-trees-diseasesofcultiv00massuoft-year-1910-didyriella-209-didymella-sacc-perithecia-immersed-membranaceous-asci-4-8-spored-paraphyses-present-spores-elongated-i-septate-hyaline-differs-from-sphaerella-in-having-paraphyses-orange-tree-canker-didymella-ciiri-noack-forms-long-canker-like-vounds-with-thickened-margins-on-the-branches-of-orange-trees-in-brazil-the-first-symptom-of-disease-is-the-fig-59-venturiiz-pirina-i-conidial-form-of-fungus-on-pear-leaf-2-conidial-form-of-fungus-on-pear-causing-T1HJR6.jpg "Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] DIDYRIELLA 209 DIDYMELLA (Sacc.) Perithecia immersed, membranaceous, asci 4-8-spored, paraphyses present; spores elongated, i-septate, hyaline. Differs from Sphaerella in having paraphyses. Orange-tree canker {Didymella ciiri., Noack) forms long canker-like v/ounds with thickened margins on the branches of orange-trees in Brazil. The first symptom of disease is the Fig. 59.— VenturiiZ pirina. i, conidial form of fungus on pear leaf; 2, conidial form of fungus on pear, causing Stock Photo")
RMT1HJR6–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] DIDYRIELLA 209 DIDYMELLA (Sacc.) Perithecia immersed, membranaceous, asci 4-8-spored, paraphyses present; spores elongated, i-septate, hyaline. Differs from Sphaerella in having paraphyses. Orange-tree canker {Didymella ciiri., Noack) forms long canker-like v/ounds with thickened margins on the branches of orange-trees in Brazil. The first symptom of disease is the Fig. 59.— VenturiiZ pirina. i, conidial form of fungus on pear leaf; 2, conidial form of fungus on pear, causing
RM2CDCD78–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . 1-18. figs. i-g. 1905. Two important fungous diseases popularly known as apple andpear scab have received at the hands of both mycologists and horticulturists considerableattention within the pastthirty years. The fungicausing these diseases arevery closely related, al-though quite generally re-ferred to two distinctspecies. The conidial formof each of these fungi wasfirst found parasitic uponits respective host; hencethese fungi have long beenknown by the names ofthese conidial forms, Fiisi-cladium deii
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 270 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT' DISEASE 3-4 fi, elliptic, guttulate; setae present, but almost obscured by the spore mass. The ascigerous stage was demonstrated by Stoneman ^'" from pure culture studies. The conidial stage was described by Hal- sted ^" as the cause of a blighting of orchid leaves (Sobralia) in New Jersey. Various hosts are orchids, Sarracenia, rubber plant, Dracaena --* and Anthurium.^^^. Fig. 199.âG. rufomaculans, acerv'ulus showing conidia, conidiophores and setae. After HasseLbring. G. rubicola (Ston. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG46B4/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-270-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-3-4-fi-elliptic-guttulate-setae-present-but-almost-obscured-by-the-spore-mass-the-ascigerous-stage-was-demonstrated-by-stoneman-quot-from-pure-culture-studies-the-conidial-stage-was-described-by-hal-sted-quot-as-the-cause-of-a-blighting-of-orchid-leaves-sobralia-in-new-jersey-various-hosts-are-orchids-sarracenia-rubber-plant-dracaena-and-anthurium-fig-199g-rufomaculans-acervulus-showing-conidia-conidiophores-and-setae-after-hasselbring-g-rubicola-ston-PG46B4.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 270 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT' DISEASE 3-4 fi, elliptic, guttulate; setae present, but almost obscured by the spore mass. The ascigerous stage was demonstrated by Stoneman ^'" from pure culture studies. The conidial stage was described by Hal- sted ^" as the cause of a blighting of orchid leaves (Sobralia) in New Jersey. Various hosts are orchids, Sarracenia, rubber plant, Dracaena --* and Anthurium.^^^. Fig. 199.âG. rufomaculans, acerv'ulus showing conidia, conidiophores and setae. After HasseLbring. G. rubicola (Ston. Stock Photo")
RMPG46B4–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 270 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT' DISEASE 3-4 fi, elliptic, guttulate; setae present, but almost obscured by the spore mass. The ascigerous stage was demonstrated by Stoneman ^'" from pure culture studies. The conidial stage was described by Hal- sted ^" as the cause of a blighting of orchid leaves (Sobralia) in New Jersey. Various hosts are orchids, Sarracenia, rubber plant, Dracaena --* and Anthurium.^^^. Fig. 199.âG. rufomaculans, acerv'ulus showing conidia, conidiophores and setae. After HasseLbring. G. rubicola (Ston.
![. Fig. 312.— Ventv.rin (Fusicladium) dendriticum forming brown .spots on an apple ; those still in the earlier stages have a radiate margin and bear conidia. The enlarged section shows two rows of large-celled parenchyma of the apple, covered bv a stroma of pseudoparenchyma bearing conidiophores and conidia. (v. Tubeu'f del.) F. pirinum (Lib.) (U.S. America). This is a cause of " spotting" on leaves and fruits of the pear, also of species of Crataegus and Amektnchia The conidial patclies are brownish in colour. Peglion states that this parasite forms sclerotia in the bark of twigs. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCK66E/fig-312-ventvrin-fusicladium-dendriticum-forming-brown-spots-on-an-apple-those-still-in-the-earlier-stages-have-a-radiate-margin-and-bear-conidia-the-enlarged-section-shows-two-rows-of-large-celled-parenchyma-of-the-apple-covered-bv-a-stroma-of-pseudoparenchyma-bearing-conidiophores-and-conidia-v-tubeuf-del-f-pirinum-lib-us-america-this-is-a-cause-of-quot-spottingquot-on-leaves-and-fruits-of-the-pear-also-of-species-of-crataegus-and-amektnchia-the-conidial-patclies-are-brownish-in-colour-peglion-states-that-this-parasite-forms-sclerotia-in-the-bark-of-twigs-MCK66E.jpg ". Fig. 312.— Ventv.rin (Fusicladium) dendriticum forming brown .spots on an apple ; those still in the earlier stages have a radiate margin and bear conidia. The enlarged section shows two rows of large-celled parenchyma of the apple, covered bv a stroma of pseudoparenchyma bearing conidiophores and conidia. (v. Tubeu'f del.) F. pirinum (Lib.) (U.S. America). This is a cause of " spotting" on leaves and fruits of the pear, also of species of Crataegus and Amektnchia The conidial patclies are brownish in colour. Peglion states that this parasite forms sclerotia in the bark of twigs. Stock Photo")
RMMCK66E–. Fig. 312.— Ventv.rin (Fusicladium) dendriticum forming brown .spots on an apple ; those still in the earlier stages have a radiate margin and bear conidia. The enlarged section shows two rows of large-celled parenchyma of the apple, covered bv a stroma of pseudoparenchyma bearing conidiophores and conidia. (v. Tubeu'f del.) F. pirinum (Lib.) (U.S. America). This is a cause of " spotting" on leaves and fruits of the pear, also of species of Crataegus and Amektnchia The conidial patclies are brownish in colour. Peglion states that this parasite forms sclerotia in the bark of twigs.
RMT1J02D–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 488 FUNGI IMPKRFECTI, Faded spots appear on the leaves, becoming later greyish brown dotted over with minute black points, the conidial patches.' C. ampelinum (!av. causes little dry spots on the leaves of vine, fre- quently ill such numbers that the whole leaf dries up. C. kentiae Hals, attacks palm-seedlings so tiiat their leaves do not unfold. C. cyclameneae Hals, occurs on Cyclamen. Scoleco-Allaxt
RM2CDCCR6–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . PORIUM: OTHER SPECIES Cladosporium Cucumerinum Ell. and Arth. This fungus, likemany other species of the genus, is occasionally parasitic. It occurs upon melons, producingsunken spots on the fruit,and sometimes on thestems. This trouble is ap-parent, as a rule, only dur-ing very moist weather,and under such circum-stances the conidial stageof the fungus is developedabundantly over the af-fected areas, which ap-pear olivaceous in color (Fig. 135). Cladosporium fulvum Cke. Leaf mold of tomato. This fungus
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 267 The mycelium hibernates in limb cankers and in mummified fruit.=^^ It is impossible morphologically to distinguish the conidial stages of many species of Glceosporium and CoUetotrichum grow- ing on a great variety of hosts, and much inoculation work has been done to ascertain the relationships existing between these many forms. Thus the author -"*" in Dr. Halsted's laboratory made inoculations as indicated in Fig. 367. Southworth cross inoculated a Glceosporium from grape to apple a Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG46BJ/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-267-the-mycelium-hibernates-in-limb-cankers-and-in-mummified-fruit=-it-is-impossible-morphologically-to-distinguish-the-conidial-stages-of-many-species-of-glceosporium-and-couetotrichum-grow-ing-on-a-great-variety-of-hosts-and-much-inoculation-work-has-been-done-to-ascertain-the-relationships-existing-between-these-many-forms-thus-the-author-quotquot-in-dr-halsteds-laboratory-made-inoculations-as-indicated-in-fig-367-southworth-cross-inoculated-a-glceosporium-from-grape-to-apple-a-PG46BJ.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 267 The mycelium hibernates in limb cankers and in mummified fruit.=^^ It is impossible morphologically to distinguish the conidial stages of many species of Glceosporium and CoUetotrichum grow- ing on a great variety of hosts, and much inoculation work has been done to ascertain the relationships existing between these many forms. Thus the author -"*" in Dr. Halsted's laboratory made inoculations as indicated in Fig. 367. Southworth cross inoculated a Glceosporium from grape to apple a Stock Photo")
RMPG46BJ–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 267 The mycelium hibernates in limb cankers and in mummified fruit.=^^ It is impossible morphologically to distinguish the conidial stages of many species of Glceosporium and CoUetotrichum grow- ing on a great variety of hosts, and much inoculation work has been done to ascertain the relationships existing between these many forms. Thus the author -"*" in Dr. Halsted's laboratory made inoculations as indicated in Fig. 367. Southworth cross inoculated a Glceosporium from grape to apple a
RMMCK695–. Fig. ISe.—Sclerotinia oxycocci on Vacciniimi Oxycoccv.s. Young shoot of Cran- berry with mature conidial cushion and diseased upper leaves. A, Feziza-cxn^ developed from a sclerotial fruit; numerous rhizoids proceed from the base of the stalk. B. Ascospores in stages of germination. C, Conidia in germination, witli remains of di.sjunctors still attached. (After Woronin.) to several primordia or horn-like stalks, on the extremity of which an apothecium is afterwards formed. Rhizoids are pro- duced at the base of the stalk and attaching themselves to the ground act as supports and organs of nu
RMT1JJ31–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 488 FUNGI IMPERFECTI. Faded spots appear on the leaves, becoming later greyish brown dotted over with minute black points, the conidial patches. C. ampelinum Cav. causes little dry spots on the leaves of vine, fie- quentjy in such numbers that the whole leaf dries up. C. kentiae Hals, attacks palm-seedlings so that their leaves do not unfold. C. cyclameneae Hals
![. The Gardeners' chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects . ivfFj.J Fig. do.—plant of piiytophthora infestans showing the conidial stage. (Highly magnified.) verrucose keels. Micholitz describes the plant asgrowing in dense tufts, the leaves as glaueons>the sepals and petals as white, the front lobe of. Fig. in.—winter-hot (nectbia solani!Showing outward appearance. Natural size.) April 23, 1904.] THE GARD ENER S CHR ONI CL E. 259 the lip reddish - orange, the side lobes palecinnabar to carmine, and the disc and basalparts of the lip and column as general Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2CDWY96/the-gardeners-chronicle-a-weekly-illustrated-journal-of-horticulture-and-allied-subjects-ivffjj-fig-doplant-of-piiytophthora-infestans-showing-the-conidial-stage-highly-magnified-verrucose-keels-micholitz-describes-the-plant-asgrowing-in-dense-tufts-the-leaves-as-glaueonsgtthe-sepals-and-petals-as-white-the-front-lobe-of-fig-inwinter-hot-nectbia-solani!showing-outward-appearance-natural-size-april-23-1904-the-gard-ener-s-chr-oni-cl-e-259-the-lip-reddish-orange-the-side-lobes-palecinnabar-to-carmine-and-the-disc-and-basalparts-of-the-lip-and-column-as-general-2CDWY96.jpg ". The Gardeners' chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects . ivfFj.J Fig. do.—plant of piiytophthora infestans showing the conidial stage. (Highly magnified.) verrucose keels. Micholitz describes the plant asgrowing in dense tufts, the leaves as glaueons>the sepals and petals as white, the front lobe of. Fig. in.—winter-hot (nectbia solani!Showing outward appearance. Natural size.) April 23, 1904.] THE GARD ENER S CHR ONI CL E. 259 the lip reddish - orange, the side lobes palecinnabar to carmine, and the disc and basalparts of the lip and column as general Stock Photo")
RM2CDWY96–. The Gardeners' chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects . ivfFj.J Fig. do.—plant of piiytophthora infestans showing the conidial stage. (Highly magnified.) verrucose keels. Micholitz describes the plant asgrowing in dense tufts, the leaves as glaueons>the sepals and petals as white, the front lobe of. Fig. in.—winter-hot (nectbia solani!Showing outward appearance. Natural size.) April 23, 1904.] THE GARD ENER S CHR ONI CL E. 259 the lip reddish - orange, the side lobes palecinnabar to carmine, and the disc and basalparts of the lip and column as general
RMPG4DF1–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. APPENDIX VII 713. Fig. 253.—Penicillium atramentosum. a, b, c, d, branching of conidial fructifica- tions showing unequal length of branching; e, /, conidiiferous cell and chain of co- nidiospores; g, h, j, sketches of conidial fructifications; i, conidiospores; m, n, o, r, germination of spores. (After Thorn.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may
RMMCK5E7–. Fio. 138.—Sclerotinia megalospora on Voxcinium vMginosum. Partiallj' withered leaf with a white conidial cushion on the mid rib. A, Conidial chains produced on a mycelium, resulting from an artificial culture of ascospores in plum-solution. B, Isolated conidium with remains of disjuiictors still attached. C, Twig with upper mummified berry. E, Ascospores ; one in its gelatinous envelope, the other giving off a germ-tube and sporidia. (After Woronin.) form of its conidia, and the manner of their germination; in the form of the sclerotium, and the absence of primordia; in the absence of rhizoi
RMT1H0N0–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 Fig. 111.âAglaospora ialeola. Portion of cortex with embedded stromata. fi, Corky layer; h, after removal of corky layer; c, section of stroma. { x .) (After Hartig.) :mr'='-'''-5 â r. Fig. 112.âSection of stroma oi Aglaospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - mycelium; 6, sclerenchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cushion ; d, union
RM2CDWY1J–. The Gardeners' chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects . burst through the skm of the Potato and formed fruit on the surface. Slichtly magnified. b. First form oi conidial fruit (MoDosporiumt. Highly magnified. Second conidial form of fruit (Fusarium). Highly magnified (the conidia are usua Iv only ::-septate instead of 5-septate as >hown).D. A Fusaiium snore, germinatiue and producing a third iorm oi truit (Cephalosporiiini!. Highly magnified,i A-eigerous form of fruit (Sectria), developing on the pustule that previously bore the conidial forms of fru
RMPG4G79–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. FiQ. 159.—^A single perithecium of A. vaccinii taken from a pure culture on corn meal. After Shear. Fig. 160.—Acan- thorhynchus; a germinating as- cospore bearing the peculiar appressorium, 17, view from above. After Shear. old fallen leaves. In culture, however, it produces abundant peri- thecia. When on the leaf the perithecia are subepidermal and are sparsely scattered over the lower surface. No conidial or pycnidial form is known. Remarkable appressoria are produced by the germ tubes from the spores, Fig. 160. Sphseriacese (p.
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