Hyphae in fungi hi-res stock photography and images - Page 15

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. FIG. 175. Tktlidium minutulum. A perithecium on the thallus; a groups of Algae, FIG. 176. vd CystocoUus tbe- m the part of the thallus without Algae spreading in the substratum, fi the perithecium Hetts, Thw. a extremity of a branch cut through the middle, represented diagrammatically and slightly magnified. B a group seen from without. 6 a similar one of Algae with hyphae growing round them, magn. 480 times. Afler Stahi. in optical longitudinal section; x the Algae; Stock Photo

RMRDCEN4–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. FIG. 175. Tktlidium minutulum. A perithecium on the thallus; a groups of Algae, FIG. 176. vd CystocoUus tbe- m the part of the thallus without Algae spreading in the substratum, fi the perithecium Hetts, Thw. a extremity of a branch cut through the middle, represented diagrammatically and slightly magnified. B a group seen from without. 6 a similar one of Algae with hyphae growing round them, magn. 480 times. Afler Stahi. in optical longitudinal section; x the Algae;

microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia Stock Photo

RF2TBY8XK–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 268 DEVELOPMENT OF PHALLALES They differ chiefly from the puffballs in that the spore-bearing cavities are surrounded by tougher hyphae. Consequently, when the periderm of these Httle cup-shaped bgdies opens, these tougher parts appear as minute eggs in a nest (Fig. 177, B). 100. Order f. Phallales or Stink Horns.—^These fungi first appear as egg-like structures on rather coarse strands of the mycehum which traverse decaying vegetation. These bodies consist of a white skin-Hke periderm which encloses a stipe and. < is h ^ J A Fig. 178. A common f Stock Photo

RMRDWFKN–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 268 DEVELOPMENT OF PHALLALES They differ chiefly from the puffballs in that the spore-bearing cavities are surrounded by tougher hyphae. Consequently, when the periderm of these Httle cup-shaped bgdies opens, these tougher parts appear as minute eggs in a nest (Fig. 177, B). 100. Order f. Phallales or Stink Horns.—^These fungi first appear as egg-like structures on rather coarse strands of the mycehum which traverse decaying vegetation. These bodies consist of a white skin-Hke periderm which encloses a stipe and. < is h ^ J A Fig. 178. A common f

RF2TBY0T3–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Nature and development of plants. Botany. Fig. 174. Cluster of common puffballs, Lycoperdon. At left three older ones have opened, permitting discharge of basidiospores. ' fungi are developed, as in the Agaricales, on strands of the mycelium, which often form extensive net-like threads in rot- ten stumps, logs, sawdust and humus (Fig. 174). The puffballs vary in size from a pea to over a foot in diameter. When young, they consist of white cheesy masses of hyphae which form in. Fig. 175. Diagram of a section of one of the puffballs, showing the thick skin of periderm and the irregular cavitie Stock Photo

RMRDWFM8–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. Fig. 174. Cluster of common puffballs, Lycoperdon. At left three older ones have opened, permitting discharge of basidiospores. ' fungi are developed, as in the Agaricales, on strands of the mycelium, which often form extensive net-like threads in rot- ten stumps, logs, sawdust and humus (Fig. 174). The puffballs vary in size from a pea to over a foot in diameter. When young, they consist of white cheesy masses of hyphae which form in. Fig. 175. Diagram of a section of one of the puffballs, showing the thick skin of periderm and the irregular cavitie

RF2TBYGPG–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 284 USTILAGINEAE. formation of conidia ensues; the conidia multiply in a yeast- like manner, and only grow out as hyphae on exhaustion of nutritive material. Infection takes place on seedling-plants. Kiihn cultivated this species on Sorghum saccharatum and S. vulgare, and suggests that a common disease of Durra in South Africa may be caused by this parasite. Ust. sorghi (Link.) {Ust. Tulasnei Kiihn) (U.S. America): Stock Photo

RMRDD84H–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 284 USTILAGINEAE. formation of conidia ensues; the conidia multiply in a yeast- like manner, and only grow out as hyphae on exhaustion of nutritive material. Infection takes place on seedling-plants. Kiihn cultivated this species on Sorghum saccharatum and S. vulgare, and suggests that a common disease of Durra in South Africa may be caused by this parasite. Ust. sorghi (Link.) {Ust. Tulasnei Kiihn) (U.S. America):

RF2TBYN8X–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 71.—Basidiobolus ranarum. Development of zygospores. 1. Nuclei resting in the beaks with a pore already formed between the latter. 2. Completed plasmogamy. 3. Mature zygospores. (X 990; after Fairchild, 1897.) above and below, rostrate processes which approach and develop approxi- mately to one-half the cross section of the sporiferous hyphae (Fig. 71, 1). Both nuclei migrate into the beak and divide. Each daughter nucleus, cut off at the tip by a more or less marked septum, degenerates. Both other nuclei migrate basipetally. Meanwhile a pore is f Stock Photo

RMREE3M7–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 71.—Basidiobolus ranarum. Development of zygospores. 1. Nuclei resting in the beaks with a pore already formed between the latter. 2. Completed plasmogamy. 3. Mature zygospores. (X 990; after Fairchild, 1897.) above and below, rostrate processes which approach and develop approxi- mately to one-half the cross section of the sporiferous hyphae (Fig. 71, 1). Both nuclei migrate into the beak and divide. Each daughter nucleus, cut off at the tip by a more or less marked septum, degenerates. Both other nuclei migrate basipetally. Meanwhile a pore is f

RF2TBYCMM–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 201 M. stysanophora Mat. is said to be an ascigerous stage of Dematophora glonierata, cf. p. 230, so injurious to the grape. Nectria Fries (p. 197) Stroma absent or tubercular, fleshy, bright colored; perithecia single, or gregarious, on or in the stroma or among cottony hyphae, globose or ovate, walls fleshy, yellow, red or brown, smooth or hairy; ostiole papillate or not; asci cylindric or clavate, 8-spored; spores elongate blunt or pointed, hyaline, rarely red, 2-celled, form- ing conidia in t Stock Photo

RMRDDBMH–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 201 M. stysanophora Mat. is said to be an ascigerous stage of Dematophora glonierata, cf. p. 230, so injurious to the grape. Nectria Fries (p. 197) Stroma absent or tubercular, fleshy, bright colored; perithecia single, or gregarious, on or in the stroma or among cottony hyphae, globose or ovate, walls fleshy, yellow, red or brown, smooth or hairy; ostiole papillate or not; asci cylindric or clavate, 8-spored; spores elongate blunt or pointed, hyaline, rarely red, 2-celled, form- ing conidia in t

RF2TBYG4X–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 552 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI delicate, pure white, secondary mycelia, which become binucleate by extensive clamp formation. In the basidium, after the first division of. Fig. 370.—Phleogena faginea. 1. Mature fructification. 2. Section of young fructi- fication forming the peridium. 3. Section of peridium with basidia below. 4. Loosely intertwined hyphae with basidia. (1 X 10; 2 X 16; 4 X 500; after Brefeld, 1888.) the fusion nucleus, a wall is formed before the second division. Each of the four cells of the basidium produces a single uninucleat Stock Photo

RMREF64D–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 552 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI delicate, pure white, secondary mycelia, which become binucleate by extensive clamp formation. In the basidium, after the first division of. Fig. 370.—Phleogena faginea. 1. Mature fructification. 2. Section of young fructi- fication forming the peridium. 3. Section of peridium with basidia below. 4. Loosely intertwined hyphae with basidia. (1 X 10; 2 X 16; 4 X 500; after Brefeld, 1888.) the fusion nucleus, a wall is formed before the second division. Each of the four cells of the basidium produces a single uninucleat

RF2TBY6MD–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 279.—Gloeocystidivm clavuligerum. Fig. 280.—Epithele Typhae. Section of Section of hymenium showing basidia and hymenium showing a peg of hyphae. gloeocystidia. (X 385; after Hoehnel and (X 255; after Hoehnel and Litschaucr, 1906.) Litschauer, 1906.) Coniophora cerebella develops very thick (often 0.5 mm.) crusts, at first fleshy and membranous, later dry and brittle. This species is as important a cause of dry rot of coniferous timber in the United States as Merulius lacrymans in Europe. Corticium centrijugum, C. Stevensii and C. radiosum (C. alu Stock Photo

RMREF6BK–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 279.—Gloeocystidivm clavuligerum. Fig. 280.—Epithele Typhae. Section of Section of hymenium showing basidia and hymenium showing a peg of hyphae. gloeocystidia. (X 385; after Hoehnel and (X 255; after Hoehnel and Litschaucr, 1906.) Litschauer, 1906.) Coniophora cerebella develops very thick (often 0.5 mm.) crusts, at first fleshy and membranous, later dry and brittle. This species is as important a cause of dry rot of coniferous timber in the United States as Merulius lacrymans in Europe. Corticium centrijugum, C. Stevensii and C. radiosum (C. alu

RF2TBY5MF–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. HEMIASCOM YCETES 147 whose membrane is hyaline in youth, but appears brownish in age. Hyphal ends swell to conidia. Lateral outgrowths of hyphae form new conidia which push aside the previous ones so that finally a tuft of as many as 30 conidia is formed (Fig. 91, 1). The conidia are quite variable in size; in general the earlier ones are larger than the later. They germi- nate with germ tubes which, with liberal nourishment, grow into mycelia or, with poor nourishment, form new conidia (Fig. 91, 2.). After a time, the conidia are gradually replaced by Stock Photo

RMREF93C–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. HEMIASCOM YCETES 147 whose membrane is hyaline in youth, but appears brownish in age. Hyphal ends swell to conidia. Lateral outgrowths of hyphae form new conidia which push aside the previous ones so that finally a tuft of as many as 30 conidia is formed (Fig. 91, 1). The conidia are quite variable in size; in general the earlier ones are larger than the later. They germi- nate with germ tubes which, with liberal nourishment, grow into mycelia or, with poor nourishment, form new conidia (Fig. 91, 2.). After a time, the conidia are gradually replaced by

RF2TBY4B4–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 4. Hyphae infecting coral epidermis. Moderate infection PAS. 200X. Arrow points to infection site. Hill, NC 27514) commenting on sample slides, believed the fungus probably be- longed to the lower marine fungi. DISCUSSION Although fungi are very abundant in the marine environment (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer, 1979) and appear to be major pathogens in some higher aquatic in- -. FIGURE 5. Closer view of infecting hyphae: a) hypha proliferation in the coral epithelium, and b) misplaced zooxanthellae PAS. 400x.. Please note t Stock Photo

RMRHMYNH–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 4. Hyphae infecting coral epidermis. Moderate infection PAS. 200X. Arrow points to infection site. Hill, NC 27514) commenting on sample slides, believed the fungus probably be- longed to the lower marine fungi. DISCUSSION Although fungi are very abundant in the marine environment (Kohlmeyer and Kohlmeyer, 1979) and appear to be major pathogens in some higher aquatic in- -. FIGURE 5. Closer view of infecting hyphae: a) hypha proliferation in the coral epithelium, and b) misplaced zooxanthellae PAS. 400x.. Please note t

RF2TBXXHA–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 307.—Crucibulum vulgare. A. Habit, young and mature opened fructifications. B. Section of young fructification showing peridioles. (After Sachs, 1855.) formed of slender, compact, thin-walled hyphae, then a thin sheath of dark brown, much-thickened, coarse strands, then a true, strong, lacu- nose wall tissue, formed of thin-walled, brown hyphae and, finally, a pseudoparenchymatous layer upon which rests the hymenium. The basidia are four spored; the diploid nucleus divides twice (Fig. 309); in the basidium it begins a third division which is only Stock Photo

RMREER04–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 307.—Crucibulum vulgare. A. Habit, young and mature opened fructifications. B. Section of young fructification showing peridioles. (After Sachs, 1855.) formed of slender, compact, thin-walled hyphae, then a thin sheath of dark brown, much-thickened, coarse strands, then a true, strong, lacu- nose wall tissue, formed of thin-walled, brown hyphae and, finally, a pseudoparenchymatous layer upon which rests the hymenium. The basidia are four spored; the diploid nucleus divides twice (Fig. 309); in the basidium it begins a third division which is only

RF2TBYKTM–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 608 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE S. graminis Fcl. Spots foliicolous, elongate, ochraceous; conidiophores densely fasciculate, filiform, simple, sinuose, 90-100 x 6-8 n, subcontinuous; conidia fusoid-obclavate, 35-45 X 8-10 n, miiseptate, olive-brown. It is common, causing leaf spots on grasses, especially on Avena and Phleum. It is de- scribed on the latter by Trelease.''^ The my- celitmi collects below the stomata and pushes its tuft of hyphae through them. S. melophthorum P. & D. parasitizes melons and cucumbers in Fra Stock Photo

RMRDE50A–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 608 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE S. graminis Fcl. Spots foliicolous, elongate, ochraceous; conidiophores densely fasciculate, filiform, simple, sinuose, 90-100 x 6-8 n, subcontinuous; conidia fusoid-obclavate, 35-45 X 8-10 n, miiseptate, olive-brown. It is common, causing leaf spots on grasses, especially on Avena and Phleum. It is de- scribed on the latter by Trelease.''^ The my- celitmi collects below the stomata and pushes its tuft of hyphae through them. S. melophthorum P. & D. parasitizes melons and cucumbers in Fra

RF2TBYJ9R–microscopic fungus and microorganisms in a sample in australia

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 348.—Tremellodon gelatinosum. Habit. (Natural size; after Moller, 1895.). Fig. 349.—Hyaloria Pilacre. Habit. (Natural size; after Moller, 1895.) Sirobasidiaceae.—As an appendix, we will discuss two interesting forms whose position is still obscure. Sirobasidium Brefeldianum, on rotting wood in Brazil, forms shining, later white, gelatinous fructifica- tions up to 3 mm. in diameter. They consist of numerous, loosely tangled hyphae radiating from a single point and imbedded in a transparent gel (Fig. 350, 1). Clamps are abundant at the septa. The te Stock Photo

RMREEPFN–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 348.—Tremellodon gelatinosum. Habit. (Natural size; after Moller, 1895.). Fig. 349.—Hyaloria Pilacre. Habit. (Natural size; after Moller, 1895.) Sirobasidiaceae.—As an appendix, we will discuss two interesting forms whose position is still obscure. Sirobasidium Brefeldianum, on rotting wood in Brazil, forms shining, later white, gelatinous fructifica- tions up to 3 mm. in diameter. They consist of numerous, loosely tangled hyphae radiating from a single point and imbedded in a transparent gel (Fig. 350, 1). Clamps are abundant at the septa. The te

rotifer in a soil sample from a lake Stock Photo

RF2RG71M7–rotifer in a soil sample from a lake

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 383.—1. Coleosporium Sonchi-arvensis. Hymenium. 2. Thekopsora areolata. Tclium. 3. Melampsora Helioscopiae. Telium. (1 X 270; 2, 3 X 340; after Sappin- Trouffy, 1896.) four cells, each cutting off a basidiospore and raising it above the ruptured epidermis on a long sterigma. In Gallowaya pinicola (B. O. Dodge, 1925) there is very little inter- twining of hyphae as a preliminary to the formation of the telial sorus. The hyphae grow out through the mesophyll and form a palisade of chains of four or five uninucleated cells. The terminal cells form th Stock Photo

RMREF5WH–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 383.—1. Coleosporium Sonchi-arvensis. Hymenium. 2. Thekopsora areolata. Tclium. 3. Melampsora Helioscopiae. Telium. (1 X 270; 2, 3 X 340; after Sappin- Trouffy, 1896.) four cells, each cutting off a basidiospore and raising it above the ruptured epidermis on a long sterigma. In Gallowaya pinicola (B. O. Dodge, 1925) there is very little inter- twining of hyphae as a preliminary to the formation of the telial sorus. The hyphae grow out through the mesophyll and form a palisade of chains of four or five uninucleated cells. The terminal cells form th

RF2RG71PK–rotifer in a soil sample from a lake

. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. in] PLECTASCALES 67 In G. Candidas (fig. 27 d) the antheridium and oogonium already differ in form at the time of their union, and, in the majority of cases, appear to. Fig. 27. Gymnoascus Reesil Baran.; a. surface view of conjugating cells; b. the same in longitudinal section; t. a later stage, septate oogonium giving rise to ascogenous hyphae; Gymnoascus candithcs Eidam; d, surface view of conjugating cells; e. same in longitudinal section; all after Dale. Ctenomyces serratus Eidam; f. surface view of con- jugating cells, X400; after Ei Stock Photo

RMRDX1J7–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. in] PLECTASCALES 67 In G. Candidas (fig. 27 d) the antheridium and oogonium already differ in form at the time of their union, and, in the majority of cases, appear to. Fig. 27. Gymnoascus Reesil Baran.; a. surface view of conjugating cells; b. the same in longitudinal section; t. a later stage, septate oogonium giving rise to ascogenous hyphae; Gymnoascus candithcs Eidam; d, surface view of conjugating cells; e. same in longitudinal section; all after Dale. Ctenomyces serratus Eidam; f. surface view of con- jugating cells, X400; after Ei

RF2RG7222–rotifer in a soil sample from a lake

. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. THE FUNGI 249 (Sect. 315). The zygospore formation of bread-mold consid- erably resembles the mode of spore production in Spirogyra (Sect. 282), but the mold gametes contain many nuclei.. Fig. 174. Spore-Formation in Potato-Blight {Phytophthora infestaris), one of tHe algal fungi. A, a well-developed group of stalks, proceeding from a mass of mycelium inside the leaf and escaping through a stoma; B, a young, unbranched stalk, h, hyphae of mycehum; o, stoma; s, spore. (Both figures greatly magnified, S more than A.) It appears highly probable that such al Stock Photo

RMRDG54X–. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. THE FUNGI 249 (Sect. 315). The zygospore formation of bread-mold consid- erably resembles the mode of spore production in Spirogyra (Sect. 282), but the mold gametes contain many nuclei.. Fig. 174. Spore-Formation in Potato-Blight {Phytophthora infestaris), one of tHe algal fungi. A, a well-developed group of stalks, proceeding from a mass of mycelium inside the leaf and escaping through a stoma; B, a young, unbranched stalk, h, hyphae of mycehum; o, stoma; s, spore. (Both figures greatly magnified, S more than A.) It appears highly probable that such al

soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost Stock Photo

RF2TBXYH9–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRDC21F–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. a v^" Fig. 90.âHerpotrichia nigra, o, hyphae weav- ing a granular mycelium on the surface of the needle and forming tuber-like bodies over the stomata; rod-like haustoria are sunk into the outer walls of the epidermal cells. (After B. Hartig).. Fig. 91.âHerpotrichia nigra, Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Jiinipenis com- munis, especially in Bavarian â f

RF2TBYNGY–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 1 !â . !-;, Epk be pubescens, Fr. A i filiform thallus otStigonema with the hyphae of the Fungus growing through its gelatinous meml i ni I Ktremity of a branch of the thallus with a young lateral branch a ; h hyphae, g cells of the A the apex of the thallus After Sachs. Magn. 500 times. 1 â â .. 1;-. Ephebt pubescens, 1 r, A branched filiform ihallu* ff Sttgonema with hyphae of the Fungus growing through its gelatinous membranes, a tip of the thallus after being boiled in so Stock Photo

RMREFABN–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 1 !â . !-;, Epk be pubescens, Fr. A i filiform thallus otStigonema with the hyphae of the Fungus growing through its gelatinous meml i ni I Ktremity of a branch of the thallus with a young lateral branch a ; h hyphae, g cells of the A the apex of the thallus After Sachs. Magn. 500 times. 1 â â .. 1;-. Ephebt pubescens, 1 r, A branched filiform ihallu* ff Sttgonema with hyphae of the Fungus growing through its gelatinous membranes, a tip of the thallus after being boiled in so

RF2TBXXH2–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Cultural studies of species of Penicillium. Penicillium -- Cultures and culture media; Fungi -- Cultures and culture media. 46 CULTURAL STUDIES OF SPECIES OF PENICILLIUM. cells continuous with conidiophores 12-15 by 4/i tapering to slender sterigmata. Co- nidia somewhat pear-shaped, slightly tuberculate at apex, with broad base, 6.5-7.5 by 7.5-9/i, in mass light brown to chocolate; at first smooth, then with thick tuberculate walls, viable for many months, germinating by a single tube from the thin center of the broad base into a bulbous enlargement from which mycelial hyphae about 2/t in di Stock Photo

RMRD6T54–. Cultural studies of species of Penicillium. Penicillium -- Cultures and culture media; Fungi -- Cultures and culture media. 46 CULTURAL STUDIES OF SPECIES OF PENICILLIUM. cells continuous with conidiophores 12-15 by 4/i tapering to slender sterigmata. Co- nidia somewhat pear-shaped, slightly tuberculate at apex, with broad base, 6.5-7.5 by 7.5-9/i, in mass light brown to chocolate; at first smooth, then with thick tuberculate walls, viable for many months, germinating by a single tube from the thin center of the broad base into a bulbous enlargement from which mycelial hyphae about 2/t in di

RF2TBYA18–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRUE FUNGI 47. Fig. 13.—Details of the mycelium of Armillaria mellea. I, Piece of mycelium a slide; //, piece of old mycelium {Rhizomorpha subterranea); III, rhizomorphpro- ucing fruit bodies; IV, apex of rhizomorph capable of growth; (o) peripheral hyphae; )) pseudo-epidermis; (c) growing point; {d, e, h) pith; (h) hollow center. (/ and V after Brefeld; III, after Harlig in Zopf, Die Pilze, 1890, p. 25.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned p Stock Photo

RMRDEG5R–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRUE FUNGI 47. Fig. 13.—Details of the mycelium of Armillaria mellea. I, Piece of mycelium a slide; //, piece of old mycelium {Rhizomorpha subterranea); III, rhizomorphpro- ucing fruit bodies; IV, apex of rhizomorph capable of growth; (o) peripheral hyphae; )) pseudo-epidermis; (c) growing point; {d, e, h) pith; (h) hollow center. (/ and V after Brefeld; III, after Harlig in Zopf, Die Pilze, 1890, p. 25.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned p

RF2TBY60P–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 8SS gpes S&BSBz ^2S?5afc'Ti?5iri 'MS M- Fig. 156.—Corallomyces Iatrophae. 1. Longitudinal section. 2. Conidial fructifica- tion. 3. Coralloid conidial fructification. 4. Young perithecia and conidial gel. 5. Hypogaeous conidial fructifications on Aipim roots. (1,2X3;3, 4 X4;5 X 1^; after Holler, 1901.) which, as its name indicates, looks like an orange (Fig. 157). The context consists of a light-colored, glassy mass which is permeated by darker veins consisting of thick-walled hyphae. The perithecia are formed in the rind over the whole surface of Stock Photo

RMREF81H–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 8SS gpes S&BSBz ^2S?5afc'Ti?5iri 'MS M- Fig. 156.—Corallomyces Iatrophae. 1. Longitudinal section. 2. Conidial fructifica- tion. 3. Coralloid conidial fructification. 4. Young perithecia and conidial gel. 5. Hypogaeous conidial fructifications on Aipim roots. (1,2X3;3, 4 X4;5 X 1^; after Holler, 1901.) which, as its name indicates, looks like an orange (Fig. 157). The context consists of a light-colored, glassy mass which is permeated by darker veins consisting of thick-walled hyphae. The perithecia are formed in the rind over the whole surface of

RF2TBYCWK–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 53 foliorum innatae, ellipsoideae, long. 20—25 M^, crass. 12—16 1^ pallido- fuscae, pellucidae. (See fig. tab. I). Besides in Denmark proper this fungus has been found twice in Greenland (Lind 10 b '^°) and in Iceland (R 03 b ^^^) as well as in Sweden, Belgium and France (see Vgr. 02 ^*'^).. Fig. 1. Physoderma myriophylli (Rostrup). a and b; Resting spores with their appendicular cells; c and d: Spores germinating with hyphae; e: A spore being about the metamorphosis into sporangium; f: A sporangium exhausting the ripe zoosp Stock Photo

RMRE3960–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 53 foliorum innatae, ellipsoideae, long. 20—25 M^, crass. 12—16 1^ pallido- fuscae, pellucidae. (See fig. tab. I). Besides in Denmark proper this fungus has been found twice in Greenland (Lind 10 b '^°) and in Iceland (R 03 b ^^^) as well as in Sweden, Belgium and France (see Vgr. 02 ^*'^).. Fig. 1. Physoderma myriophylli (Rostrup). a and b; Resting spores with their appendicular cells; c and d: Spores germinating with hyphae; e: A spore being about the metamorphosis into sporangium; f: A sporangium exhausting the ripe zoosp

RF2TBY0KR–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Botany of the living plant. Botany. FUNGI INTRODUCTORY 405 origin always a false tissue, or pseudo-parenchyma, made up from mdependent filaments, not a true parenchyma produced by segmenta- tion of cells with a common origin. Many Fungi form large solid masses of such pseudo-parenchyma, which are called sclerotia, and serve for storage during a resting period (Fig. 341). The hyphae are limited by a cell-wall, composed of substance differing in its reactions from ordinary cellulose : they may be septate or non-septate, and in. Fig. 340. Base of a young tree (s) killed by ArmiHaria ntellea, wh Stock Photo

RMRDXNXJ–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. FUNGI INTRODUCTORY 405 origin always a false tissue, or pseudo-parenchyma, made up from mdependent filaments, not a true parenchyma produced by segmenta- tion of cells with a common origin. Many Fungi form large solid masses of such pseudo-parenchyma, which are called sclerotia, and serve for storage during a resting period (Fig. 341). The hyphae are limited by a cell-wall, composed of substance differing in its reactions from ordinary cellulose : they may be septate or non-septate, and in. Fig. 340. Base of a young tree (s) killed by ArmiHaria ntellea, wh

RF2TBYGPY–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 635 Stilbella Lindau (p. 633) Hyphae forming a coremium which is capitate above; conidio- phores borne on the cap; conidia small, often enclosed in shme. Over one hvmdred species chiefly saprophytes. (Commonly known as Stilbum but the type of the genus being a hymenomycete it was renamed.) S. flavida (Cke.) Kohl, causes a serious coffee disease. S. these Bern, is on tea in India. S. nanum Mas. causes the thread blight of tea. S. populi on poplar =Mycosphaerella populi. See p. 250. Rhombostilbella Stock Photo

RMRDE4WY–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 635 Stilbella Lindau (p. 633) Hyphae forming a coremium which is capitate above; conidio- phores borne on the cap; conidia small, often enclosed in shme. Over one hvmdred species chiefly saprophytes. (Commonly known as Stilbum but the type of the genus being a hymenomycete it was renamed.) S. flavida (Cke.) Kohl, causes a serious coffee disease. S. these Bern, is on tea in India. S. nanum Mas. causes the thread blight of tea. S. populi on poplar =Mycosphaerella populi. See p. 250. Rhombostilbella

RF2TBY6B9–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 368.—Hoehneliomyces delectans. 1. Head of fructification. 2. Fructification in artificial culture before formation of head. (1 X 46; 2 X 6; after Moller, 1895.) stems of Euterpe oleracea in Brazil (Moller, 1895), forms a small watery irregular knob of hyphae on the substrate. From this arises a hyaline stipe formed of parallel hyphae which grow out below in all directions, giving the stipe a hairy covering (Fig. 368, 1). At the base of the cap, the peripheral hyphae are much branched, growing outward, then bending toward each other like a calyx. T Stock Photo

RMREF64M–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 368.—Hoehneliomyces delectans. 1. Head of fructification. 2. Fructification in artificial culture before formation of head. (1 X 46; 2 X 6; after Moller, 1895.) stems of Euterpe oleracea in Brazil (Moller, 1895), forms a small watery irregular knob of hyphae on the substrate. From this arises a hyaline stipe formed of parallel hyphae which grow out below in all directions, giving the stipe a hairy covering (Fig. 368, 1). At the base of the cap, the peripheral hyphae are much branched, growing outward, then bending toward each other like a calyx. T

RF2TBY8PW–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. British fungus-flora. A classified text-book of mycology. Fungi. NEOTTIELLA. 371 margin composed of hyaline, septate, cylindrical, thin-walled hyphae that are sometimes hranched, 80-100 x 6-7 /x, the hyphae are often arranged in little bundles; excipulum parenchymatous, cells elongated in the direction from base. Neottiella polytricM. Fig. 1, small specimens, natural size;âPig. 2, specimen, x 5; Fig. 3, section of portion of excipulum, x 400;âFig. 4, aacus â with spores and paraphyses, x 400;âFig. 5, spores in various stages of development, x 800. to margin ; cortical cells irregularly polj- Stock Photo

RMRDHN17–. British fungus-flora. A classified text-book of mycology. Fungi. NEOTTIELLA. 371 margin composed of hyaline, septate, cylindrical, thin-walled hyphae that are sometimes hranched, 80-100 x 6-7 /x, the hyphae are often arranged in little bundles; excipulum parenchymatous, cells elongated in the direction from base. Neottiella polytricM. Fig. 1, small specimens, natural size;âPig. 2, specimen, x 5; Fig. 3, section of portion of excipulum, x 400;âFig. 4, aacus â with spores and paraphyses, x 400;âFig. 5, spores in various stages of development, x 800. to margin ; cortical cells irregularly polj-

RF2TBYMC3–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 606 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI the spore which collapses (Woronin, 1881). In Neovossia, from 30 to 50 or more sporidia are formed (Fig. 401, 4 and 5); they never fuse but. Fig. 401.—Neovossia Moliniae. 1. Tuft of hyphae with filamentous conidia. 2. Fila- mentous conidia germinating to falcate conidia. 3. Young smut spores. 4, 5. Germina- tion of smut spores. (1, 2 X 270; 3 X 330; 4, 5 X 240; after Brefeld, 1895.) develop to very slender mycelia which, in case the germination occurs in water, pour out their content into falcate conidia or, if the g Stock Photo

RMREF5J3–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 606 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI the spore which collapses (Woronin, 1881). In Neovossia, from 30 to 50 or more sporidia are formed (Fig. 401, 4 and 5); they never fuse but. Fig. 401.—Neovossia Moliniae. 1. Tuft of hyphae with filamentous conidia. 2. Fila- mentous conidia germinating to falcate conidia. 3. Young smut spores. 4, 5. Germina- tion of smut spores. (1, 2 X 270; 3 X 330; 4, 5 X 240; after Brefeld, 1895.) develop to very slender mycelia which, in case the germination occurs in water, pour out their content into falcate conidia or, if the g

RF2TBY5AP–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. British fungus-flora. A classified text-book of mycology. Fungi -- Great Britain. NEOTTIELLA. 371 margin composed of hyaline, septate, cylindrical, thin-walled hyphae that are sometimes branched, 80-100 x 6-7 /x, the hyphae are often arranged in little bundles; excipulum parenchymatous, cells elongated in the direction from base. Neottiella polytrichi. Fig. 1, small specimens, natural size;—Fig. 2, specimen, X 5; Fig. 3, section of portion of excipulum, x 400 ;—Fig. 4, ascus with spores and paraphyses, x 400;—Fig. 5, spores in various stages of development, x 800. to margin ; cortical cells Stock Photo

RMRH1MNA–. British fungus-flora. A classified text-book of mycology. Fungi -- Great Britain. NEOTTIELLA. 371 margin composed of hyaline, septate, cylindrical, thin-walled hyphae that are sometimes branched, 80-100 x 6-7 /x, the hyphae are often arranged in little bundles; excipulum parenchymatous, cells elongated in the direction from base. Neottiella polytrichi. Fig. 1, small specimens, natural size;—Fig. 2, specimen, X 5; Fig. 3, section of portion of excipulum, x 400 ;—Fig. 4, ascus with spores and paraphyses, x 400;—Fig. 5, spores in various stages of development, x 800. to margin ; cortical cells

RF2TBYN5K–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 105.—Septoria leaf spot disease of celery, or celery blight. (After Coons, G. N., and Levin, Ezra, Spec. Bull. 77, Mich. Agric. Coll. Exper. Stat., March. 1916. 5P0BES . Fig. 106.—Section through leaf spot of celery blight {Septoria) showing hyphae) in leaf tissue and pycnidium with exuding pycnospores. (After Coons, G. H., and Levin, Ezra, Spec. Bull. 77. Mich. Agric. Coll. Exper. Stat., March, 1916.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may h Stock Photo

RMRDE23N–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 105.—Septoria leaf spot disease of celery, or celery blight. (After Coons, G. N., and Levin, Ezra, Spec. Bull. 77, Mich. Agric. Coll. Exper. Stat., March. 1916. 5P0BES . Fig. 106.—Section through leaf spot of celery blight {Septoria) showing hyphae) in leaf tissue and pycnidium with exuding pycnospores. (After Coons, G. H., and Levin, Ezra, Spec. Bull. 77. Mich. Agric. Coll. Exper. Stat., March, 1916.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may h

RF2TBYEJM–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 496 THE FUNGT WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Asteroma De Candolle (p. 482) Pycnidia very small, globose, erumpent, often on a mass of hyphae; conidia ovate or short cylindric. In part =Gnomonia. See p' 274. About forty species chiefly parasitic. A. padi (D. C.) Grev. on Prunus=Gnomonia padicola. See p. 275. A. geographicum (D. C.) Desm. occurs on various species of Pomaceae; A. punctiforme Berk, on the rose; A. stuhlmanni Hen. on bananas and pineapples in Africa. A. codisei All. is said to be a serious parasite of Codiseum.^^ Vermicular Stock Photo

RMRDE5CD–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 496 THE FUNGT WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Asteroma De Candolle (p. 482) Pycnidia very small, globose, erumpent, often on a mass of hyphae; conidia ovate or short cylindric. In part =Gnomonia. See p' 274. About forty species chiefly parasitic. A. padi (D. C.) Grev. on Prunus=Gnomonia padicola. See p. 275. A. geographicum (D. C.) Desm. occurs on various species of Pomaceae; A. punctiforme Berk, on the rose; A. stuhlmanni Hen. on bananas and pineapples in Africa. A. codisei All. is said to be a serious parasite of Codiseum.^^ Vermicular

RF2TBY3H8–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 401.—Neovossia Moliniae. 1. Tuft of hyphae with filamentous conidia. 2. Fila- mentous conidia germinating to falcate conidia. 3. Young smut spores. 4, 5. Germina- tion of smut spores. (1, 2 X 270; 3 X 330; 4, 5 X 240; after Brefeld, 1895.) develop to very slender mycelia which, in case the germination occurs in water, pour out their content into falcate conidia or, if the germination. Fig. 402.— Tuburcinia Ranunculi. 1 to 3. Development of a spore ball with fertile and sterile cells. 5 to 9. Germination of smut spores. Tuburcinia Violae. 10. Binuc Stock Photo

RMREF5HX–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 401.—Neovossia Moliniae. 1. Tuft of hyphae with filamentous conidia. 2. Fila- mentous conidia germinating to falcate conidia. 3. Young smut spores. 4, 5. Germina- tion of smut spores. (1, 2 X 270; 3 X 330; 4, 5 X 240; after Brefeld, 1895.) develop to very slender mycelia which, in case the germination occurs in water, pour out their content into falcate conidia or, if the germination. Fig. 402.— Tuburcinia Ranunculi. 1 to 3. Development of a spore ball with fertile and sterile cells. 5 to 9. Germination of smut spores. Tuburcinia Violae. 10. Binuc

RF2TBYJ11–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRE3920–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 154 Glomeruli subsphaeroidei vel pulvinati, 1â3 mm diam. primo albi, dein pallidi, hyphae ramosae, intricatae, uncinatae, hyalinae, 2 ^^ cras- sae, asci botryosa-congesti, breve stipitati, 8â9 1^ diam., sphaeroidei, sporae subglobosae, hyalinae, octonae, 3,5â4,5 1^ diam. 1 guttulatae. In ossibus Rheae americanae. S. Landbohejskolen (May 96 & April 97 Boas). 567. Gytnnoascus flavus Klecker 02 c. icon., Syll. XVIII ^^^. On Lucilia Caesar. S. GI. Carlsberg March 00. 568. Myxotrichum. Myxotrichum brunneum R 95 a ^"^ c.

RF2TBY4GY–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 75 124. Entomophtora aphrophorae Rostrup 96 m ^'^^ c. fig. Hyphae &. conidia hyalinae v. dilute fuscidulae; hyphae 8â10 M cr., guttulatae; rhizoid. ambitulonge exstant., ramos.; hyphae conidiophorae sursum incrassatae; conidia fusoideo-oblonga, 16â18 1^ X 7â8 K 1- guttulata. Sporae perdurantes ignotae. Â«55^. Fig. *â Entomophtora aphrophorae Rostrup. 1. Aphrophora spumarea (slightly enlarged). 2. Rhizoides (X 100). 3. Hyphe (X 600). 4. Conidiophores (X 800). 5. Conidies (X 800). Aphrophora spumaria. J. Saeby, Gudenaa (F. Stock Photo

RMRE3953–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 75 124. Entomophtora aphrophorae Rostrup 96 m ^'^^ c. fig. Hyphae &. conidia hyalinae v. dilute fuscidulae; hyphae 8â10 M cr., guttulatae; rhizoid. ambitulonge exstant., ramos.; hyphae conidiophorae sursum incrassatae; conidia fusoideo-oblonga, 16â18 1^ X 7â8 K 1- guttulata. Sporae perdurantes ignotae. Â«55^. Fig. *â Entomophtora aphrophorae Rostrup. 1. Aphrophora spumarea (slightly enlarged). 2. Rhizoides (X 100). 3. Hyphe (X 600). 4. Conidiophores (X 800). 5. Conidies (X 800). Aphrophora spumaria. J. Saeby, Gudenaa (F.

RF2TBY8BX–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

$. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. APPENDIX Vn 717 i. Surface hyphx woven floccose, course of hj^hae not traceable. 1. Gray-green, long conidiopbores, no odor. P. Camemberti (Fig. 245). 2. Gray-green, shorter conidiopbores, strong odor. P. biforme (Fig. 257).. Fig. 258.—Penicillium commune, u, b, c, d, e, Conidial fructification with conidio- spores; /, g, ft, j, k, I, sketches of fructifications in various stages. {After Thorn.) a. Surface growth at margin simple conidiophores, in older parts both floccose hyphae and co Stock Photo$

RMRDET4W–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. APPENDIX Vn 717 i. Surface hyphx woven floccose, course of hj^hae not traceable. 1. Gray-green, long conidiopbores, no odor. P. Camemberti (Fig. 245). 2. Gray-green, shorter conidiopbores, strong odor. P. biforme (Fig. 257).. Fig. 258.—Penicillium commune, u, b, c, d, e, Conidial fructification with conidio- spores; /, g, ft, j, k, I, sketches of fructifications in various stages. {After Thorn.) a. Surface growth at margin simple conidiophores, in older parts both floccose hyphae and co

RF2TBXYPN–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 128 MYCOLOGY. Fig. 41.—9, Vegetative hyphae giving rise to storage cell; 10, paraphyses grow- ing out from storage cells; 11—14, fusion of nuclei in storage cell; 15. 16, nucleus with two nucleoli in storage cell; 17, large storage cell with single very large nucleus; 18, storage cell with very irregularly shaped nucleus; 19, storage cell containing one large and two small nuclei; 20, an irregularly shaped storage cell; 21, 22, tip of as- cogenous hypha with two nuclei; 23, two nuclei i Stock Photo

RMRDEFR4–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 128 MYCOLOGY. Fig. 41.—9, Vegetative hyphae giving rise to storage cell; 10, paraphyses grow- ing out from storage cells; 11—14, fusion of nuclei in storage cell; 15. 16, nucleus with two nucleoli in storage cell; 17, large storage cell with single very large nucleus; 18, storage cell with very irregularly shaped nucleus; 19, storage cell containing one large and two small nuclei; 20, an irregularly shaped storage cell; 21, 22, tip of as- cogenous hypha with two nuclei; 23, two nuclei i

RF2TBYE6R–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Hawaiian Fungi. Fungi. 70 Bernice P. Bishop Museum—Bulletin No. 92. Seynesiopeltis tetraplasandrae Stevens and Ryan n. sp. Epiphyllous, colonies 1-2 mm. in diameter, irregularly scattered, often confluent, numerous. The fungus body circular, composed of radiating hyphae, septate, branch- ing, olive-green, 5 n thick, bearing black, disk-shaped perithecia, 113-227^ in dia- meter. Asci 8-spored, spatulate, non-paraphysate, 169-180 X 36-45 /*. Spores green- brown, ovate, one septate, 21-43 X 12-18 m, the lower cell about one and one-half times as large as' the upper. Colony bearing black setae, Stock Photo

RMRPY25W–. Hawaiian Fungi. Fungi. 70 Bernice P. Bishop Museum—Bulletin No. 92. Seynesiopeltis tetraplasandrae Stevens and Ryan n. sp. Epiphyllous, colonies 1-2 mm. in diameter, irregularly scattered, often confluent, numerous. The fungus body circular, composed of radiating hyphae, septate, branch- ing, olive-green, 5 n thick, bearing black, disk-shaped perithecia, 113-227^ in dia- meter. Asci 8-spored, spatulate, non-paraphysate, 169-180 X 36-45 /*. Spores green- brown, ovate, one septate, 21-43 X 12-18 m, the lower cell about one and one-half times as large as' the upper. Colony bearing black setae,

RF2TBY3NG–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. CI f^ ktfuj 'â¢'â â '/â â "" Â»;,*;..- f'* *.. â â "â Mi &$j i&-:^ â m .*Â»â¢â¢â -V ivS- :Â£>;;: v& *w*. â¢ / fi ift i! ?4; â M | ft :.;-^ J" â .'****.: 'â i':**',' :â " i t -â : *" r*-*' â¢' Y â -l r<^-... W-. Fig. 123.âSphacrotheca Humuli. Development of conidiophore. (X830; after Foex, 1913.) conidia are cut off singly, in the ectoparasitic forms they arise in chains (Foex, 1912, 1913; Bezsonov, 1913). In the first type, Leveillula taurica (Fig. 122), the hyphae collect in the substomatal cavity to Stock Photo

RMREF8EM–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. CI f^ ktfuj 'â¢'â â '/â â "" Â»;,*;..- f'* *.. â â "â Mi &$j i&-:^ â m .*Â»â¢â¢â -V ivS- :Â£>;;: v& *w*. â¢ / fi ift i! ?4; â M | ft :.;-^ J" â .'****.: 'â i':**',' :â " i t -â : *" r*-*' â¢' Y â -l r<^-... W-. Fig. 123.âSphacrotheca Humuli. Development of conidiophore. (X830; after Foex, 1913.) conidia are cut off singly, in the ectoparasitic forms they arise in chains (Foex, 1912, 1913; Bezsonov, 1913). In the first type, Leveillula taurica (Fig. 122), the hyphae collect in the substomatal cavity to

RF2TBY1DK–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCD678–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. SPHACELOTHECA. 303 this fungus as follows : ^ " Sphacelothcca forms its compound sporophore in the ovule of its host. When the ovule is normally and fully developed in the young flower, the parasite, which always grows through the flower-stalk into the place of insertion of the ovary, sends its hyphae from the funiculus into the ovule, where they rise higher and higher and surround and penetrate its tissue to suc

RF2TBYD1A–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCC3GH–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. SPHACELOTHECA, 303 this fungus us follows:' " Sphacelotheca forms its compound sporophore in the ovule of its host. When the ovule is normally and fully developed in the young flower, the parasite, which always grows through the flower-stalk into the place of insertion of the ovary, sends its hyphae from the funiculus into the ovule, where they rise higher and higlier and surround and penetrate its tissue to such

RF2TBY241–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCC3JD–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 458 BASIDIOMYCETES. point, whereby a felted tissue, called the medulla, is produced in the interior. The outer parts of the pseudoparenchyma, on the other hand, coalesce to form the so-called rind, which when young gives off numerous delicate hyphae, and these, taking advantage of the medullary rays, penetrate the wood, and especially the resin-ducts, should such be present. In the wood the growth is upwards. This fil

RF2TBYJHA–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. SPHACELOTHECA. 30^ this fungus as follows :' " Sphacclothaa forms its compouiul sporophore in the ovule of its host. When the ovule is normally and fully developed in the young flower, the parasite, whicli always grows through the flower-stalk into the place of insertion of the ovary, sends its hyphae from the funiculus into the ovule, where they rise liigher and higher and surround and pe Stock Photo

RMRCC2YT–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. SPHACELOTHECA. 30^ this fungus as follows :' " Sphacclothaa forms its compouiul sporophore in the ovule of its host. When the ovule is normally and fully developed in the young flower, the parasite, whicli always grows through the flower-stalk into the place of insertion of the ovary, sends its hyphae from the funiculus into the ovule, where they rise liigher and higher and surround and pe

RF2TBYG4D–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCC3BA–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 458 BASIDIOxMYCETES. point, wlierel)}' a felted tissue, called the luedidla, is produced in the interior. The outer parts of the pseudoparenchyma, on the other hand, coalesce to form the so-called rind, which when young gives off numerous delicate hyphae, and these, taking advantage of tlie medullary rays, penetrate the wood, and especially tlic resin-(Uicts, should such be present. In the wood the growth is upwards.

RF2TBY1G2–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCC2HB–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. 458 BASIDIOMYCETES. point, whereby a felted tissue, called the medulla, is produced in the interior. The outer parts of the pseudoparenchyraa, on the other hand, coalesce to form the so-called rind, which when young gives off numerous delicate hyphae, and these, taking advantage of the medullary rays, penetrate the wood, and especially the resin-ducts, should such be present. In the wood the gr

RF2TBYAPD–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCD6A2–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. SCLEROTINIA. 257 leaves of Vaccinium Vitis-Idaca exhibit in spring a mould- like coating, consisting of chains of lemon-shaped conidia. Woronin thus describes it: " In the outer layers of the cortex, amongst the dying elements, a pseudoparenchymatous cushion is formed, from which simple or dichotomously branched hyphae grow out through the overlying cuticle. The individual members of the chains of conidia are sep

RF2TBXXHD–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCC3FN–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fic). 175.—Tuburcinia trientalis. Spore- Fio. 176.—Apex of an isolated promy- mass germinating; several promycelia have celium from Fig. 175 ; it carries a whorl of been produced and are proceeding to form branches, some of which have fused in pairs; whorls of branches. (After Woronin.) all are developing conidia. (After Woronin.) spaces of the pith and rind-parenchyma, also the vessels. The hyphae apply themselves cl

RF2TBY75C–soil microbes under the microscope. microorganisms with fungus in compost

RMRCD69K–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 10 THE PARASITIC FUNGI. Others, like Fodosphacra castagnci, they take the form of broadened closely-clinging hyphae with haustoria. Frank describes a swell- ing of the germ-tube of Fusidadium trcviulae just before the infecting hypha pierces the cell-walls of its host. A similar phenomenon can be observed in Folystigma rubrum, in G-nomonia crythrostoma, and in the germinating aecidiospores of Mclampsora Gocppcrtiana.

Microorganisms and biology in Compost and soil sample under the microscope Stock Photo

RF2TBY75J–Microorganisms and biology in Compost and soil sample under the microscope

RMRCC3F9–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. pucciNiA. 343- hyphae forming the bottom of the uecidium-cup. These hyphae give rise to numerous short sporophores, from each of which a single long chain of spores is abjointed in basipetal succession, the spores being at first separated by temporary intermediate cells. The sporophores round the margin of each aecidium do not, however, give off spores; they also produce chains of cells basipetally, but these grow lar

RF2TBXYBM–Microorganisms and biology in Compost and soil sample under the microscope

. Diseases of crop-plants in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical plants; Plant diseases. DISEASES CAUSED BY FUNGI 27 gives rise to root disease and to damping-off of cuttings and seedlings of very many species of plants. According to G. L. Peltier, epidemics are apparently due to a combination of factors, such as the presence of a virulent strain of the fungus, a sus-. [From Duggar's Fungous Diseases of Plants Fig. 3 HypHAE (Rhizoctonia) Basidia and Spores of Corticium Vagum ceptible variety of plant, and optimum conditions of tempera- ture and moisture for infection and development. Under ordinary Stock Photo

RMRCD9MP–. Diseases of crop-plants in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical plants; Plant diseases. DISEASES CAUSED BY FUNGI 27 gives rise to root disease and to damping-off of cuttings and seedlings of very many species of plants. According to G. L. Peltier, epidemics are apparently due to a combination of factors, such as the presence of a virulent strain of the fungus, a sus-. [From Duggar's Fungous Diseases of Plants Fig. 3 HypHAE (Rhizoctonia) Basidia and Spores of Corticium Vagum ceptible variety of plant, and optimum conditions of tempera- ture and moisture for infection and development. Under ordinary

RF2TBYJM3–Microorganisms and biology in Compost and soil sample under the microscope

RMRCC2HX–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. ntLYl'UltUS. 443 at first white but becoiiiiiig grey, and in exhibiting an internal differentiation whicli those of F. vcqwrarius do not.^ The hyphae in the course of their growth do not seek out the pits, but grow straight through tlie walls and bring about dissolution of the middle lamella for some distance around. At the same time numerous short oblique fissures in the walls are produced ver

RF2TBYGP6–Microorganisms and biology in Compost and soil sample under the microscope

RMRCC3BW–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. rOLYPORUS. 443 at first white but becoming grey, and in exhibiting an internal differentiation which those of F. vaporarius do not.^ The hyphae in the course of their growth do not seek out the pits, but grow straight through tlie walls and bring about dissolution of the middle lamella for some distance around. At the same time numerous short oblique fissures in the walls are produced vertically one over the other, es

RF2TBY063–Microorganisms and biology in Compost and soil sample under the microscope

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