RMRDDC42–. Photomicrographs of botanical studies. Photomicrography. 12 PhotoinicrograpJis of Botanical Studies. 3.—T.S. Female conceptacle, fucus vesiculosus. m^.. Limiting tissue of thallus. Pr(jtective hairs. Oogonia in varicius stages of development. iMouth of conceptacle. 4.—Y.S. Apothecia, Parmelia parietina.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Flatters, Milborne & McKechnie Ltd. Manchester : Flaters, Milborne
RF2TCK2BJ–Xanthoparmelia tinctina or Parmelia tinctina is a foliose lichen that grows on siliceous rocks.
RM2BXCJEK–Parmelia thysanota Kurok in Hale Kurok Parmelia thysanota Kurok in Hale Kurok.
RF2BH1THR–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDX427–. Lichens. Lichens. 28 CONSTITUENTS OF THE LICHEN THALLUS growing cells of Protococcus^ viridis and formed the early stages of a lichen thallus. Woronin^ contributed his observations on the gonidia of Parmelia (Physcid) pulveridenta which he isolated from the thallus and cultivated in pure water. He confirmed the occurrence of cell division in the gonidia and also the formation of zoospores, these again forming new colonies of algae identical in all respects with the thalline gonidia. He was able to see the germinating tube from a lichen spore attach itself to a gonidium, though he failed in h
RF2RD8B7K–Peppered rock-shield (Parmelia conspersa or Xanthoparmelia conspersa) is a foliose lichen with the thallus appressed or loosely attached to the substr
RM2C1J6X1–Parmelia connivens Kurok in Hale Kurok Parmelia connivens Kurok in Hale Kurok.
RF2BH1TJJ–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGKACE–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. PARMELIA {AMPHIGYMNIA) IN EAST AFRICA 219 As mentioned under 'Circumscription of the species' we have found the variation in the vegetative propagules unsuitable for a taxonomic division at species level in this case. There is no difference between P. tinctorum and P. pseudotinctorum in characters of spores and conidia, perforation of the apothecia, or substrate preference. Both morphotypes have their main distribution between 1000 and 2000 m altitude, with occasional records up to 2700 m, but only P. tinctorum s. str. has bee
RF2TCK2B9–Xanthoparmelia conspersa or Parmelia conspersa is a foliose lichen. Thallus and apothecia detail. This photo was taken in La Albera, Girona province,
RM2BXCJC1–Parmelia eruptens Kurok in Hale Kurok Parmelia eruptens Kurok in Hale Kurok.
RF2BH1RJY–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRJC013–. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi ???????????????. botany. 116, Hypogymnia delavayi 121. Parmelia mexicana. 123. Parmelia adaugescens. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. shang hai zi ran bo wu guan bian zhu?????????. shang hai ke xue ji shu chu ban she?????????
RM2C1JB2F–Parmelia sulcata Taylor in J Mackay Parmelia sulcata Taylor in J Mackay.
RF2BH1RFY–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDTPBF–. Lichens. Lichens. ISO MORPHOLOGY. The development of the isidial outgrowth has been described by Rosen- dahP in several species of Parmelia. In one of them, P:papulosa, which has a cortical layer one cell thick, the isidium begins as a small swelling or wart on the upper surface of the thallus. At that stage the cells of the cortex have already lost their normal arrangement and show irregular division. They divide still further, as gonidia and hyphae push their way up. The full-grown isidia in this species are cylindrical or clavate, simple or branched. They are peculiar in that they bear la
RM2C1JAJW–Parmelia ensifolia Kurok in Hale Kurok Parmelia ensifolia Kurok in Hale Kurok.
RF2BH1RFW–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MPH–. The Bryologist. Bryology; Bryology -- Periodicals. —6i — Parmelia stygia (L.) Ach. The dark brown, almost black, of the thallus of this species is a distinguishing mark. It is smooth and shining, the lobes are linear, many cleft and contorted, with curved tips. Beneath it is black, with fine fibrils. The apothecia are not common, the disk is very dark chestnut, with granulate margin. This species is found on rocks in the higher mountains of the Eastern States. It is very abundant in Alaska.. Fig. 6. (Reduced !^.) P. conspcrsa. Parmelia conspersa (Ehrh.) Ach. (Fig. 6.) Thallus divided into sl
RM2C1JB12–Parmelia kauaiensis Zahlbr in H Magn Zahlbr Parmelia kauaiensis Zahlbr in H Magn Zahlbr.
RF2BH1RR4–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RF2BH1RK3–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH80B5–. Botany of the living plant. Botany; Plants. B Fig. 326. A =Xanthoria (Parmelia) parietina, the common foliaceous yellow Lichen. B =Cladonia rangiferina, a fruticose Lichen. Both bear ascus-fruits, and are shown natural size. (After Strasburger.) in the thallus, often in a definite gonidial layer. These cells are closely invested by the fungal constituent, which is composed of septate and branched hyphae, twigs of which enwrap the algal cells, establishing intimate physiological relations (Fig. 327). Not only does this dual organism flourish, but it may also propagate as such. In wet weather
RF2BH1THW–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRHRN11–. Bilder-Atlas des Pflanzenreichs nach dem natürlichen System. Bilder-Atlas; Pflanzenreich; Botanik; Natürliches System; Pflanzen; Naturgeschichte; Systematik; Nomenklatur; Lehrmittel. 7. atcnntterfledjte Cladonia rangiferina 5. Stofettrote sßiljfledjte Baeomyces roseus.. 4. 2ßcmbfted)te. Parmelia parietina. CU 8. 3§Icmbtfcf)eS Sfltoo§ Cetraria islandica.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Willkomm, Moritz, 18
RF2BE66XY–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRHM3NH–. A biological study of Polypodium polypodioides (resurrection fern) as an air plant in Mississippi... Polypodium; Ferns. 8. top of the tree the fern was generally replaced â by- lichens. Very commonly thetfem was found growing in close association with the liverwort Frullania virginica. with the mosses Entodon cladorrhizans.Clasmatodon parvulus and in a few cases also with Orthotrichum 0 ohiense or Leucodp .julaceus.Practically the only lichen associated with the polypody was Parmelia centrata.. fm^ Fig.5 Crataegus sp, bearing the epiphytic polypody. This form was abundant on the lower branch
RF2BE66YX–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MP7–. The Bryologist. Bryology; Bryology -- Periodicals. Fig. 6. (Reduced !^.) P. conspcrsa. Parmelia conspersa (Ehrh.) Ach. (Fig. 6.) Thallus divided into slender lobes which are smooth and polished. At the centre are sometimes found greenish soredia, but more fre- quently apothecia are present; these vary in size, are sometimes very large. The disk is dark chestnut with entire margin when young, which becomes wavy and broken with age. Beneath, the thallus is usually very dark, with fine fibrils here and there. Found on rocks and stones in great abundance, and usually fertile. It clings closely t
RF2BE672J–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDX2R9–. Lichens. Lichens. Fig. 131. Parmelia revoluia var. concentrica Cromb. a, plant on flint with detached fragment; b, upper surface of three specimens; <r, three specimens as found on chalk downs; d, specimens in section showing central cavity (S. H., Photo.). 17—2. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Smith, Annie Lorrain. Cambridge, At the University Press
RF2BE66Y7–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDTN0J–. A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical. In two parts. Part I. Outlines of organography, anatomy, and physiology. Part II. Descriptions and illustrations of the orders. By Emm. Le Maout [and] J. Decaisne. With 5500 figures by L. Steinheil and A. Riocreux. Translated from the original by Mrs. Hooker. The orders arranged after the method followed in the universities and schools of Great Britain, its colonies, America, and India; with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders, by J.D. Hooker. Botany. Parmelia parietina. Vertical section of thallus
RF2BE678N–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRJBYWB–. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi ???????????????. botany. 152. Parmelia praesorediosa. 153. Parmelia tinctorum 154. Parmelia ultralucens ??15. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. shang hai zi ran bo wu guan bian zhu?????????. shang hai ke xue ji shu chu ban she?????????
RF2BE66YC–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDTG96–. Elementary botany. Botany. 3i8 F.COLOG V. 598. Others regard the lichens as autonomous plants, that is, the two or-' ganisms have by this long-continued community of existence become unified into an individualized organism, which possesses a habit and mode of life. Sfflg? >i -£ Fig. 419. Section of fruit body or apothecium of lichen (parmelia), showing asci and spores of the fungus. distinct from that of either of the organisms forming the component parts. This community of existence between two different organisms is called by some mutualisjn, or symbiosis. Nitrogen gatherers. 599. How c
RF2BE66YD–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRE2FEE–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. 33° STRUCTURE AND LIFE HISTORIES. Fig. 238.—A lichen, Parmelia perlala (,L.) Acli. i. Plant, slightly reduced in size; a, apothecia', h, lobe of thallus; c, soredialpatches. The soredia are vegetative reproductive bodies composed of both algal and fun- gal elements, and therefore able to reproduce the lichen; the ascospores,. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Gager, C. Stuart
RF2BE66YJ–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRE1N73–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 419. Section of fruit body or apothecium of lichen (parmelia), sliowing asci and spores of the fungus. distinct from that of either of the organisms forming the component parts. This community of existence between two different organisms is called by some mutualism^ or symbiosis. Nitrogen' gatherers. 599. How clovers, peas, and other legumes gather nitrogen.âIt has long been known that clover plants, peas, beans, and many other leguminous plants are often able to thrive in soil where the cereals do but poorly. Soil poor in nitrogenous plant food becomes richer
RF2BE672T–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MJT–. The Bryologist. Mosses; Liverworts; Lichens; Botany; Bryology. Theloschistes parietinus (L.) Norm. (Fig. 3.) Thallus foli- aceous, usually orbicular; the lobes, which are short, thin, rounded, crenate and somewhat rugose, turn upward at their mar- gins, otherwise cling closely to the substratum by means of short rhizoids. The apothecia are smaller than in T. chrysophthal- mus and are sessile; the disk is Fig. 3. Theloschistes parietinus X2. orange, with a thin, wavy mar- gin; they are chiefly toward the centre and are crowded. This is one of the commoner species and resembles Parmelia in hab
RF2BE6796–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDTPKB–. Lichens. Lichens. 92 MORPHOLOGY retain the colour of the cortex and are greyish or whitish-grey, as in Physcia ciliaris or in Physcia hispida (Fig. i lo). They provide a yellow fringe to the apothecia of Physcia chrysophthalma and a green fringe to those of Usnea florida. They are dark-brown or almost black in Parmelia perlata var. ciliata and in P. cetrata, etc. as also in Gyrophora cylindrica. The fronds of Cetraria i^landica and other species of the genus are bordered with short spinulose brown hairs whose main function seems to be the bearing of "pycnidia" though in many cases
RF2BE6704–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDX307–. Lichens. Lichens. Fig. 109. CladoniafurcataSchxzA. Branched podetium with spermogonia at the tips (after Krabbe). Fig. 110. Physcia hispida TncVexm. Ciliate frond, a, spermogonia; b, apothecia. x ca. 5 (after Lindsay). In a very large number of lichens, both crustaceous and foliose, the spermogonia are scattered over the entire thallus (Fig. 110), covering it more or less thickly with minute black dots, as in Parmelia conspersa. In other instances, they are to some extent confined to the peripheral areas as in Parmelia physodes; or they occur on the extreme edge of the thallus as in the crus
RF2BE671D–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MR1–. The Bryologist. Bryology; Bryology -- Periodicals. Fig. 4. P. p/tysodcs.. Parmelia gi.tvacea (L.)Ach. (Fig. 5.) As the specific name indicates this lichen is olive in color. When young it is a light olive, but grows darker as it develops, and is finally an olive brown. The lobes are fiat and rounded, grow- ing much like /'. capera- tci, except that they ad- here closely to the sub- stratum. Often the up- Fig. 5. /'. olivacea. per part of the thallus is covered with isidioid granules. Apothecia are frequent and are dark brown with wrinkled margins. Beneath, the thallus is black with fine fibr
RF2BE67A3–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRHA55P–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. U4 CRYPTOGAMES. loHaceum, coriaceum, c cent ru expan*um, icpius vcnosum. ftccptacula partialia peltata, rccep- taculi coi unis lobis uiarginalibus innaln. dirina, lll. Ucceptaculum commune crustaT margïnata. ii7. Pelligera resupinala. ils. Ilymeniuiii de Parmelia.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Payer, J. -B. (Jean-Baptis
RF2BE672N–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRE3B16–. Practical botany. Botany. m â ''Kl |C no other plants could live. Fic. 191. A hanging lichen {Usnea) which is often called the "bearded moss." Also upon the dead spruce twig which supports this licljen there is another foliose lichen {Parmelia). Upon the Usiica plant there are shown several of the disk-like cups in which ascospores are formed 228. Form, structure, and reproduc- tion. Those lichens which adhere like leaves to the material upon which they grow are called/o/i'ose (Fig. 190); those that form closely adhering, scale-like growths are cnififniu'dvs forms; those that branc
RF2BE679G–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGJGFJ–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. PARMELIA (AMPHIGYMNIA) IN EAST AFRICA 175 from P. cristifera, and should perhaps be compared with P. stuppea (spores 12-17 x 6-9 //m), since the presence or absence of cilia seems to be a variable character in this group. The determination of the East African specimens must be regarded as tentative until fruiting material becomes available. However, on the basis of ecological traits we doubt that the specimens from the coast represent P. stuppea, a largely temperate species. The East African specimens cannot be distinguished f
RF2BE66Y2–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRJC01T–. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi ???????????????. botany. 113. Lecanora muralis 115. Lecanora subimmersa subsp. asiatica. 120, Parmelia dentata 124. Parmelia fertiUs. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. shang hai zi ran bo wu guan bian zhu?????????. shang hai ke xue ji shu chu ban she?????????
RF2BE672M–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MRC–. The Bryologist. Bryology; Bryology -- Periodicals. —6o— Parmelia PHYsoDES (L.) Ach. (Fig. 4.) This beautiful lichen is frequently found on the same dead limb of a white pine with Cetraria laciinosa and C. ciliaris. It is not often found in fruit, but is readily identified by its smooth delicately tinted gray green thallus, the lobes of which are finely cut, the margins slightly curled over showing the white soredia on the under side. Like the Cetrarias it is loosely attached to the substratum. It often grows around the small twigs of the dead limbs of hemlocks, giving them a hoary ap- pearan
RF2BE679A–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRD3T0G–. Elementary botany. Botany. #i^^. r:..c 4x9, Section ol fruit body or apothecium of lichen (parmelia), showing asci and spores of the fungus. distinct from that of either of the organisms forming the component parts. This community of existence between two different organisms is called by some vtutuaiism, or 1 Nitrogen gatherers. 599. How clovers, peas, and other legumes gather nitrogen. It has long been known that clover plants, peas, beans, and many other Leguminous plants arc often able to thrive in soil where the cereals do but poorly. Soil poor in nitrogenous plant food becomes richer in
RF2BE671W–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRG2R5D–. The Canadian field-naturalist. Figure 2. Thallus of Parmelia cumberlandia after transplantation. Material near the margin, shown by the length of arrows, was produced between June 1973 and June 1974.. Figure 3. Surface of the Parmelia cumberlandia thallus showing two young apothecia, one of which has only recently differentiated from the vegetative thallus. Plant material was coated 30 to 40 y.m in thickness with vapors from a block of gold palladium and then examined under a Cambridge Mark Ila Stereoscan scanning electron microscope.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned
RF2BE6714–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGJGB8–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. 88 H. KROG & T. D. V. SWINSCOW The species was recently described from India (Hale, 1977), and it is here reported for the first time from Africa. The Ethiopian specimens cited below were included in P. balensis (=P. subschimperi) by Winnem (1975). The two species have the same chemical properties, but P. subschimperi has a strongly maculate upper cortex and different ecological require- ments. Parmelia indoafra is in East Africa an upland species of fairly dry and well lit sites with local influence of mist. It has mainly
RF2BE6713–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MRR–. The Bryologist. Bryology; Bryology -- Periodicals. Fig. 2. P. tiliacea. Parmelia tiliacea (Hoffm.) Floerk. (Fig. 2.) This pretty lichen grows on rocks, trees, and dead wood; it adheres closely to the substratum. The lobes are narrow and round, quite smooth. Glaucescent in color usually, but sometimes a light gray. Beneath it is black and densely covered with black fibrils. Apothecia are fre- quent, medium in size. The disk is dark brown with a reddish tinge, the margin is crenulate. Parmelia Borkeri Turn. While this is not an uncommon species it is not so generally found as the variety rtaie
RF2BE66YE–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRJ2DEN–. Class-book of botany [microform] : being outlines of the structures, physiology, and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Plants; Plants; Botanique; Botanique; Plantes; Botanique. 551, Frustules of a Diatomaceous Alga (Dlatonia inarinuin) separating from each other.. i,KJL^^ 534 532 Lichens, 530. Ohuloni'i; tlie mimito thallus at the base of the podotia, cnp-like above, bearing scarlet cciiiceptaeies. 531, Tsnea. .'â )3'2, Sticta. 533, Parmelia. 534, Reeeiilaclo, vertical sec- tion. 535, A portion (highly inagnitiud) witii theciu and parapl
RF2BE66YY–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGJGGY–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. PARMEL1A (AMPHIGYMNIA) IN EAST AFRICA 169 Parmelia andina differs from P. hololoba mainly in the absence of cilia. When P. hololoba extends inland and occurs in the same habitats as P. andina, its cilia sometimes become sparse, short, and stunted, so that the two species are almost indistinguishable. Parmelia andina is common and widespread in dry, well lit sites, such as savannas, open hillsides, and artificial habitats. It has been collected between 900 and 2400 m altitude in all four countries of our studies. Outside our ar
RF2BE6724–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRD3T0E–. Elementary botany. Botany. r:..c 4x9, Section ol fruit body or apothecium of lichen (parmelia), showing asci and spores of the fungus. distinct from that of either of the organisms forming the component parts. This community of existence between two different organisms is called by some vtutuaiism, or 1 Nitrogen gatherers. 599. How clovers, peas, and other legumes gather nitrogen. It has long been known that clover plants, peas, beans, and many other Leguminous plants arc often able to thrive in soil where the cereals do but poorly. Soil poor in nitrogenous plant food becomes richer in this
RF2BE6798–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRH2MT5–. The Bryologist. Bryology; Bryology -- Periodicals. —59-. Fig. 2. P. tiliacea. Parmelia tiliacea (Hoffm.) Floerk. (Fig. 2.) This pretty lichen grows on rocks, trees, and dead wood; it adheres closely to the substratum. The lobes are narrow and round, quite smooth. Glaucescent in color usually, but sometimes a light gray. Beneath it is black and densely covered with black fibrils. Apothecia are fre- quent, medium in size. The disk is dark brown with a reddish tinge, the margin is crenulate. Parmelia Borkeri Turn. While this is not an uncommon species it is not so generally found as the variety
RF2BE678K–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRJC02D–. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi ???????????????. botany. 107. Lecanora campestris 108. Lecanora cathayensis 109. Lecanora chlarotera. 111, Lecanora leprosa 119. Parmelia huei. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. shang hai zi ran bo wu guan bian zhu?????????. shang hai ke xue ji shu chu ban she?????????
RF2BE672H–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRJC024–. chang jiang san jiao zhou ji lin jin di qu bao zi zhi wu zhi ???????????????. botany. 111, Lecanora leprosa 119. Parmelia huei. 113. Lecanora muralis 115. Lecanora subimmersa subsp. asiatica. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. shang hai zi ran bo wu guan bian zhu?????????. shang hai ke xue ji shu chu ban she?????????
RF2BE679C–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDD9D1–. Lessons in botany. Botany. 312 ECOLOGY. the lichens lay hold on them and invest them with fantastic figures of varied color. Disintegrating rock, debris of plants and animals, join to form the virgin soil. Certain of the blue- green algse, as well as some of the mosses, are able to gain a foothold on rocks and assist in this process of soil formation.. Fig. 260. Rock lichen (Parmelia contigua). A view of rocks thrown down by the melting and retreating edge of a glacier in Greenland is shown in fig. 261. These rocks at the time the photograph was taken had no plant life on them. At other plac
RF2BE672A–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRHA559–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. ti> Parmelia cilîaris. i , 'j. Dit ina Cei al œ Tribus III. LECIDEM. Receptaculum partiale primilus apertum, demum cephaloïdeum. Receptaculum commune crustaceum plano-expansum saepitts in stipites abiens.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Payer, J. -B. (Jean-Baptiste), 1818-1860; Baillon, H. (Henri), 1827-1895. Paris : F
RF2BE671H–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGKC0Y–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Botany. . Fig. 28 Monodictys anaptychiae (HBG—isotype). A, Conidiogenous cells with attached conidia. B, Conidia. Reproduced from Hawksworth (1975o : 220). Hosts: Most commonly collected from decorticate wood in xeric situations and on which it can thrive. This fungus is often found associated with lichen thalli (e.g. dead Parmelia cf. subaurifera Nyl. in the holotype, Lecanora expallens Ach. in Vize's exsiccatum) but appears to be a pathogen of Lecanora conizaeoides Nyl. ex Cromb.; in the latter species the fungus appears as black flecks over
RF2BE6794–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMREP2JT–. A popular history of British lichens [microform] : comprising an account of their structure, reproduction, uses, distribution, and classification. Lichens; Lichens. PK.f nv, 'ephalodia or Df points on e apotliccia, f foliaceous as abortive 3n, we may of Parmelia xat'dh (var. abortiva of apothecia of " Lichenes ^s Tries; a orily proved ogists. We elonging to und for tlie :lierto little the aid of jnon occur- 0 the same the genera i by some the Fungi;. iMJini.i»»v dijJti-j l£nc«rit BroolcR. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally e
RF2BE6723–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGJGHF–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. PARMELIA (AMPHIGYMNIA) IN EAST AFRICA 167 12-16 x 6-7 jum and filiform conidia 10-12 /zm, which agrees well with the East African material. Parmelia preperforata W. Culb., described from Texas (US—holotype), is chemically concordant with the East African specimens of P. aldabrensis, has a maculate upper cortex, marginal to submarginal apothecia, and similar spores and conidia. It differs in having broadly rounded lobes which are not particularly deeply divided, and an underside which is black in the centre with a wide, pale iv
RF2BE6728–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRHA55D–. Botanique cryptogamique, ou Histoire des familles naturelles des plantes infrieures. ils. Ilymeniuiii de Parmelia.. ti> Parmelia cilîaris. i , 'j. Dit ina Cei al œ Tribus III. LECIDEM. Receptaculum partiale primilus apertum, demum cephaloïdeum. Receptaculum commune crustaceum plano-expansum saepitts in stipites abiens.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Payer, J. -B. (Jean-Baptiste), 1818-1860; Baillon, H
RF2BE679T–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRGKAA1–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. PARMELIA (AMPHIGYMNIA) IN EAST AFRICA 225 distinct species on account of the reaction with C in the medulla. Almeda & Dey (1973) considered that all specimens with either a C+ or a KC+ reaction contained gyrophoric acid, and on this basis they found P. madagascariacea to be conspecific with P. aberrans. They believed that the name madagascariacea antedated aberrans by a year, a misconception which can be traced back to a printing error in Hale (1965). Des Abbayes (1958) in fact made the two combinations on the same page, b
RF2BE66Y6–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRDWA9R–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. LICHENES. 309 Species of Bvernia are sometimes used for furnisliing yellow Speei sehneidera, Theloscldstes, Parmelia From Parmelia pa/rietina fine dyes have UmWlicor cine, dyes. Family 3. ParmelieL (Fig. 203), Physcia, Pyxine. been obtained. Family 3. ITmbilicariei ria. Family 4. Peltigerei. Slicta (Fig. 213), Nephroma, Peltigera, Solorina. Stic- ta pvlmonacea was formerly used in medi- cine, but it bas fallen into disuse, except- ing with quacks. Family 5. Pannariei. Heppia, Pan- naria. Family 6. CoUemei. Ephebe, Licli- ina, Bynalissa, Omphalari
RF2BE671K–Macrophotography. The bark of tree overgrown with moss and lichen.
RMRPXNAP–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. CARPOSPOREJE. 327 dense pulvinate masses (as in Usnea, Ramalina, Euernia, Physcia, Parmelia, Pertusaria, &c). In the heteromerous thallus the soredia appear in the gonidial layer; single gonidia, or sometimes several together becoming woven over by branches of hyphae which cling. FIG. 221.—A—D soredia of Usnea barbata; A a simple soredium, consisting of a gonidium covered with a web of hyphse; B a soredium, in which the gonidium has multiplied by division; C a group of simple soredia, resulting from the penetration of the hyph
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