Page 3 of 5
Leaf with spores Black & White Stock Photos
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 556 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE CI^N ' 100-120 /I, or by confluence larger; I /vO conidia abundant, clavate or wedge- ^ shaped, 11-15 x 2.5-3 n. The cause of leaf perforations of lettuce. M. violae (Pass.) Sacc."' Discoloration of the host slight; ^ ^^-^ 2^:^^yy acervuli nvunerous, scattered, small; ,,^ (f""" â conidia curved, or straight, 15-18 x yK^;;;-y^ J 5-6 ii, septum usually excentric. T, â,, ., , Small spots are produced on violet Fig. 374.âMarssonia violse. Spores and conidiophores. leaveS. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG45MK/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-556-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-cin-100-120-i-or-by-confluence-larger-i-vo-conidia-abundant-clavate-or-wedge-shaped-11-15-x-25-3-n-the-cause-of-leaf-perforations-of-lettuce-m-violae-pass-saccquot-discoloration-of-the-host-slight-2yy-acervuli-nvunerous-scattered-small-fquotquotquot-conidia-curved-or-straight-15-18-x-yk-y-j-5-6-ii-septum-usually-excentric-t-small-spots-are-produced-on-violet-fig-374marssonia-violse-spores-and-conidiophores-leaves-PG45MK.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 556 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE CI^N ' 100-120 /I, or by confluence larger; I /vO conidia abundant, clavate or wedge- ^ shaped, 11-15 x 2.5-3 n. The cause of leaf perforations of lettuce. M. violae (Pass.) Sacc."' Discoloration of the host slight; ^ ^^-^ 2^:^^yy acervuli nvunerous, scattered, small; ,,^ (f""" â conidia curved, or straight, 15-18 x yK^;;;-y^ J 5-6 ii, septum usually excentric. T, â,, ., , Small spots are produced on violet Fig. 374.âMarssonia violse. Spores and conidiophores. leaveS. Stock Photo")
RMPG45MK–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 556 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE CI^N ' 100-120 /I, or by confluence larger; I /vO conidia abundant, clavate or wedge- ^ shaped, 11-15 x 2.5-3 n. The cause of leaf perforations of lettuce. M. violae (Pass.) Sacc."' Discoloration of the host slight; ^ ^^-^ 2^:^^yy acervuli nvunerous, scattered, small; ,,^ (f""" â conidia curved, or straight, 15-18 x yK^;;;-y^ J 5-6 ii, septum usually excentric. T, â,, ., , Small spots are produced on violet Fig. 374.âMarssonia violse. Spores and conidiophores. leaveS.
RMRE2G9C–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. COLEOSPORIUM 323. Teleutospores. Sori filling large intercellular spaces of the mesophyll towards the lower sur- face of the leaf; spores prismatic, length up to 140/x, breadth 18— 28 fj,; epispore 18—21 fj, thick, or more, at the summit. ^cidia on (?both) leaves of Pinus silvestris; uredo- and teleu- tospores on Tussilago Farfara, May—November, very common. (Fig. 243.) The connection of the spore-forms on the alternate hosts has been demon- strated by Plowright, Klebahn, Fischer and Wagner. Klebahn and Fischer
RMPG41K6–. Elements of botany. Botany; Botany. * Fig. 207. —A Fern (Aspidium Fllix-mas). 1, general view of the plant; a, young fronds unrolling; 2, cross-section of the rootstock, showing fibro-vascular bundles, a a 3, a pinnule with fruit-dots ; a.a, indusium ; b, spore-cases ; 4, vertical section through 3 a; 5, vertical section at right angles to that of (4), showing : a, section of pinnule of leaf; h, section of indusium ; c, spore-cases ; 6, a single spore-case, with its stalk, ct, and its elastic ring, c, discharging spores at d. (.1 is reduced to about natural size ; 2, 3, are sli^tly magnif
RMRDA879–. Beginners' botany. Botany. Fig. 256. — Common Polypode Fern. Polypodium vulgare. Fig. 257. —Sori and Spo- rangium OF Polypode. A chain of cells lies along the top of the sporangium, which springs back elasti- cally on drying, thus dis- seminating the spores. Fig. 258. —The Brake Fruits underneath THE Revolute Edges of the Leaf. The sporangia are collected into little groups, known as sori (singular, sorus) or fruit-dots. Each sorus is covered with a thin scale or shield, known as an indusium. This indusium sepa- rates from the frond at its edges, and the sporangia are exposed. Not all ferns
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xxiv] NOEGGERATHIA 429 axis bearing ovate leaves with numerous spreading veins. The upper part of the axis forms a spike composed of fertile leaves in the form of transversely oval bracts 2 cm. broad with a serrate B ^^f^/^ff. Fio. 302. Noeggerathia foliosa. (After Stur; A, reduced.) B, Fertile leaf; C, Sporangium. edge bearing on the upper face several sporangia (3x4 mm.) in some of which spores have been seen (fig. 302, B, C). In another form described by Weiss' the bracts bear a greater 1 Weiss, C. E. (79).. Please note th Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG1546/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xxiv-noeggerathia-429-axis-bearing-ovate-leaves-with-numerous-spreading-veins-the-upper-part-of-the-axis-forms-a-spike-composed-of-fertile-leaves-in-the-form-of-transversely-oval-bracts-2-cm-broad-with-a-serrate-b-fff-fio-302-noeggerathia-foliosa-after-stur-a-reduced-b-fertile-leaf-c-sporangium-edge-bearing-on-the-upper-face-several-sporangia-3x4-mm-in-some-of-which-spores-have-been-seen-fig-302-b-c-in-another-form-described-by-weiss-the-bracts-bear-a-greater-1-weiss-c-e-79-please-note-th-PG1546.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xxiv] NOEGGERATHIA 429 axis bearing ovate leaves with numerous spreading veins. The upper part of the axis forms a spike composed of fertile leaves in the form of transversely oval bracts 2 cm. broad with a serrate B ^^f^/^ff. Fio. 302. Noeggerathia foliosa. (After Stur; A, reduced.) B, Fertile leaf; C, Sporangium. edge bearing on the upper face several sporangia (3x4 mm.) in some of which spores have been seen (fig. 302, B, C). In another form described by Weiss' the bracts bear a greater 1 Weiss, C. E. (79).. Please note th Stock Photo")
RMPG1546–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. xxiv] NOEGGERATHIA 429 axis bearing ovate leaves with numerous spreading veins. The upper part of the axis forms a spike composed of fertile leaves in the form of transversely oval bracts 2 cm. broad with a serrate B ^^f^/^ff. Fio. 302. Noeggerathia foliosa. (After Stur; A, reduced.) B, Fertile leaf; C, Sporangium. edge bearing on the upper face several sporangia (3x4 mm.) in some of which spores have been seen (fig. 302, B, C). In another form described by Weiss' the bracts bear a greater 1 Weiss, C. E. (79).. Please note th
RMRE1GYD–. Fungi and fungicides. Fungi; Fungicides. A. Fig. 5. Pear cracking. Fig. 6. Leaf blight. of fruits which do not indicate much outward attack will show a brownish, rotten appearance when cut open. •Wherever the disease exists, care should be taken to gather all diseased fruit, generally known as mummied fruit, which may cling to the fruit spurs or fall to the ground, as the spores thereon will infect the next year's crop. The same remedies as are used for pear scab will check this disease.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanc
![. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. 34. Figure 9. Leaf-apex of F. osmundi- oides. (From Bry. Eur.) MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS less than }i inch in height; sporophyte lateral; capsule inclined, often cern- uous; beak of operculum long, usu- ally bent at base; spores maturing in late autumn or winter. On damp clayey soil. Its ''ear-mark" is the excurrent casta. F. JuuANUS (Savi.) Schimp. grows on stones in brooks and looks like a small Fontinalis. The lens readily shows the leaf str Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG3WFR/mosses-with-a-hand-lens-a-non-technical-handbook-of-the-more-common-and-more-easily-recognized-mosses-of-the-north-eastern-united-states-mosses-34-figure-9-leaf-apex-of-f-osmundi-oides-from-bry-eur-mosses-with-a-hand-lens-less-than-i-inch-in-height-sporophyte-lateral-capsule-inclined-often-cern-uous-beak-of-operculum-long-usu-ally-bent-at-base-spores-maturing-in-late-autumn-or-winter-on-damp-clayey-soil-its-ear-markquot-is-the-excurrent-casta-f-juuanus-savi-schimp-grows-on-stones-in-brooks-and-looks-like-a-small-fontinalis-the-lens-readily-shows-the-leaf-str-PG3WFR.jpg ". Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. 34. Figure 9. Leaf-apex of F. osmundi- oides. (From Bry. Eur.) MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS less than }i inch in height; sporophyte lateral; capsule inclined, often cern- uous; beak of operculum long, usu- ally bent at base; spores maturing in late autumn or winter. On damp clayey soil. Its ''ear-mark" is the excurrent casta. F. JuuANUS (Savi.) Schimp. grows on stones in brooks and looks like a small Fontinalis. The lens readily shows the leaf str Stock Photo")
RMPG3WFR–. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. 34. Figure 9. Leaf-apex of F. osmundi- oides. (From Bry. Eur.) MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS less than }i inch in height; sporophyte lateral; capsule inclined, often cern- uous; beak of operculum long, usu- ally bent at base; spores maturing in late autumn or winter. On damp clayey soil. Its ''ear-mark" is the excurrent casta. F. JuuANUS (Savi.) Schimp. grows on stones in brooks and looks like a small Fontinalis. The lens readily shows the leaf str
RMRD7YDN–. Manual of gardening; a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use. Gardening. PROTECTING PLANTS 179. rusty appearance, due to the development of the spores or fruiting bodies. Fig. 211 illustrates the ravages of one of the parasitic fungi, the shot- hole fungus of the plum. Each spot probably rep- resents a distinct attack of the fungus, and in this particular disease these inj ured parts of tissue are liable to fall out, leaving 211. Shot-hole disease of plum. holes in the leaf. Plum leaves that are attacked early in the sea
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases-. FiG. 171.—Downy mildew of melons and cucumbers. 1. A spore-bearing thread; sp. young spores; 2, 2' and 2", mature spores of the ordinary form. 3. Spore-bearing thread emerging from an air-pore on a leaf. 4. A cluster of spore-bearing threads taken from a cucumber leaf in dry weather, t, unusual types of spore-bearing threads and spores. 6. A short stalked spore from a muskmelon leaf. 7. Cells of a cucumber leaf with the fungus mycelium between them; sucker threads h, h' and h". 8. An unusual type of spore from the Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4ENE/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-minnesota-plant-diseases-fig-171downy-mildew-of-melons-and-cucumbers-1-a-spore-bearing-thread-sp-young-spores-2-2-and-2quot-mature-spores-of-the-ordinary-form-3-spore-bearing-thread-emerging-from-an-air-pore-on-a-leaf-4-a-cluster-of-spore-bearing-threads-taken-from-a-cucumber-leaf-in-dry-weather-t-unusual-types-of-spore-bearing-threads-and-spores-6-a-short-stalked-spore-from-a-muskmelon-leaf-7-cells-of-a-cucumber-leaf-with-the-fungus-mycelium-between-them-sucker-threads-h-h-and-hquot-8-an-unusual-type-of-spore-from-the-PG4ENE.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases-. FiG. 171.—Downy mildew of melons and cucumbers. 1. A spore-bearing thread; sp. young spores; 2, 2' and 2", mature spores of the ordinary form. 3. Spore-bearing thread emerging from an air-pore on a leaf. 4. A cluster of spore-bearing threads taken from a cucumber leaf in dry weather, t, unusual types of spore-bearing threads and spores. 6. A short stalked spore from a muskmelon leaf. 7. Cells of a cucumber leaf with the fungus mycelium between them; sucker threads h, h' and h". 8. An unusual type of spore from the Stock Photo")
RMPG4ENE–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases-. FiG. 171.—Downy mildew of melons and cucumbers. 1. A spore-bearing thread; sp. young spores; 2, 2' and 2", mature spores of the ordinary form. 3. Spore-bearing thread emerging from an air-pore on a leaf. 4. A cluster of spore-bearing threads taken from a cucumber leaf in dry weather, t, unusual types of spore-bearing threads and spores. 6. A short stalked spore from a muskmelon leaf. 7. Cells of a cucumber leaf with the fungus mycelium between them; sucker threads h, h' and h". 8. An unusual type of spore from the
RMRE2FXB–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. 382 HEMILEIA On leaves of Gattleya Dowiana Batem., imported from Costa Rica, 1899. (Fig. 285.) Only a small patch of Rust was present on the leaf when the plant was received from Costa Rica, but this continued to increase in size and the falling spores infected other leaves. The uredospores germinated readily, and young Gattleya leaves, inoculated on the under surface, produced mature uredospores in thirteen days. No success attended the efforts to infect other orchids, not belonging to the genus Gattleya. This
RMPG415W–. The essentials of botany. Botany. 170 BOTANY. parasite, and at length burst through the epidermis (Fig. 94, A and I). The oonidia quickly drop out and are car-. FiG. 94.—Wheat-nist (Puccinia graminis). I, a cross-section of a Barberry- leaf through a mass of Cluster-cups; a, a, a, cups opened and slieddingr their conidia; p, and A, above, cu^s not yet opened; sp, sp, spermogones which pro- duce spermatia, whose function is not Icnown. ii, three Red-rust spores, ttr, on stalks: t, a Black-rust spore. 7/J, a mass of Black-rust spores bursting through the epidermis, e, of a leaf. All highly mag
RMRDWPH1–. Elements of botany. Botany; Botany. 234 ELEMENTS OP BOTANY. The mycelium of these is generally concealed in the substance of the earth, decaying wood, or other material on which the fungus grows, and the conspicuous portion of the plant is that on which the spores are borne. Lichens, familiar objects encrusting rocks or hanging in. Fig. 201. —Spore-Formation in Potato Blight (Pliytophthora infestans). an unbranched stalk, proceeding from the mycelium 7ii in tlie interior of the potato leaf, passing out of the epidermis e through the stoma up, and bearing a single spore-ease ; B, an older gro
RMPG4GJT–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 162 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Ascocarps scattered on the leaf, shining black, up to 1 mm. long; asci clavate, 8-spored; spores nearly as long as the ascus, 90-120 X 1.5 M- Conidia cylindric, hyaline, continuous, 6-8 x 1 /t. L. brachysporum Rost. Perithecia epiphyllous; asci cylindric, short- stalked, apex rounded, 120 x 20-25 p., 8- spored; paraphyses bacillar, apex curved; spores oblong, l-rowed, hyaline, 28-30 x 9-10 /x. It is common on pine leaves.^ Several other species are parasitic upon various conifers, among them:
RMRDHN56–. Mosses with a hand-lens; a non-technical handbook of the more common and more easily recognized mosses of the north-eastern United States. Mosses. MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS 17 leaves and the strong costa reaching to the apex of the leaf, or beyond. The last species, if sterile, will be with difBculty distinguished from Grimmia, by one not familiar with it, unless comparison with authentic specimens is possible. The time of maturing spores seems to be spring in each of the species. In A. petrophila they mature in May and June. Family 3. GeORGIACEAE. The Geofgia Family. LL of our mosses belongin
![. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 47. Bean Diseases. a. and fc. Rust on leaf and pods, c. section through bean leaf showing bean rust, summer spores, d. section through bean leaf, showing bean rust, winter spores, e. anthracnose, /. section through bean seed, showing relation of anthracnose to the host (c. d. and /. after Whetzel). g. Cercospora leaf spot, A. Isariopsis griseola leaf 5T»ot * ''r^nj/^-ephor^ ."Mid conidia of Isariopsis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4CHW/diseases-of-truck-crops-and-their-control-vegetables-fig-47-bean-diseases-a-and-fc-rust-on-leaf-and-pods-c-section-through-bean-leaf-showing-bean-rust-summer-spores-d-section-through-bean-leaf-showing-bean-rust-winter-spores-e-anthracnose-section-through-bean-seed-showing-relation-of-anthracnose-to-the-host-c-d-and-after-whetzel-g-cercospora-leaf-spot-a-isariopsis-griseola-leaf-5tot-rnj-ephor-quotmid-conidia-of-isariopsis-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-PG4CHW.jpg ". Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 47. Bean Diseases. a. and fc. Rust on leaf and pods, c. section through bean leaf showing bean rust, summer spores, d. section through bean leaf, showing bean rust, winter spores, e. anthracnose, /. section through bean seed, showing relation of anthracnose to the host (c. d. and /. after Whetzel). g. Cercospora leaf spot, A. Isariopsis griseola leaf 5T»ot * ''r^nj/^-ephor^ ."Mid conidia of Isariopsis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - Stock Photo")
RMPG4CHW–. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 47. Bean Diseases. a. and fc. Rust on leaf and pods, c. section through bean leaf showing bean rust, summer spores, d. section through bean leaf, showing bean rust, winter spores, e. anthracnose, /. section through bean seed, showing relation of anthracnose to the host (c. d. and /. after Whetzel). g. Cercospora leaf spot, A. Isariopsis griseola leaf 5T»ot * ''r^nj/^-ephor^ ."Mid conidia of Isariopsis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability -
RMRDDA8Y–. Lessons in botany. Botany. '3° BOTANY. pare in the same way from the yellow spots. To demonstrate the cluster cups, good cross-sections of the leaf through a spot should be made, or prepared slides should be obtained. Let the pupils sketch the form of the different spores, and other characters, and make notes of the observations. To demonstrate mycelium in the tissues, use the carnation rust which can be obtained in winter in greenhouses where the carnations are grown (see Chapter XV, paragraph 159), or fresh wheat leaves may be preserved in alcohol for making sections. 220. Wheat rust (Pucc
RMPG3PWX–. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. CHERRY DISEASES 173 enter the next season with decreased vitahty. A case is on record where 40,000 young cherry trees were lost on account of leaf-bhght alone. The loss in Ohio in 1905 is estimated at $25,000. The preceding year it is estimated to have caused a loss of S per cent, in Maryland. One nursery company in. Fig. 4S. — Leaf-blight (yellow-leaf, or leaf-spot) on sweet cherry; types of lesions on upper and lower surfaces. Center leaf shows whitish masses' (spores) of the pathogene. Nebraska claims to have lost $40,000 in 1903 on account of this diseas
RMRDWG6K–. Elementary botany. Botany. FUNGI: RUSTS. 133 294. Uredospores can produce successive crops of uredospores.—The uredo- spores are carried by the wind to other wheat or grass plants, germinate,. Fig. 157. Section through leaf of barberry at point affected with the cluster-cup stage of the wheat rust; spermagonia above, axidia below. (After Marshall-Ward.) form mycelium in the tissues, and later the pustules with a second crop of uredospores. Several successive crops of uredospores may be developed in. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digit
RMPG0G5X–. Diseases of greenhouse crops and their control . Vegetables; Plant diseases; Plant diseases. Fig. 68. Rubber Plant and Schizanthus Diseases. a. Leptostromella leaf spot, b. cross section of rubber leaf to show relationship of the parasite to its host, to the left one magnified spore (after Hatch Expt. Sta. 9th Rept. 1897), c.^ and d. acervulus and germinating spores of Colletrotrichum schisanthi Ten (after Jensen, C. N.).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustratio
RMRDE67T–. Farm friends and farm foes : a text-book of agricultural science . Agricultural pests; Beneficial insects; Insect pests. Spore GERMiNATrNG with Tube Germinating Tube among ENTERING SfOMATA; SEEN CELLS OF LEAF; SEEN FROM FROM ABOVE SIDE which becomes swollen with light green spots. Soon the skin breaks apart and the fungus threads produce great numbers of small round spores. The small swollen places where these spores are produced are called cecidia (singular, cecidiuni), and the spores produced in them are called CBcid- «fl/-spores or spring spores, because they develop in spring. These spri
RMPG0GH8–. Diseases of greenhouse crops and their control . Vegetables; Plant diseases; Plant diseases. Fig. i8. Celery Disease. a. Septoria leaf spot, b. cross section through leaf to show relationship of fungus to its host, c. spores of Septoria petroselini {a-c after Coons),. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Taubenhaus, Jacob Joseph, 1884-1937. New York : E. P. Dutton
RMRE1R0T–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 255 the season's growth. These spores, called teliospores, are resting spores and tide the fungus over the winter. Furthermore these spores are uninucleate. The two nuclei which have character- ized all cells from the aecial stage on, actually fuse, forming one nucleus as the teliospores mature. Some regard this as a delayed fertilization. The teliospores germinate in the spring quite. Fig. 163. Fig. 164. Fig. 163. The summer and fall stages of a rust, Puccinia: A, rust blotches on leaf of wheat. B, portion of leaf magnified, sh
RMPG4CTN–. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 21. Spinach Diseases. a. Downy mildew, b. cross section showing fruiting stalk of t'.ie downy mildew fungus on infected spinach leaf. c. cross section showing leaf affected with white smut, d. Anthracnose of spinach, e. cross section showing acervulus of Colletotri- chum spinacia. f. leaf spot, g. spores of the leaf spot fungus Heterosportum variabile- {b. c. e. after Halsted, d. after Reed).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and
RMRE1R13–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 252 DEVELOPMENT OF A RUST bodies which rupture the epidermis and finally open out into cups filled with chains of yellowish spores. An examination of Fig. 162 shows that these spores are formed in rows at the end of hyphae and surrounded by a layer of rather thick-walled hyphae. This stage of the rust is known as the cluster cup or aecial stage and the spores are called aeciospores. Often smaller spore-bear-. FiG. 162. Cluster cups as seen in section of leaf of spring beauty, Clay- tonia. At right one of the cups is ruptured, exposing the aeciospores
![. Minnesota mushrooms ... Botany; Mushrooms. CORAL FUNGI 109 .SPAK.V.S.SI.S Cap much branched forming a dense rusette of flat leaf-like branches, l-'clible. The name means torn to pieces, and refers to the greatly branched cap. Sparassis crispa Leaf Coral Cap 10-50 cm. wide by 6-30 cm. high, "whitish to yellowish, the branches some- what trans])arent, flat, curly at the edge, joined below into a root-like base; spores yellowish, ellipsoid, 5-6 >^ 3-4/i. The name refers to the curled branches. ()n grcund in woodland and grassland, summer and autunni; delicious.. Figure 73, Sp,k.vssis c Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4B49/minnesota-mushrooms-botany-mushrooms-coral-fungi-109-spakvssis-cap-much-branched-forming-a-dense-rusette-of-flat-leaf-like-branches-l-clible-the-name-means-torn-to-pieces-and-refers-to-the-greatly-branched-cap-sparassis-crispa-leaf-coral-cap-10-50-cm-wide-by-6-30-cm-high-quotwhitish-to-yellowish-the-branches-some-what-trans-arent-flat-curly-at-the-edge-joined-below-into-a-root-like-base-spores-yellowish-ellipsoid-5-6-gt-3-4i-the-name-refers-to-the-curled-branches-n-grcund-in-woodland-and-grassland-summer-and-autunni-delicious-figure-73-spkvssis-c-PG4B49.jpg ". Minnesota mushrooms ... Botany; Mushrooms. CORAL FUNGI 109 .SPAK.V.S.SI.S Cap much branched forming a dense rusette of flat leaf-like branches, l-'clible. The name means torn to pieces, and refers to the greatly branched cap. Sparassis crispa Leaf Coral Cap 10-50 cm. wide by 6-30 cm. high, "whitish to yellowish, the branches some- what trans])arent, flat, curly at the edge, joined below into a root-like base; spores yellowish, ellipsoid, 5-6 >^ 3-4/i. The name refers to the curled branches. ()n grcund in woodland and grassland, summer and autunni; delicious.. Figure 73, Sp,k.vssis c Stock Photo")
RMPG4B49–. Minnesota mushrooms ... Botany; Mushrooms. CORAL FUNGI 109 .SPAK.V.S.SI.S Cap much branched forming a dense rusette of flat leaf-like branches, l-'clible. The name means torn to pieces, and refers to the greatly branched cap. Sparassis crispa Leaf Coral Cap 10-50 cm. wide by 6-30 cm. high, "whitish to yellowish, the branches some- what trans])arent, flat, curly at the edge, joined below into a root-like base; spores yellowish, ellipsoid, 5-6 >^ 3-4/i. The name refers to the curled branches. ()n grcund in woodland and grassland, summer and autunni; delicious.. Figure 73, Sp,k.vssis c
RMRDC15D–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 356. — Stage of the Wheat Rust on the Barberry bush, BcrherU vulgaris. Left, leaf of Barberry, showing the affected areas which are red- dish, much thickened, and contain many cup-like depressions; right, a very much enlarged section through the affected area of the leaf, showing one of the cups (c) with chains of aecidiospores (X 200). The very small spores at (p) are the spermatia or pycniospores.. Fig. 357. — Diagram showing the life cycle of the Wheat Rust. A, wheat plants; B, barberry bush; u, uredospore; t, teleutospore; s, basidio- spore
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 336.—P. solitaria. 1-month-old colony on apple agar. After Scott and Rorer. The fimgus was grown in pure culture and its identity on twig, leaf and fruit was shown by cross inoculation. P. persicae Sacc. is common on peach leaves. P. piricola Sacc. & Speg. is foimd on apple and pear. P. limitata Pk.'" is reported as the cause of an apple leaf spot. Spots round minute, 2-6 mm., brown or reddish; pycnidia epiph- yllous, black, few, punctiform; spores ellipsoid, 7-8 x 4 jn. P. mail P. & D. occurs on apple and pear. P Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG0RBY/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-fig-336p-solitaria-1-month-old-colony-on-apple-agar-after-scott-and-rorer-the-fimgus-was-grown-in-pure-culture-and-its-identity-on-twig-leaf-and-fruit-was-shown-by-cross-inoculation-p-persicae-sacc-is-common-on-peach-leaves-p-piricola-sacc-amp-speg-is-foimd-on-apple-and-pear-p-limitata-pkquot-is-reported-as-the-cause-of-an-apple-leaf-spot-spots-round-minute-2-6-mm-brown-or-reddish-pycnidia-epiph-yllous-black-few-punctiform-spores-ellipsoid-7-8-x-4-jn-p-mail-p-amp-d-occurs-on-apple-and-pear-p-PG0RBY.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 336.—P. solitaria. 1-month-old colony on apple agar. After Scott and Rorer. The fimgus was grown in pure culture and its identity on twig, leaf and fruit was shown by cross inoculation. P. persicae Sacc. is common on peach leaves. P. piricola Sacc. & Speg. is foimd on apple and pear. P. limitata Pk.'" is reported as the cause of an apple leaf spot. Spots round minute, 2-6 mm., brown or reddish; pycnidia epiph- yllous, black, few, punctiform; spores ellipsoid, 7-8 x 4 jn. P. mail P. & D. occurs on apple and pear. P Stock Photo")
RMPG0RBY–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 336.—P. solitaria. 1-month-old colony on apple agar. After Scott and Rorer. The fimgus was grown in pure culture and its identity on twig, leaf and fruit was shown by cross inoculation. P. persicae Sacc. is common on peach leaves. P. piricola Sacc. & Speg. is foimd on apple and pear. P. limitata Pk.'" is reported as the cause of an apple leaf spot. Spots round minute, 2-6 mm., brown or reddish; pycnidia epiph- yllous, black, few, punctiform; spores ellipsoid, 7-8 x 4 jn. P. mail P. & D. occurs on apple and pear. P
RMRE1PJ5–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 326 SPORANGIA OF FILICALES leaves. Therefore, Bower estimates that the shield fern produces annually upwards of 50 million spores. This makes a striking comparison when we consider the spore production in the Bryo-. FlG. 223. Section of a leaf of Woodwardia, showing two sori: i, indusiura; sp, sporangia arising from the epidermis and in various stages of develop- ment. Note the epidermis, stoma, s, palisade and spongy chlorenchyma and vascular bundles, as in higher plants. phyta, and it is evident that ample provision is made for the maintenance of t
RMPG14K4–. Manual of tree diseases . Trees. 226 MANUAL OF TREE DISEASES green after the remainder of the leaf has faded or turned bright colored. The fungus causing this leaf-spot is a near rela- tive of the tar leaf-spot fungus (see page 223). Spores are de- veloped in the same manner and control measures are the same for both diseases. Leaf-Spots Caused by PhyUosHcla minima (B. and C.) E. and B., Glaeosporium apocryptum E. and E., and other fungi The leaves of maple are subject to a number of leaf-spot diseases (see page 30). The two fungi named above are com- mon in eastern United States and may be
RMRDWF6E–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 326 SPORANGIA OF FILICALES leaves. Therefore, Bower estimates that the shield fern produces annually upwards of 50 million spores. This makes a striking comparison when we consider the spore production in the Bryo-. FlG. 223. Section of a leaf of Woodwardia, showing two sori: i, indusium; sp, sporangia arising from the epidermis and in various stages of develop- ment. Note the epidermis, stoma, j, palisade and spongy chlorenchyma. and vascular bundles, as in higher plants. phyta, and it is evident that ample provision is made for the maintenance of t
RMPG4669–. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. and oyer these place old, half-decomposed sod, then fill np 'with a jnixtiire of fine leaf-mold and silyer sand. Smooth the sniface, and make it as level as possihle, then scatter the spores and leave them without any cov- ering of soil or o
RMRDRD52–. Introduction to botany. Botany. Flowers. 203. does not differ from a foliage leaf in appearance. One kind of sporangium contains relatively small spores termed microspores (Fig. 121) which on germination give rise to a rudimentary plant body called prothallmm, bearing sperm cells; and the other sort of sporangium contains relatively large spores, the macro- spores (Fig. 121), which on germination produce a prothalUum bearing egg cells. The sporangium containing macrospores is termed niacrosporan- gimn, and the sporophyll subtending it macrosporo- phyll, while the corre- sponding parts relati
RMPG466F–. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. HMRBS, TUBEKS AND BULBS. 331. and oyer these place old, half-decomposed sod, then fill np 'with a jnixtiire of fine leaf-mold and silyer sand. Smooth the sniface, and make it as level as possihle, then scatter the spores and leave them witho
RMRDD861–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. USTILAGO. 279 Ustilago maydis (D.C.)^ (Britain and U.S. America).^ This smut of Zea Mais produces large and conspicuous deformations on leaves, leaf-sheaths, stems, roots, and all parts of the male and female flowers. These are whitish, gall-like swellings and blisters, containing a mass of gelatinous mycelium, from which spores are produced. The swellings may- attain to the size of a fist, or even larger. The spore
RMPG0GHK–. Diseases of greenhouse crops and their control . Vegetables; Plant diseases; Plant diseases. Fig. i6. Beet Diseases. a. Nematode or root knot, b. Crown gall, t. Cercospora leaf spot (after Halsted), d. spores of Cercospora beticola (after Scbwarze).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Taubenhaus, Jacob Joseph, 1884-1937. New York : E. P. Dutton
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 312 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE. and the mycelium there develops richly under the epidermis. The outer cells remain sterile and constitute the membrane; the inner gelatinize and develop into spores. S. reiliana (Kiihn) Cl.^* "'^ ^^ '*" ^^ Sori very prominent forming irregular masses including more or less of the entire panicle, usually 5-15 cm. in length; often at first pro- tected by the leaf-sheath. A whitish false membrane encloses the black- brown spore-mass and the ray-like re- mains of the j)eduncles or colu Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDDAM4/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-312-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-and-the-mycelium-there-develops-richly-under-the-epidermis-the-outer-cells-remain-sterile-and-constitute-the-membrane-the-inner-gelatinize-and-develop-into-spores-s-reiliana-kiihn-cl-quot-quot-sori-very-prominent-forming-irregular-masses-including-more-or-less-of-the-entire-panicle-usually-5-15-cm-in-length-often-at-first-pro-tected-by-the-leaf-sheath-a-whitish-false-membrane-encloses-the-black-brown-spore-mass-and-the-ray-like-re-mains-of-the-jeduncles-or-colu-RDDAM4.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 312 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE. and the mycelium there develops richly under the epidermis. The outer cells remain sterile and constitute the membrane; the inner gelatinize and develop into spores. S. reiliana (Kiihn) Cl.^* "'^ ^^ '*" ^^ Sori very prominent forming irregular masses including more or less of the entire panicle, usually 5-15 cm. in length; often at first pro- tected by the leaf-sheath. A whitish false membrane encloses the black- brown spore-mass and the ray-like re- mains of the j)eduncles or colu Stock Photo")
RMRDDAM4–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 312 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE. and the mycelium there develops richly under the epidermis. The outer cells remain sterile and constitute the membrane; the inner gelatinize and develop into spores. S. reiliana (Kiihn) Cl.^* "'^ ^^ '*" ^^ Sori very prominent forming irregular masses including more or less of the entire panicle, usually 5-15 cm. in length; often at first pro- tected by the leaf-sheath. A whitish false membrane encloses the black- brown spore-mass and the ray-like re- mains of the j)eduncles or colu
RMPG0HNE–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 462 DAVALLIA DEAKBORN tion in a temperature of 65-70° and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. Spores of Davallia should be sown on a fine compost of soil, leaf-mold or peat and sand in equal parts, and
RMRDDWMR–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 124 PHYCOMYCETES. is very frequent on wild and cultivated Cruciferae throughout the whole world, and causes deformation of shoot, leaf, and flower.. Fig. 3i.Cj/xtopus candidta. B, Conidlophores isolated from the cushion ; the coDidia or sponuigia are united by intermediate cells. C, Sporangia breaking up CO form swarm-spores. I), Swarm-sporcs escaping. E, Swarm-spores in motile condition. F, Swarm-spores come to re
RMPG4G8E–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. BLECHNUM BLOOMERIA 167 roots, with a drier atmosphere than most other Perns re - quire, to prevent fronds from turning brown during win- ter months. Average temp. 60-65° F. Soil, equal parts of rich loam and leaf-mold or peat. The spores of most Blechnums germinate very freely if sown on a compost of loam and l
RMRD8FYJ–. Timber and some of its diseases. Timber; Trees. 156 TIMBER AND SOME OF ITS DISEASES, [chap. series of dark shining strings, looking almost like the purple-black leaf-stalks of the maidenhair fern, and. Fig. 15.—a small group of Agaricus (Arfmllarz'a) melhus. The toad-stool is taw ny-ycllow, and produces white spores; the gills are decurrent, and the stem bears a ring. The fine hair-like appendages on the pileus should be bolder, these strings branch and meander in the wood of the tree, and in the soil, and may attain even great. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page i
RMPG0GD5–. Diseases of greenhouse crops and their control . Vegetables; Plant diseases; Plant diseases. Fig 36. Tomato Diseases. a. Various stages of blossom end rot, b. Cladosporium leaf mold, c. fruiting stalks and spores of Cladosporium ftilvum ic. after G. Massee).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Taubenhaus, Jacob Joseph, 1884-1937. New York : E. P. Dutton
![. Practical agriculture [microform]. Agriculture; Agriculture. 90 AGRICULTURE.. disease in vegetation are all minute plants. These lower forms of plants live in and upon the higher plants, taking the food out of the plants and thereby checking their growth and even killing them. Where did they come from ? The field crops grow from seeds, and when they are ripe, they Droduce other seeds riu. 42. —a diseased leaf. The minute plant causing ^ ' disease is growinji in a leaf and is throwing off ripe that will again crow. spores (seeds), which will settle on other leaves, ° ^ and thus cause the spre Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ2TFR/practical-agriculture-microform-agriculture-agriculture-90-agriculture-disease-in-vegetation-are-all-minute-plants-these-lower-forms-of-plants-live-in-and-upon-the-higher-plants-taking-the-food-out-of-the-plants-and-thereby-checking-their-growth-and-even-killing-them-where-did-they-come-from-the-field-crops-grow-from-seeds-and-when-they-are-ripe-they-droduce-other-seeds-riu-42-a-diseased-leaf-the-minute-plant-causing-disease-is-growinji-in-a-leaf-and-is-throwing-off-ripe-that-will-again-crow-spores-seeds-which-will-settle-on-other-leaves-and-thus-cause-the-spre-RJ2TFR.jpg ". Practical agriculture [microform]. Agriculture; Agriculture. 90 AGRICULTURE.. disease in vegetation are all minute plants. These lower forms of plants live in and upon the higher plants, taking the food out of the plants and thereby checking their growth and even killing them. Where did they come from ? The field crops grow from seeds, and when they are ripe, they Droduce other seeds riu. 42. —a diseased leaf. The minute plant causing ^ ' disease is growinji in a leaf and is throwing off ripe that will again crow. spores (seeds), which will settle on other leaves, ° ^ and thus cause the spre Stock Photo")
RMRJ2TFR–. Practical agriculture [microform]. Agriculture; Agriculture. 90 AGRICULTURE.. disease in vegetation are all minute plants. These lower forms of plants live in and upon the higher plants, taking the food out of the plants and thereby checking their growth and even killing them. Where did they come from ? The field crops grow from seeds, and when they are ripe, they Droduce other seeds riu. 42. —a diseased leaf. The minute plant causing ^ ' disease is growinji in a leaf and is throwing off ripe that will again crow. spores (seeds), which will settle on other leaves, ° ^ and thus cause the spre
RMPG4CM3–. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 36, Turnip Diseases. a. and b. Anthracnose, c. cross section through acervulus, d. anthracnose spores, e. Cylindrosporium leaf spot, /. Phoma rot,- g. Sclerotinia rot (c. and d. after Higgins).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Taubenhaus, Jacob Joseph, 1884-1937. New York : E. P. Dutton & Co.
RMRDHFPD–. Elements of botany. Botany; Botany. 234 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. The mycelium of these is generally concealed in the substance of the earth, decaying wood, or other material on which the fungus grows, and the conspicuous portion of the plant is that on which the spores are borne. Lichens, familiar objects encrusting rocks or hanging in. Fig. 201. — Spore-Formation in Potato Blight {Phytophthora infestans). A, an unbranched stalk, proceeding from the mycelium m in the interior of the potato leaf, passing out of the epidermis c through the stoma sp, and bearing a single spore-case ; JB, an older gr
RMPG4EK2–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 362 Minnesota Plant Diseases. palisade fashion on the surface of the pocket. Each sac contains about eight spores, which on germination may directly cause in- fection of a host plant. The fungus of this disease is very closely related to the peach leaf-curl fungus and to others forming witches'-broom on birch, alder and cherry trees. It is a sac- fungus with an arrangement of sacs similar to that in the true cup fungi, but has no true cup, since the sacs occur directly on the tissues of the host.. Fig. 193.—Plum pockets. These plums are devoid of sto
RMRE1PFD–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. Fig. 234. Fig. 235. Fig. 234. Sporophylls and spores of Equisetum: 2, sporophylls viewed from outer and inner side, showing form and attachment of sporangia and the central stalk attaching the sporophyll to the strobilus. 3, spores with elaters expanded in a and partially coiled in b. Fig. 235. Female gametophyte of Equisetum bearing several archegonia and leaf-like lobes. At right male gamete.—After Sadebeck. later development. Thus we see that the germination of these spores, which are apparently exactly alike, is controlled by a defi- nite stimulu
RMPG44PW–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 268 MYCOLOGY. Fig. no.—Violet leaf spot (Fusarium viola), i, Germination of microconidio- spores; 2. formation of raicroconidiospores in hanging drop cultures; 3, germination of macroconidia; 4. various forms of macroconidia. (After Mycologia, 2: 19-21, pi. xviii, January, 1910).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the orig
RMRE2DC9–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 618 FUNGUS A Funtfus 13 a plant of very low organization consist ing of one or more cells multiplying its kind by cell division ami Vjy spores. It contains no green substance (chlorophyll), and grows either as a saprophyte upon. 880. Colonies of the rust Funeus on the leaf of a hoUyhock. non-living organic matt
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 377 Cedar apples of red cedar (Gymnosporangium macropus Link, and G. glohosiLw, Fart.). See Leaf Rust of Apples. Diseases of Orchards and Vineyards. The powdery mildew of lilac [Microsphcera alni {Walk.) IVint.]. This is the very common blight of lilacs which, in the fall, covers lilac leaves with a conspicuous white mycelial coating. The same blight is apparently found on many other plants, as alder, birches, high bush cranberry and others. Summer spores are produced in the usual manner for powdery mildews and the. Fig. 202 Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EHY/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-minnesota-plant-diseases-377-cedar-apples-of-red-cedar-gymnosporangium-macropus-link-and-g-glohosilw-fart-see-leaf-rust-of-apples-diseases-of-orchards-and-vineyards-the-powdery-mildew-of-lilac-microsphcera-alni-walk-ivint-this-is-the-very-common-blight-of-lilacs-which-in-the-fall-covers-lilac-leaves-with-a-conspicuous-white-mycelial-coating-the-same-blight-is-apparently-found-on-many-other-plants-as-alder-birches-high-bush-cranberry-and-others-summer-spores-are-produced-in-the-usual-manner-for-powdery-mildews-and-the-fig-202-PG4EHY.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 377 Cedar apples of red cedar (Gymnosporangium macropus Link, and G. glohosiLw, Fart.). See Leaf Rust of Apples. Diseases of Orchards and Vineyards. The powdery mildew of lilac [Microsphcera alni {Walk.) IVint.]. This is the very common blight of lilacs which, in the fall, covers lilac leaves with a conspicuous white mycelial coating. The same blight is apparently found on many other plants, as alder, birches, high bush cranberry and others. Summer spores are produced in the usual manner for powdery mildews and the. Fig. 202 Stock Photo")
RMPG4EHY–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 377 Cedar apples of red cedar (Gymnosporangium macropus Link, and G. glohosiLw, Fart.). See Leaf Rust of Apples. Diseases of Orchards and Vineyards. The powdery mildew of lilac [Microsphcera alni {Walk.) IVint.]. This is the very common blight of lilacs which, in the fall, covers lilac leaves with a conspicuous white mycelial coating. The same blight is apparently found on many other plants, as alder, birches, high bush cranberry and others. Summer spores are produced in the usual manner for powdery mildews and the. Fig. 202
RMRDE3G2–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 278 Minnesota Plant Diseases. of the tree interfered with but the tree is usually stunted and may eventually die. The leaves of the diseased shoots contain less leaf-green and are paler in color than the ordi- nary leaves. The exact method of the infection by spores in this country is not yet known. A similar disease on the silver fir in Europe has recently been thoroughly investigated. It is found that the cluster-cup spores of the silver fir brooms can- not infect the silver iir leaves but can cause infection on certain plants be- longing to the pi
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 351 . leaf and these spots often occur in sufificient numbers to con- siderably damage the plant. The winter spores are two-celled. Spraying with dilute bordeaux has been recom- mended just as the buds are opening and the leaves are expanding, and at in- tervals later. The fallen / leaves should be burned, i * Apple scab [Venturia |* pomi (Fr.) Wint.]. Ap- ^ pie scab is by far the most serious disease of apples. The fungus first appears in early summer on the leaves of the apple tree as light, greyish, circular Fio. lS3.—A Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EM1/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-minnesota-plant-diseases-351-leaf-and-these-spots-often-occur-in-sufificient-numbers-to-con-siderably-damage-the-plant-the-winter-spores-are-two-celled-spraying-with-dilute-bordeaux-has-been-recom-mended-just-as-the-buds-are-opening-and-the-leaves-are-expanding-and-at-in-tervals-later-the-fallen-leaves-should-be-burned-i-apple-scab-venturia-pomi-fr-wint-ap-pie-scab-is-by-far-the-most-serious-disease-of-apples-the-fungus-first-appears-in-early-summer-on-the-leaves-of-the-apple-tree-as-light-greyish-circular-fio-ls3a-PG4EM1.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 351 . leaf and these spots often occur in sufificient numbers to con- siderably damage the plant. The winter spores are two-celled. Spraying with dilute bordeaux has been recom- mended just as the buds are opening and the leaves are expanding, and at in- tervals later. The fallen / leaves should be burned, i * Apple scab [Venturia |* pomi (Fr.) Wint.]. Ap- ^ pie scab is by far the most serious disease of apples. The fungus first appears in early summer on the leaves of the apple tree as light, greyish, circular Fio. lS3.—A Stock Photo")
RMPG4EM1–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 351 . leaf and these spots often occur in sufificient numbers to con- siderably damage the plant. The winter spores are two-celled. Spraying with dilute bordeaux has been recom- mended just as the buds are opening and the leaves are expanding, and at in- tervals later. The fallen / leaves should be burned, i * Apple scab [Venturia |* pomi (Fr.) Wint.]. Ap- ^ pie scab is by far the most serious disease of apples. The fungus first appears in early summer on the leaves of the apple tree as light, greyish, circular Fio. lS3.—A
RMRE0931–. A manual of structural botany; an introductory textbook for students of science and pharmacy. Plant morphology. Fig. 597 The male organ, antheridium of mosses (Funaria): A, antheridium, with escaping antherozoids (a); B, a single male element b, in mother cell; C, free, with two cilia. ^^i^sj?^-;^;^^-^, Fig. 598. Lycopodium: S, the cone-like spore- bearing leaves; B, an enlarged sporophyll leaf; b, the blade, and sp, the sporangium which con- tains the spores. the center of the capsule the Pedicel is continued as the Columella, and at its summit it is closed in until mature by one or more co
RMPG3NJ0–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. AUTOBASIDIOMYCETES 441 distortions on young shoots of Andromeda lignstrina. Galls of this latter form are hollow, bag-like structures which may attain a length of five or six inches. Richards employed the large form on Andromeda and Exo- basidium Vaccinii in some cross inoculations and was able to develop the leaf spot form of the gall on Andromeda from Exo- basidium Vaccinii, and also to produce this same form through spores from the galls on Andromeda. He also directs attention t
RMRDJ5PM–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES 431 produced in short chains and measure 24-28 x 18-21 fj, (Fig. 210,b). The uredesori occur on the under surface of the leaf. They are somewhat lighter colored than the casoma and are constantly inclosed by paraphyses. Individual spores are about the same in size and form, however, as the previous type (Fig. 210, c). In the same sori with the latter may be produced also the teleutospores,. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images tha
RMPG4CJX–. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 40. CucxTMBER Diseases. a. Mosaic, b. angular leaf spot (after Smith and Bryan), c. individual germs of Pseudomonas lachrymans, d.'downy mildew (Manns), e. conidiophore and conidia of Plasmopara cubensis, f. germinated conidia and swarm spore, g. gerra,inated swarm spores {e. to g. after Clinton), h. anthracnose.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work..
RMRE0P7C–. Elementary botany. Botany. FUNGI: RUSTS. '33 294. Uredospores can produce successive crops of uredospores.—Tiie uredo- spores are carried by the wind to other wheat or grass plants, germinate,. Fig. 157. Section through leaf of barberry at point affected with the cluster-cup stage of the wheat rust; spermagoma above, ajcidia below. (After Marshall-Ward.) form mycelium in the tissues, and later the pustules with a second crop of uredospores. Several successive crops of uredospores may be developed in. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digi
RMPG3YT2–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 203 XII. MOLLISIACE^E This family differs from the Helotiaceae largely in texture, the former being tougher, and as a rule made up of hyphal cells modified in a prosenchymatic or fibrous manner. The spores are hyaline and very similar to those of the Helotiacese. The only genus of importance in producing plant diseases is Pseudopeziza.. Fig. 77 a. Alfalfa Leaf Spot. (Photograph by H. H. Whetzel) Pseudopeziza. In this genus the apothecium is formed beneath the epidermis,
![. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. 252 PLANT STUDIES produced by oceanic currents and forming the so-called " Sargasso seas," as that of the North Atlantic.. Fig. 320. A portion of a brown alga {Sargussum), showing the thallus differentiated into stem-like and leaf-like portions, and also the bladder-like floats.—After Ben- nett and Murray. 171. Eeproduction.—The two main groups of Brown Algse differ from each other in their reproduction. One, represented by the Laminarias and a majority of the forms, {•roduces zoospores and is isogamous (Fig. 217). The zoo- spores and ga Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RE1JP7/plant-studies-an-elementary-botany-botany-252-plant-studies-produced-by-oceanic-currents-and-forming-the-so-called-quot-sargasso-seasquot-as-that-of-the-north-atlantic-fig-320-a-portion-of-a-brown-alga-sargussum-showing-the-thallus-differentiated-into-stem-like-and-leaf-like-portions-and-also-the-bladder-like-floatsafter-ben-nett-and-murray-171-eeproductionthe-two-main-groups-of-brown-algse-differ-from-each-other-in-their-reproduction-one-represented-by-the-laminarias-and-a-majority-of-the-forms-roduces-zoospores-and-is-isogamous-fig-217-the-zoo-spores-and-ga-RE1JP7.jpg ". Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. 252 PLANT STUDIES produced by oceanic currents and forming the so-called " Sargasso seas," as that of the North Atlantic.. Fig. 320. A portion of a brown alga {Sargussum), showing the thallus differentiated into stem-like and leaf-like portions, and also the bladder-like floats.—After Ben- nett and Murray. 171. Eeproduction.—The two main groups of Brown Algse differ from each other in their reproduction. One, represented by the Laminarias and a majority of the forms, {•roduces zoospores and is isogamous (Fig. 217). The zoo- spores and ga Stock Photo")
RMRE1JP7–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. 252 PLANT STUDIES produced by oceanic currents and forming the so-called " Sargasso seas," as that of the North Atlantic.. Fig. 320. A portion of a brown alga {Sargussum), showing the thallus differentiated into stem-like and leaf-like portions, and also the bladder-like floats.—After Ben- nett and Murray. 171. Eeproduction.—The two main groups of Brown Algse differ from each other in their reproduction. One, represented by the Laminarias and a majority of the forms, {•roduces zoospores and is isogamous (Fig. 217). The zoo- spores and ga
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. leaf and these spots often occur in sufificient numbers to con- siderably damage the plant. The winter spores are two-celled. Spraying with dilute bordeaux has been recom- mended just as the buds are opening and the leaves are expanding, and at in- tervals later. The fallen / leaves should be burned, i * Apple scab [Venturia |* pomi (Fr.) Wint.]. Ap- ^ pie scab is by far the most serious disease of apples. The fungus first appears in early summer on the leaves of the apple tree as light, greyish, circular Fio. lS3.—Ap?le scab on the fimt. After Clmt Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EKY/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-leaf-and-these-spots-often-occur-in-sufificient-numbers-to-con-siderably-damage-the-plant-the-winter-spores-are-two-celled-spraying-with-dilute-bordeaux-has-been-recom-mended-just-as-the-buds-are-opening-and-the-leaves-are-expanding-and-at-in-tervals-later-the-fallen-leaves-should-be-burned-i-apple-scab-venturia-pomi-fr-wint-ap-pie-scab-is-by-far-the-most-serious-disease-of-apples-the-fungus-first-appears-in-early-summer-on-the-leaves-of-the-apple-tree-as-light-greyish-circular-fio-ls3aple-scab-on-the-fimt-after-clmt-PG4EKY.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. leaf and these spots often occur in sufificient numbers to con- siderably damage the plant. The winter spores are two-celled. Spraying with dilute bordeaux has been recom- mended just as the buds are opening and the leaves are expanding, and at in- tervals later. The fallen / leaves should be burned, i * Apple scab [Venturia |* pomi (Fr.) Wint.]. Ap- ^ pie scab is by far the most serious disease of apples. The fungus first appears in early summer on the leaves of the apple tree as light, greyish, circular Fio. lS3.—Ap?le scab on the fimt. After Clmt Stock Photo")
RMPG4EKY–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. leaf and these spots often occur in sufificient numbers to con- siderably damage the plant. The winter spores are two-celled. Spraying with dilute bordeaux has been recom- mended just as the buds are opening and the leaves are expanding, and at in- tervals later. The fallen / leaves should be burned, i * Apple scab [Venturia |* pomi (Fr.) Wint.]. Ap- ^ pie scab is by far the most serious disease of apples. The fungus first appears in early summer on the leaves of the apple tree as light, greyish, circular Fio. lS3.—Ap?le scab on the fimt. After Clmt
RMRE38DH–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. Fig. 8. Section of leaf of Carex paludosa, with a sorus of uredospores of P. Garicis; a, upper epidermis; 6, a vascular bundle. Most of the pedicels have lost their spores, x ISO. likewise binucleate. After a few days this mycelium begins to form the third kind of spore—the uredospore. A knot of hyphas is formed just beneath the epidermis; some of the branches turn upwards and form a regular layer parallel to the surface—the spore- bed (Fig. 8). The upper rounded cell of each hypha is divided into two daughter-
RMPG0G7C–. Diseases of greenhouse crops and their control . Vegetables; Plant diseases; Plant diseases. Fig. 6i. Palm Diseases. a. Palm smut, b. Palm smut fungus (after Stone and Smith), c. Exospo- rium leaf spot, d. cluster of spores of Exosporium palmivorum, e. individual spores of E. palmivorum, f. conidiophores of E. palmivorum (.d-e after Tre- lease), g. Sphserodothis leaf spot (after Smith, R, E.), h. anthracnose (after Halsted).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustra
RMRDE2AN–. The mushroom book. A popular guide to the identification and study of our commoner Fungi, with special emphasis on the edible varieties. Mushrooms; Cookery (Mushrooms); cbk. From Spore to Mushroom AH corn smuts, wheat smuts, leaf rusts, toadstools, puff- balls, and brackets bear their spores on club-like cells, and for this reason are put in one group, called Basidiomycetes. The fact that corn smuts and leaf rusts feed on living plants, while toad- stools, brackets, and pufifballs feed on dead plants, separates them in- to two groups ; the smuts and rustsformingthe lower group, and the other
RMPG4EMT–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 345 Club-root of cabbage, radish, turnip and other cruciferous plants (Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.). This disease is not un- common in Minnesota but the exact extent of its distribution is not known. The cause of the disease is not a true fungus but is a slime mold or fungus animal. It forms no fungus threads but produces spores somewhat similar to those of the true fungi. The spores gain entrance to the host plant, usually in the root region though the parasite may also exist in the leaf.. Fig. 179.—Club-root of turnips.
RMRDWFRX–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 255 the season's growth. These spores, called teliospores, are resting spores and tide the fungus over the winter. Furthermore these spores are uninucleate. The two nuclei which have character- ized all cells from the aecial stage on, actually fuse, forming one nucleus as the teliospores mature. Some regard this as a delayed fertilization. The teliospores germinate in the spring quite. Fig. 163. Fig. 164. Fig. 163. The summer and fall stages of a rust, Puccinia: A, rust blotches on leaf of wheat. B, portion of leaf magnified, sh
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 376 Minnesota Plant Diseases. not unlike a smut mass. The spore mass is black and powdery and the spores are, in general features, similar in appearance to the winter spores of the leaf rust. Infected plant parts should be destroyed before the spores have a chance to disperse. The Indian turnip leaf rust [Uromyces caladii (Schw.) Farl.]. This rust is sometimes found on cultivated Aroids. (See Dis- eases of Wild Plants.) Golden-rod and aster leaf rust [Coleosporium sonchi-ar- vensis ( Pers.) Lev.]. The g-olden-rod rust is an exceed- ingly abundant dis Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EJ1/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-376-minnesota-plant-diseases-not-unlike-a-smut-mass-the-spore-mass-is-black-and-powdery-and-the-spores-are-in-general-features-similar-in-appearance-to-the-winter-spores-of-the-leaf-rust-infected-plant-parts-should-be-destroyed-before-the-spores-have-a-chance-to-disperse-the-indian-turnip-leaf-rust-uromyces-caladii-schw-farl-this-rust-is-sometimes-found-on-cultivated-aroids-see-dis-eases-of-wild-plants-golden-rod-and-aster-leaf-rust-coleosporium-sonchi-ar-vensis-pers-lev-the-g-olden-rod-rust-is-an-exceed-ingly-abundant-dis-PG4EJ1.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 376 Minnesota Plant Diseases. not unlike a smut mass. The spore mass is black and powdery and the spores are, in general features, similar in appearance to the winter spores of the leaf rust. Infected plant parts should be destroyed before the spores have a chance to disperse. The Indian turnip leaf rust [Uromyces caladii (Schw.) Farl.]. This rust is sometimes found on cultivated Aroids. (See Dis- eases of Wild Plants.) Golden-rod and aster leaf rust [Coleosporium sonchi-ar- vensis ( Pers.) Lev.]. The g-olden-rod rust is an exceed- ingly abundant dis Stock Photo")
RMPG4EJ1–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 376 Minnesota Plant Diseases. not unlike a smut mass. The spore mass is black and powdery and the spores are, in general features, similar in appearance to the winter spores of the leaf rust. Infected plant parts should be destroyed before the spores have a chance to disperse. The Indian turnip leaf rust [Uromyces caladii (Schw.) Farl.]. This rust is sometimes found on cultivated Aroids. (See Dis- eases of Wild Plants.) Golden-rod and aster leaf rust [Coleosporium sonchi-ar- vensis ( Pers.) Lev.]. The g-olden-rod rust is an exceed- ingly abundant dis
RMRDD70X–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. GYMNOSPORANGIUM. 397 the species already described in remaining closed at the apex, the spores escaping through trellis-like slits on the lateral walls of the peridia (Fig. 234). This fungus will not germinate on apple-trees, but on pears every leaf may be thickly covered with aecidia and pycnidia, and considerable damage to the crop thereby ensue (Fig. 233)... Pig. 231.—Longitudinal section through a conical teleut
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. ;74 Minnesota Plant Diseases. occurs on other more or less closely related plants. The fungus mycelium gains entrance to the plant in the spring and first pro- duces cluster cups. These are followed by the summer spores, throughout the summer months, forming small red-brown patches. ]"lG. 199.—Leaf rust of roses. The cluster-cup stage on the stems and leaves. On left is a stem distorted by the cluster-cup cushions. Photograph by H. Cuzner upon large, dark, red-brown spots in great abundance, on the lower surface of the leaves. The summer-spores Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EJA/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-74-minnesota-plant-diseases-occurs-on-other-more-or-less-closely-related-plants-the-fungus-mycelium-gains-entrance-to-the-plant-in-the-spring-and-first-pro-duces-cluster-cups-these-are-followed-by-the-summer-spores-throughout-the-summer-months-forming-small-red-brown-patches-quotlg-199leaf-rust-of-roses-the-cluster-cup-stage-on-the-stems-and-leaves-on-left-is-a-stem-distorted-by-the-cluster-cup-cushions-photograph-by-h-cuzner-upon-large-dark-red-brown-spots-in-great-abundance-on-the-lower-surface-of-the-leaves-the-summer-spores-PG4EJA.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. ;74 Minnesota Plant Diseases. occurs on other more or less closely related plants. The fungus mycelium gains entrance to the plant in the spring and first pro- duces cluster cups. These are followed by the summer spores, throughout the summer months, forming small red-brown patches. ]"lG. 199.—Leaf rust of roses. The cluster-cup stage on the stems and leaves. On left is a stem distorted by the cluster-cup cushions. Photograph by H. Cuzner upon large, dark, red-brown spots in great abundance, on the lower surface of the leaves. The summer-spores Stock Photo")
RMPG4EJA–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. ;74 Minnesota Plant Diseases. occurs on other more or less closely related plants. The fungus mycelium gains entrance to the plant in the spring and first pro- duces cluster cups. These are followed by the summer spores, throughout the summer months, forming small red-brown patches. ]"lG. 199.—Leaf rust of roses. The cluster-cup stage on the stems and leaves. On left is a stem distorted by the cluster-cup cushions. Photograph by H. Cuzner upon large, dark, red-brown spots in great abundance, on the lower surface of the leaves. The summer-spores
RMRE0P23–. Elementary botany. Botany. FERNS. 169 351. Opening of tlie sporangium and dispersion of the spores.—If we take some fresh fruiting leaves of the Christmas fern, or of any one of many of the species of the true ferns just at the ripening of the spores, and place a portion of it on apiece of white paper in a dry room, in a very short time we shall see that the paper is being dusted with minute brown objects which fly out from the leaf. Now if we take a portion of the same leaf and place it under the low power of the microscope, so that the full rounded sporangia can be seen, in a short time we
RMPG45GE–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 622 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE flask-shaped, strongly constricted at the septa, olive, 40-60 x 10-17 n. Circular leaf-spots are produced on violets. Spores are found on the spots only when conditions are most favorable, i. e., in a humid air. The parasitism of the fungus was demonstrated by inocula- tion with spores on living leaves in distilled water. A. panax Whet.^^e Spots amphigenous, circular, becoming dingy white with a. Fig. 420.—Alter- n a r i a. Spores and spore-bear- ing stalks. Af- ter van Hook.. Please note tha
RMRE1NDC–. A text-book of elementary botany. Botany. 96 ELEMENTARY BOTANY. smaller flask-shaped bodies, called spermogonia (Fig. 121), containing hair-like filaments, which break up into exceed- ingly small bodies, called the spermatia. The exact function Spermogonia „ Spermogoma ^Ecidium. Jlcidmm Fig. 121. of these is not known. The Escidiospores germinate, and when on the proper host-plants the germ-tube grows through the stomates. A dense mycelium is then formed in the paren- chyma of the leaf; from this mycelium grow pedicelled spores, called uredospores. They form, when they burst through the epid
RMPG46A0–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 277 globose, with a short, conical ostiole, walls black, carbonous to leathery; asci cylindric, 8-spored; spores elliptic, continuous, brown, imappendaged; paraphyses usually present. Over one hundred species, chiefly sapro- phytes. A. sullae Montem. occurs as the cause of a leaf spot on sulla.^** Fig. 206.—a. des- A. bohiensis (Hmp.) Speg. is on cacao; Z^g,I'^^ut^^S; A. destruens Sh. on cranberry; spores; 11, germi- Dating spore. After A. coffese Desm. on coffee.™* ^^ Shear. Valsaceae (p. 223) S
![. Outlines of botany for the high school laboratory and classroom (based on Gray's Lessons in botany) Prepared at the request of the Botanical Dept. of Harvard University. Botany; Botany. 210 CHyPTOGAMS raiiq-ia, all of one sort, are borne in leaf axils (s, Fig-. 357 The sporangia! leaves are usually grouped apart in a " fruit- ing " spike. Spores are of one kind, and give rise to protliallia which in many species are fleshy, tuberculate bodies, leading a more or less subterranean existence. Fertilization and the growth of the sporophyte have much the same history as in Ferns. 490. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDX16F/outlines-of-botany-for-the-high-school-laboratory-and-classroom-based-on-grays-lessons-in-botany-prepared-at-the-request-of-the-botanical-dept-of-harvard-university-botany-botany-210-chyptogams-raiiq-ia-all-of-one-sort-are-borne-in-leaf-axils-s-fig-357-the-sporangia!-leaves-are-usually-grouped-apart-in-a-quot-fruit-ing-quot-spike-spores-are-of-one-kind-and-give-rise-to-protliallia-which-in-many-species-are-fleshy-tuberculate-bodies-leading-a-more-or-less-subterranean-existence-fertilization-and-the-growth-of-the-sporophyte-have-much-the-same-history-as-in-ferns-490-RDX16F.jpg ". Outlines of botany for the high school laboratory and classroom (based on Gray's Lessons in botany) Prepared at the request of the Botanical Dept. of Harvard University. Botany; Botany. 210 CHyPTOGAMS raiiq-ia, all of one sort, are borne in leaf axils (s, Fig-. 357 The sporangia! leaves are usually grouped apart in a " fruit- ing " spike. Spores are of one kind, and give rise to protliallia which in many species are fleshy, tuberculate bodies, leading a more or less subterranean existence. Fertilization and the growth of the sporophyte have much the same history as in Ferns. 490. Stock Photo")
RMRDX16F–. Outlines of botany for the high school laboratory and classroom (based on Gray's Lessons in botany) Prepared at the request of the Botanical Dept. of Harvard University. Botany; Botany. 210 CHyPTOGAMS raiiq-ia, all of one sort, are borne in leaf axils (s, Fig-. 357 The sporangia! leaves are usually grouped apart in a " fruit- ing " spike. Spores are of one kind, and give rise to protliallia which in many species are fleshy, tuberculate bodies, leading a more or less subterranean existence. Fertilization and the growth of the sporophyte have much the same history as in Ferns. 490.
RMPG46EM–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 246 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE. FiQ. 180.—M. sentina, Septona stage. Portion of a section through a pear leaf spot, showing e, e, epidermis; p, pali- sade cells sp, spongy parenchyma; o, S. piricola pycnidium, giving out spores, b. After Longyear. M. sentina (Fr.) Schr. Perithecia, 80-110 /i; on dead spots of leaves, the long ostiole erumpent; asci clavate, 60-75 x 11-13 fi, colorless; spores fusiform, curved or straight, 26-33 x Conidia (=Septoria piricola) borne in pycnidia which are similar in size and form to the perit
RMRDWCWD–. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. Fig. 356. — Stage of the Wheat Rust on the Barberry bush, Berberis wlgaris. Left, leaf of Barberry, showing the affected areas which are red- dish, much thickened, and contain many cup-like depressions; right, a very much enlarged section through the affected area of the leaf, showing one of the cvips (c) with chains of aeciospores (X 200). The very small spores at (p) are the pycniospores.. Fig. 357. —Diagram showing the life cycle of the Wheat Rust. A, wheat plants; B, barberry bush; u, urediniospore; i, teleospore; s, basidiospores; a, aecio
RMRE378H–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. ON JUNCACE^ 239 On Luzula campestris, L. maxima, L. pilosa. Uredospores, May—July; teleutospores, September—November. (Fig. 184.). Fig. 184. P. oblongata. Teleutospores (one abnormal) and a mesospore; h, uredospores; all on same leaf of L. pilosa. The uredospores are said to be always smooth, more or less obovate, and often irregular. It is stated by Sydow that they can survive the winter. Fischer figures anomalous spores, of both kinds, including three- celled and one-celled teleutospores. Plowright's suggesti
RMRDYFY0–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. would seem to be a ves- After TuLASNE. tigial one. The other structure produced by the my- celium in the barberry leaf is the aecidium or clusterciip. The aecidia usually appear in groups on the lower leaf surface, each opening upon the surface as a cup containing numer- ous simple sporophores bearing rows of spores, „,, , , the aecidiospores (fig. 196). The scattered Fig. 195. — Wheal rust: a r o y / spermogonium (producing aecidiospores that fall upon young wheat spermatia) arising from the plants germinate, the host is penet
RMRDE4FH–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 121 leaf or pocket, and at right-angles to its surface. They arise just under the cuticle which is pushed up and sloughed off as the spore-sacs ripen. No breeding act has been seen to pre- cede the spore-sac formation. The sac-spores are often capa- ble of budding in yeast fashion when placed in sugar solutions, and in some of the fungi they bud in this fashion before they are released from the sac so that the latter may then contain a large number of spores. In addition to the efifect upon fruit and foliage of plums, these
RMRDWAMX–. Textbook of botany. Botany. 124 TEXTBOOK OF BOTANY In the central part of the macrosporc sac, four macrospores are formed (Fig. 73, C) ; they are much larger than micro- spores. All the spores that we have studied hitherto were produced in such a way that when they were ripe they could escape from the parent plant. But the macrospores of the. Fig. 73. — A, a macrospore leaf of the pine bearing two macrospore sacs (ovules). 5, a lengthwise section of a macrospore leaf; i, integument; m, micropyle. C, part of a lengthwise section of an ovule on a larger scale, showing the four macrospores. pin
RMRDGYYT–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. Fig. 931. —A leaf of Ficus religiosa^ a tree of the tropical rain forest, showing a so- called dripping point (d). —After Stahl. Fig. 932. — A portion of a leaf of a tropical Asplenium^ illustrating reproduction by leaves; on the under sides of the ultimate leaf divisions (pinnules) are fruit dots or sori (i), in which are sporangia with their spores; on the upper sides of the pinnules are bulbils (6), which here have germi- nated while connected with the parent plant, giving rise to bulblings whose leaves (/) already are conspic
RMRDWFWD–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 252 DEVELOPMENT OF A RUST bodies which rupture the epidermis and finally open out into cups filled with chains of yellowish spores. An examination of Fig. 162 shows that these spores are formed in rows at the end of hyphae and surrounded by a layer of rather thick-walled hyphae. This stage of the rust is known as the cluster cup or aecial stage and the spores are called aeciospores. Often smaller spore-bear?. ^. Fig. 162. Cluster cups as seen in section of leaf of spring beauty, Clay- tonia. At right one of the cups is ruptured, exposing the aeciospo
RMRDGFBJ–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. ^(128 Figs. 1128, 1129. — Reproduction by asexual spores in a fern (Aspidium): 1128, a leaf segment (pinnule) with fruit dots (sori), each with a shield-shaped cover (indusium); 1129, a cross section through a sorus, showing the indusium (i) and long-stalked sporangia (s); 1129 considerably magnified. — After Wossidlo. megaspores to female plants, whereas the spores of most homosporous ferns give rise to plants that bear both male and female organs. The spores of most pteridofihytes are scattered by the wind, and they are well fi
RMRDFDY2–. Manual of tree diseases . Trees. 238 MANUAL OF TREE DISEASES veins, large areas are killed and the tip of the leaf frequently dies. The dead areas become light brown and very much wrinkled. Minute darker brown pustules the size of a pin- head or smaller are scattered over the dead area. Small globules of sticky spores are developed from these pustules in rainy weather and the spores may be washed to all parts. Fig. 44. — Leaf-blight of oak. of the tree, causing the infection of other leaves. The twigs are sometimes affected, but this symptom is less frequent in oak than in sycamore. The life
RMRDRD2B–. Introduction to botany. Botany. w Fig. 141. A, clusters of uredospores of wheat rust breaking through the epiderinis between the parallel veins of a leaf of wheat. B, a cross section through one of the spore clusters of A, showing the uredospores highly magnified. to other leaves by the wind, put forth enter the leaf through the stomata.. Fig. 142. Photomicrograph of a cross section of a grass leaf parasitized by Puccinia. The mycelium of the fungus extends through the leaf and bears clus- ters of teleutospores at the upper surface. minate and produce filaments, each spores (Fig. 143) which
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 364 Minnesota Plant Diseases.. Fic. 194.—Black rot of apple. After Clinton. fruit, when attacked, turns at first a reddish brown but later be- comes blaclf. On attacked portions of the tree the fungus pro- duces its spores. It is an "imperfect" fungus and produces spores in small capsules, which appear on the leaf, twig or fruit spots as tiny black warts. These open to the exterior by minute pores through which the spores, which are cut off of threads lin- ing the interior of the capsule, are thrown out. The treatment which is used against Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDE33M/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-364-minnesota-plant-diseases-fic-194black-rot-of-apple-after-clinton-fruit-when-attacked-turns-at-first-a-reddish-brown-but-later-be-comes-blaclf-on-attacked-portions-of-the-tree-the-fungus-pro-duces-its-spores-it-is-an-quotimperfectquot-fungus-and-produces-spores-in-small-capsules-which-appear-on-the-leaf-twig-or-fruit-spots-as-tiny-black-warts-these-open-to-the-exterior-by-minute-pores-through-which-the-spores-which-are-cut-off-of-threads-lin-ing-the-interior-of-the-capsule-are-thrown-out-the-treatment-which-is-used-against-RDE33M.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 364 Minnesota Plant Diseases.. Fic. 194.—Black rot of apple. After Clinton. fruit, when attacked, turns at first a reddish brown but later be- comes blaclf. On attacked portions of the tree the fungus pro- duces its spores. It is an "imperfect" fungus and produces spores in small capsules, which appear on the leaf, twig or fruit spots as tiny black warts. These open to the exterior by minute pores through which the spores, which are cut off of threads lin- ing the interior of the capsule, are thrown out. The treatment which is used against Stock Photo")
RMRDE33M–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 364 Minnesota Plant Diseases.. Fic. 194.—Black rot of apple. After Clinton. fruit, when attacked, turns at first a reddish brown but later be- comes blaclf. On attacked portions of the tree the fungus pro- duces its spores. It is an "imperfect" fungus and produces spores in small capsules, which appear on the leaf, twig or fruit spots as tiny black warts. These open to the exterior by minute pores through which the spores, which are cut off of threads lin- ing the interior of the capsule, are thrown out. The treatment which is used against
RMRD7YDK–. Manual of gardening; a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use. Gardening. rusty appearance, due to the development of the spores or fruiting bodies. Fig. 211 illustrates the ravages of one of the parasitic fungi, the shot- hole fungus of the plum. Each spot probably rep- resents a distinct attack of the fungus, and in this particular disease these inj ured parts of tissue are liable to fall out, leaving 211. Shot-hole disease of plum. holes in the leaf. Plum leaves that are attacked early in the sea- son by this disease u
RMRDA873–. Beginners' botany. Botany. Fig. 256. — Common Polypode Fern. Polypodium vulgare. Fig. 257. —Sori and Spo- rangium OF Polypode. A chain of cells lies along the top of the sporangium, which springs back elasti- cally on drying, thus dis- seminating the spores. Fig. 258. —The Brake Fruits underneath THE Revolute Edges of the Leaf. The sporangia are collected into little groups, known as sori (singular, sorus) or fruit-dots. Each sorus is covered with a thin scale or shield, known as an indusium. This indusium sepa- rates from the frond at its edges, and the sporangia are exposed. Not all ferns
RMRDYHCH–. The mushroom book : a popular guide to the identification and study of our commoner fungi, with special emphasis on the edible varieties . Mushrooms; Mushrooms, Edible; Cookery (Mushrooms); cbk. Section to show gills All corn smuts, wheat smuts, leaf rusts, toadstools, puff- balls, and brackets bear their spores on club-like cells, and for this reason are put in one group, called Basidiomycetes. The fact that corn smuts and leaf rusts feed on living plants, while toad- stools, brackets, and puffballs feed on dead plants, separates them in- to two groups ; the smuts and rustsforming the lower
RMRDCX30–. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. 400 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES developed. In their full maturity they appear as black specks. The tissue about them is yellowish. These bodies are not found on all leaves nor on all leaflets of a given leaf. Two or three weeks after the appearance of these structures evidence of rust is seen on the lower surface of the leaves. When mature, these bodies (sori) break open and expose an orange-colored mass of spores; whence the name orange-rust. Ordi- narily these sori with their spore- masses practically cover the lower sur- face of the leaf. Affected leaves are
RMRDWFWG–. Elementary botany. Botany. FEANS. 169 351. Opening of the sporangium and dispersion of the spores.—If we take some fresh fruiting leaves of the Christmas fern, or of any one of many of the species of the true ferns just at the ripening of the spores, and place a portion of it on apiece of white paper in a dry room, in a very short time we will see that the paper is being dusted with minute brown objects which fly out from the leaf. Now if we take a portion of the same leaf and place it under the low power of the microscope, so that the full rounded sporangia can be seen, in a short time we w
RMRDWAR2–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. PTEKIDOPHYTES 149 Among the Bryophytes the sporogenous tissue appears very early in the development of the sporogonium, the pro- duction of spores being its only function ; also there is a. Fig. 129, A moonwort (Botrychi- um), showing the leaf differen- tiated into foliage and sporophvll branches.—After Stkasburger. Fig. 130. The adder's tongue (Ophioglossum vulgattnti), showing two leaves, each with a foliage branch and a much longer sporophyll branch.—After iMiRiox Sat-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may hav
![. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. Fig. 37.—Horsetail {"Egtiue- tvm Telmateia: 1, top of fertile stem, 'with cone of spores; 2, a scale from the cone, with its spore-cases and stalk; 3, a spore with its four filaments un- coiled ; 4, spore with coiled filaments. The leaves sleep at night. The little starchy fruits, about the size of peppercorns, are Fig. 38.—ManUea macropus^ or Salvatrix; showing sporocarps on the creeping root, near the hases of the long leaf-stalks. Plant entire. edible. Those of the Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDHCWT/botany-for-academies-and-colleges-consisting-of-plant-development-and-structure-from-seaweed-to-clematis-botany-1889-fig-37horsetail-quotegtiue-tvm-telmateia-1-top-of-fertile-stem-with-cone-of-spores-2-a-scale-from-the-cone-with-its-spore-cases-and-stalk-3-a-spore-with-its-four-filaments-un-coiled-4-spore-with-coiled-filaments-the-leaves-sleep-at-night-the-little-starchy-fruits-about-the-size-of-peppercorns-are-fig-38manuea-macropus-or-salvatrix-showing-sporocarps-on-the-creeping-root-near-the-hases-of-the-long-leaf-stalks-plant-entire-edible-those-of-the-RDHCWT.jpg ". Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. Fig. 37.—Horsetail {"Egtiue- tvm Telmateia: 1, top of fertile stem, 'with cone of spores; 2, a scale from the cone, with its spore-cases and stalk; 3, a spore with its four filaments un- coiled ; 4, spore with coiled filaments. The leaves sleep at night. The little starchy fruits, about the size of peppercorns, are Fig. 38.—ManUea macropus^ or Salvatrix; showing sporocarps on the creeping root, near the hases of the long leaf-stalks. Plant entire. edible. Those of the Stock Photo")
RMRDHCWT–. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. Fig. 37.—Horsetail {"Egtiue- tvm Telmateia: 1, top of fertile stem, 'with cone of spores; 2, a scale from the cone, with its spore-cases and stalk; 3, a spore with its four filaments un- coiled ; 4, spore with coiled filaments. The leaves sleep at night. The little starchy fruits, about the size of peppercorns, are Fig. 38.—ManUea macropus^ or Salvatrix; showing sporocarps on the creeping root, near the hases of the long leaf-stalks. Plant entire. edible. Those of the
RMRE3CHH–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. BA S IDIOM YCE TES 389 and forms on the surface a hymenium of club-shaped basids each of which produces four basidiospores. The spores divide at maturity trans- versely into four cells, only the two end cells of which germinate, doubt- less at the expense of the contents of the remaining two. The germ- tubes penetrate the epiderm of the leaf of the host, and a new mycele is formed which again bears basids. If, however, germination takes place elsewhere than on the proper host-plant, and conditions for the vegeta- tion of the fungus be otherwise f
![. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. Fig. 37.—Horsetail {"Egtiue- tvm Telmateia: 1, top of fertile stem, 'with cone of spores; 2, a scale from the cone, with its spore-cases and stalk; 3, a spore with its four filaments un- coiled ; 4, spore with coiled filaments. The leaves sleep at night. The little starchy fruits, about the size of peppercorns, are Fig. 38.—ManUea macropus^ or Salvatrix; showing sporocarps on the creeping root, near the hases of the long leaf-stalks. Plant entire. edible. Those of the Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDHCX3/botany-for-academies-and-colleges-consisting-of-plant-development-and-structure-from-seaweed-to-clematis-botany-1889-fig-37horsetail-quotegtiue-tvm-telmateia-1-top-of-fertile-stem-with-cone-of-spores-2-a-scale-from-the-cone-with-its-spore-cases-and-stalk-3-a-spore-with-its-four-filaments-un-coiled-4-spore-with-coiled-filaments-the-leaves-sleep-at-night-the-little-starchy-fruits-about-the-size-of-peppercorns-are-fig-38manuea-macropus-or-salvatrix-showing-sporocarps-on-the-creeping-root-near-the-hases-of-the-long-leaf-stalks-plant-entire-edible-those-of-the-RDHCX3.jpg ". Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. Fig. 37.—Horsetail {"Egtiue- tvm Telmateia: 1, top of fertile stem, 'with cone of spores; 2, a scale from the cone, with its spore-cases and stalk; 3, a spore with its four filaments un- coiled ; 4, spore with coiled filaments. The leaves sleep at night. The little starchy fruits, about the size of peppercorns, are Fig. 38.—ManUea macropus^ or Salvatrix; showing sporocarps on the creeping root, near the hases of the long leaf-stalks. Plant entire. edible. Those of the Stock Photo")
RMRDHCX3–. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. Fig. 37.—Horsetail {"Egtiue- tvm Telmateia: 1, top of fertile stem, 'with cone of spores; 2, a scale from the cone, with its spore-cases and stalk; 3, a spore with its four filaments un- coiled ; 4, spore with coiled filaments. The leaves sleep at night. The little starchy fruits, about the size of peppercorns, are Fig. 38.—ManUea macropus^ or Salvatrix; showing sporocarps on the creeping root, near the hases of the long leaf-stalks. Plant entire. edible. Those of the
RMRE2MKF–. Elementary botany. Botany. J-JiJiNS. 255 535. Opening of the sporangium and dispersion of the spores. — If we take some fresh fruiting leaves of the Christmas fern, or of any one of many of the species of the true ferns just at the ripening of the spores, and place a portion of it on apiece of white paper in a dry room, in a very short time we shall see that the paper is being dusted with minute brown objects which fly out from the leaf. Now if we take a portion of the same leaf and place it under the low power of the microscope, so that the full rounded sporangia can be seen, in a short tim
![. Practical agriculture [microform]. Agriculture; Agriculture. J.N Uit Fig. 65.—Section of a diseasad plum leaf, spores bein r thrown off. a Spores very much enlarged- See Figs. 42 and 43. Fig. 64.—Disease in a plum leaf. open we prevent the spread of the early growing spores. The spraying must be repeated several times, as various diseases start to grow at different times. As a rule the best fruit-growers combine their spraying for insects and for diseases—thus they make a mixture of bluestone and of Paris green, the former to kill the disease spores, and the latter to poison some of the inse Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ2T62/practical-agriculture-microform-agriculture-agriculture-jn-uit-fig-65section-of-a-diseasad-plum-leaf-spores-bein-r-thrown-off-a-spores-very-much-enlarged-see-figs-42-and-43-fig-64disease-in-a-plum-leaf-open-we-prevent-the-spread-of-the-early-growing-spores-the-spraying-must-be-repeated-several-times-as-various-diseases-start-to-grow-at-different-times-as-a-rule-the-best-fruit-growers-combine-their-spraying-for-insects-and-for-diseasesthus-they-make-a-mixture-of-bluestone-and-of-paris-green-the-former-to-kill-the-disease-spores-and-the-latter-to-poison-some-of-the-inse-RJ2T62.jpg ". Practical agriculture [microform]. Agriculture; Agriculture. J.N Uit Fig. 65.—Section of a diseasad plum leaf, spores bein r thrown off. a Spores very much enlarged- See Figs. 42 and 43. Fig. 64.—Disease in a plum leaf. open we prevent the spread of the early growing spores. The spraying must be repeated several times, as various diseases start to grow at different times. As a rule the best fruit-growers combine their spraying for insects and for diseases—thus they make a mixture of bluestone and of Paris green, the former to kill the disease spores, and the latter to poison some of the inse Stock Photo")
RMRJ2T62–. Practical agriculture [microform]. Agriculture; Agriculture. J.N Uit Fig. 65.—Section of a diseasad plum leaf, spores bein r thrown off. a Spores very much enlarged- See Figs. 42 and 43. Fig. 64.—Disease in a plum leaf. open we prevent the spread of the early growing spores. The spraying must be repeated several times, as various diseases start to grow at different times. As a rule the best fruit-growers combine their spraying for insects and for diseases—thus they make a mixture of bluestone and of Paris green, the former to kill the disease spores, and the latter to poison some of the inse
![. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 377- Longitudinal section of a leaf of Wheat, sliowing a tuft of Uredo-spores bursting tlnrough tfie epidermis. Highly magnified, (.fter ]farshall Ward.) leaves of the Wheat plant, which results again in the growth of a mycelium bearing the uredo-spores. There are thus two stages of the disease, the one on the Wheat or other Grasses, the other on the Barberry. Long before it was proved that these two different- looking diseases were only stages in one life-history, a connection between the two had been suspected. It was thought that the. I-IG. 37S. Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDY61M/botany-of-the-living-plant-botany-fig-377-longitudinal-section-of-a-leaf-of-wheat-sliowing-a-tuft-of-uredo-spores-bursting-tlnrough-tfie-epidermis-highly-magnified-fter-farshall-ward-leaves-of-the-wheat-plant-which-results-again-in-the-growth-of-a-mycelium-bearing-the-uredo-spores-there-are-thus-two-stages-of-the-disease-the-one-on-the-wheat-or-other-grasses-the-other-on-the-barberry-long-before-it-was-proved-that-these-two-different-looking-diseases-were-only-stages-in-one-life-history-a-connection-between-the-two-had-been-suspected-it-was-thought-that-the-i-ig-37s-RDY61M.jpg ". Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 377- Longitudinal section of a leaf of Wheat, sliowing a tuft of Uredo-spores bursting tlnrough tfie epidermis. Highly magnified, (.fter ]farshall Ward.) leaves of the Wheat plant, which results again in the growth of a mycelium bearing the uredo-spores. There are thus two stages of the disease, the one on the Wheat or other Grasses, the other on the Barberry. Long before it was proved that these two different- looking diseases were only stages in one life-history, a connection between the two had been suspected. It was thought that the. I-IG. 37S. Stock Photo")
RMRDY61M–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 377- Longitudinal section of a leaf of Wheat, sliowing a tuft of Uredo-spores bursting tlnrough tfie epidermis. Highly magnified, (.fter ]farshall Ward.) leaves of the Wheat plant, which results again in the growth of a mycelium bearing the uredo-spores. There are thus two stages of the disease, the one on the Wheat or other Grasses, the other on the Barberry. Long before it was proved that these two different- looking diseases were only stages in one life-history, a connection between the two had been suspected. It was thought that the. I-IG. 37S.
RMRPXMD3–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. 368 MUSCINF.JE. surface of the ground from the time that the spores become ripe till the next autumn, when the root-hairs again produce a new protonema, and upon this new stems arise. Similar outgrowths from the roots occur also, according to Schimper, in the felted protonema of some species of Polyirichum (P. nanum and abides) on the slopes of hollow roads, and on that of Schisloskga osmundacea in dark hollows. The root-hairs may also immediately produce leaf-buds, and behave, in this respect, exactly like the protonema. When the
RMRDDA62–. Lessons in botany. Botany. FERN'S. 161 leaf and place it under the low power of the microscope, so that the full rounded sporangia can be seen, in a short time we note that the sporangium opens, the upper half curls backward as shown in fig. 138, and soon it snaps quickly, to near its former position, and the spores are at the same time thrown for a considerable distance. This movement can sometimes be seen with the aid of a good hand lens. 266. How does this opening and snapping of the sporan- gium take place ?—We are now more curious than ever to see just how this opening and how the snapp
RMRE36YJ–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. LIFE HISTORY OF A FERN 155 cluster of tiny stalked cases. The cases contain minute unicellular reproductive bodies called spores, and the en- Fig. 114.—Cross-section through the marginal sorus of a sporophyll of the bracken fern {Pteris aquilina). I, palisade layer;/6, vascular bundle; sp, sporangium; in, indusium. (Greatly magnified.) tire structure is a sporangium. The place where the sporangia are attached to the leaf is the sporangiophore^. Fig. 115.—Cyrtomium Jalcatum. Under (dorsal) surface of a portion of a sporophyll, showing the numerous sori on the p
RMRE1NNX–. A text-book of elementary botany. Botany. 66 ELEMENTARY BOTANY. thickening has a reticulate or net like form (Fig. 99). In the case of isolated cells, like pollen grains and spores, spines, papillae, or ridges are occasionally developed. 6. The important substance called leaf-green, or chlorophyll (Gr. cMoros, green ; phyllon, leaf), is found in many cells of the common plants. It is a green coloring matter which is solu- ble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, etc. When it is removed by these solvents a protoplasmic grain remains. Chlorophyll de- velops in cells exposed to sunlight or electric l
Search Results for Leaf with spores Black & White Stock Photos and Images (459)
Page 3 of 5