Red algae Black & White Stock Photos
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![. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. PI. A Hi XXl. K on HOLDFASTS OF UHODOPHYCE/E - 'â¢"â. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Derick, Carrie M. (Carrie Matilda), b. 1862. Montreal : [s. n. ] Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ1JNP/notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-florideae-microform-red-algae-algae-rhodophytes-algues-pi-a-hi-xxl-k-on-holdfasts-of-uhodophycee-quot-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-derick-carrie-m-carrie-matilda-b-1862-montreal-s-n-RJ1JNP.jpg ". Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. PI. A Hi XXl. K on HOLDFASTS OF UHODOPHYCE/E - 'â¢"â. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Derick, Carrie M. (Carrie Matilda), b. 1862. Montreal : [s. n. ] Stock Photo")
RMRJ1JNP–. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. PI. A Hi XXl. K on HOLDFASTS OF UHODOPHYCE/E - 'â¢"â. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Derick, Carrie M. (Carrie Matilda), b. 1862. Montreal : [s. n. ]
RFAR43JN–Yellowstone National Park in winter snow with hoar frost covered dead trees at Midway Geyser Basin
RMPG41DN–. Foundations of botany. Botany; Botany. Fia. 198.—A Lichen (XanthoTi<£i. (Natural size.) Fig. 199.—a Lichen (CTsnea). (Natural size.) called spermatia. Their office in Physcia is obscure, but in a few lichens they are thought to unite with a trichogyne cell, as in the red algae.* Note the minute, powdery masses (soredia) on the surface of the thallus. Macerate if necessary under the cover-glass and examine under a high power. Compare with the structure of the thallus as seen in cross-section. (See next paragraph.) These soredia easily become detached and develop into new plants. Prepare fo
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RMRDWC4T–. The essentials of botany. Botany. RED SEAWEEDS 209 the substance of the plant body. The plants are col- lected, washed and dried and so preserved for human food (blanc mange) and especially as a food for convalescents. The structure of Cal- lymenia is similar to that of Chondrus. 327. Among the very commonly col- lected Red Algae on either coast are speci- mens of Plocamium remarkable for the beauty of its color and the regularity of its branching. Laboratory Studies, (a) It is better for the student to study the living plants of this phylum at the seashore, but the beginner should not fail
RFAR425Y–Yellowstone National Park Bison herd along Madison River digging in winter snow to eat grass with steam mist rising background
RMPG42NH–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 166 ASCOMYCETES. This is supported by Smith's investigations, in which an an- atomical comparison of diseased twigs of peach and almond showed no difference in the pathological effects. Exoascus crataegi Puck, occurs on Crataegus Oxyacantha^ and causes red swellings on the leaves and flowers, accom- panied by hypertrophy of shoots in which the mycelium perennates. Exoascus Tosquinetii (West). The deformation caused
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RF2JH235H–Medusa. Corals. Shells. Mollusks. Isolated black background. Vector illustration of the ocean fauna EPS8
RMRDXXJ5–. Principles of modern biology. Biology. 566 - Heredity and Evolution PLANT KINGDOM DICOTYLEDONEAE MONOCOTYLEDONEAE. PRIMITIVE VASCULAR PLANTS [Eorly Tracheophytes) BROWN ALGAE (Phaeophyto RED ALGAE IRhodophyta FLAME ALGAE (Pyrrophyt GOLDEN BROWN ALG (Chrysophyta EUGIENOPHYTA BLUE GREEN ALGAi (Cyartophyla HIGHER FUNG (Eumycophyta! SLIME MOLDS [MyxOTiycophyt MODERN BACTERIA (SchizomycophyfaJ. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the
RFAR43HK–Yellowstone National Park Bison herd along Madison River digging in winter snow to eat grass with steam mist rising background
RMPG0R7D–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. SYNCHYTRIUM. 109. less swollen neighbouring epidermal cells. The sporangia contain reddish-yellow drops of oil, so that the swellings appear yellow. The organs attacked are much distorted and more or less stunted. The same fungus occurs on other Compositae, and is pro- bably identical with S. san- ffuineum of Schroeter, which produces dark red, crusty swell- ings on Cirsium palustre and Orepis biennis. Along with S.
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RMRDX13C–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. 176 PYRENOMYCETES [CH. All the cells are uninucleate. The female cell is called by Thaxter a carpogonium or carpogonic cell in conformity with the term used for the Red Algae, but it obviously corresponds to the cell in which fertilization is now known to occur in other Ascomycetes and will therefore here be termed the oogonium. In Stigmatomyccs Baeri the trichogyne is simple (fig. 136^, e) but in many other members of the group it undergoes frequent septation and branches freely. The apices of the branches are alone receptive and may str
RMPG4BE8–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 258 ASCOMYCETES. conidia germinate and give off long septate hyphae which, follow- ing the course of the pollen-tube, reach the ovary, and soon iill all four loculi with a white mycelium. The growth of this mycelium proceeds from the central axis towards the walls, and forms a hollow sphere open above and below. The diseased berries cannot be distinguished till ripe; then, whereas the normal are red, the diseased ar
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RMRDXP2H–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. 388 BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT their limit at about 150 feet below low-water mark. Their colour varies Irom pink to purple, or reddish brown. This is due to cLromatophores containing red pigment which masks the chlorophyll. The colouring has its relation to light. The greatest activity of photo-synthesis is in light comple- mentary to the colour of the plant. Ordinary plants make special use of the rays at the red end of the spectrum ; but for Red Algae rays further along the spectrum are effective, and it is the rays towards the blue end of the spectrum w
RMPG42HE–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 190 ASCOMYCETES. fertilise the trichogyne and cause it to develop as an ascogonium. P. ochraceum (Wahlenb.) {P. fulviom D. C.) causes yellowish- red spots on leaves of Prurnis Padios. P. obscurum Juel. produces thickened leaf-spots on Astragalus alpinus and A. oroboides; on the under side these are whitish, on the upper side they show the spermogonia as red points. The damage caused by Polystigma is easily kept in c
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RMRE1PWA–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENTS OF PLANT 281 spore mother cell, but in the Red Algae and Ricciocarpus a con- siderable growth intervenes before the spore mother cells appear and the reduction of the chromosomes takes place. In other words, as we ascend the scale of plant life, the formation of the spore mother cells and the reduction of the chromosomes is pre- ceded by an ever-increasing growth of the gametospore. This postponement in the formation of the spore mother cells, owing to the larger and larger growth of the gametospore, will steadily progress in the followi
RMPG42JH–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. NECTRIA. 185 Nectria. Perithecia yellow or red in colour, and generally produced in close tufts on stromata of the same colour. The asci con- tain eight bicellular spores and few or no paraphyses. Conidia â of various kinds and shapes are also produced. Nectrina cinnabarina Fr.^ (Britain and U.S. America). The -bright-red, button-shaped conidial cushions of this fungus may. Please note that these images are extracte
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![. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. 18991 DEVELOPMENT OF HOLDFASTS OF FL0K/DE.1: 257 Griffithsia in the form and history of the holdfast. Though the spores of Callithamnion Borreri Ai(. deveIo|)ed in the laboratory with difficulty, cultures sufficient to illustrate the order of devel- opment succeeded. After attaching themselves to the slide by an almost imperceptible secretion, the spores elongate and become pointed at both ends. The first division is parallel to the shorter axis {Pl. XXni,fig. 2g), and by subseq Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ22WN/notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-florideae-microform-red-algae-algae-rhodophytes-algues-18991-development-of-holdfasts-of-fl0kde1-257-griffithsia-in-the-form-and-history-of-the-holdfast-though-the-spores-of-callithamnion-borreri-ai-deveioed-in-the-laboratory-with-difficulty-cultures-sufficient-to-illustrate-the-order-of-devel-opment-succeeded-after-attaching-themselves-to-the-slide-by-an-almost-imperceptible-secretion-the-spores-elongate-and-become-pointed-at-both-ends-the-first-division-is-parallel-to-the-shorter-axis-pl-xxnifig-2g-and-by-subseq-RJ22WN.jpg ". Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. 18991 DEVELOPMENT OF HOLDFASTS OF FL0K/DE.1: 257 Griffithsia in the form and history of the holdfast. Though the spores of Callithamnion Borreri Ai(. deveIo|)ed in the laboratory with difficulty, cultures sufficient to illustrate the order of devel- opment succeeded. After attaching themselves to the slide by an almost imperceptible secretion, the spores elongate and become pointed at both ends. The first division is parallel to the shorter axis {Pl. XXni,fig. 2g), and by subseq Stock Photo")
RMRJ22WN–. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. 18991 DEVELOPMENT OF HOLDFASTS OF FL0K/DE.1: 257 Griffithsia in the form and history of the holdfast. Though the spores of Callithamnion Borreri Ai(. deveIo|)ed in the laboratory with difficulty, cultures sufficient to illustrate the order of devel- opment succeeded. After attaching themselves to the slide by an almost imperceptible secretion, the spores elongate and become pointed at both ends. The first division is parallel to the shorter axis {Pl. XXni,fig. 2g), and by subseq
RMPG4B2H–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. CALYPTOSPORA. 371 intercellular spaces become enlarged, and the contents of all cortical cells, except those of the epidermis, takes on a red colour, whereby the young shoots have at first a delicate rose- red colour, though they afterwards turn brown. The lower leaves have a similar red colour, but shrivel and fall off early, while the upper ones develop normally and remain attached.. Fig. 202.—CaXyptospora Goepper
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RMRDWFGH–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 281 spore mother cell, but in the Red Algae and Ricciocarpus a con- siderable growth intervenes before the spore mother cells appear and the reduction of the chromosomes takes place. In other words, as we ascend the scale of plant life, the formation of the spore mother cells and the reduction of the chromosomes is pre- ceded by an ever-increasing growth of the gametospore. This postponement in the formation of the spore mother cells, owing to the larger and larger growth of the gametospore, will steadily progress in the followi
RMPFYKET–. Fresh-water biology. Freshwater biology. 234 FRESH-WATER BIOLOGY 160 (159) Body amoeboid; endoplasm red or brown. Vampyrella Cienkowsky. Representative'species. Vampyrella lateritia Cienkowsky 1865. Body spherical or elongated. Pseudopodia arising from all parts of the body or from one point. The nucleus and contractile vacuole usually con- cealed by the contents of the endoplasm. A gelatinous sheath sornetfmes surrounds the body. Habitat among algae upon which it feeds. Diameter 25 to 80 li. Fig. 353. Vampyrella lateritia. X 250. (After Conn.) 161 (i) Pseudopodia with axial filaments Class
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RMRDXP27–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. CHAPTER XXV. GREEN ALGAE (CHLOROPHYCEAE). The Brown and Red Algae form natural and coherent groups of plants, characterised by their colour, but more particularly by their propa- gative organs. Green Algae are a more heterogeneous assemblage of forms. Some are marine : others live in fresh water. Some are uni- cellular, some colonial (Protococcales, Volvoeales) : others, which are multi- cellular, consist of a simple filament, with various degrees of its branching (Ulothricales) ; or they may form widened flat expansions (Ulvaceae) ; others again are coeno
RMPG42J9–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 186 ASCOMYCETES. The dark-red masses of thick-coated, warty perithecia appear in autumn and winter on the dead branches only; the asci contain eight bicellular hyaline spores which germinate directly to form a mycelium. Infection of a new host-plant is effected by the mycelium, which enters by open wounds into living branches; it is quite unable to penetrate the living bark and is dependent on wounds. The mycelium s
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RMRDH0R8–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. LEAVES 533 In most of the lower plants the chlorophyll-bearing cells make up the body of the plant and are not delimited into special tissues. In the red algae there are elongated cells arranged somewhat as are palisade cells. Most moss and liver- wort leaves consist of a single layer of green cells, but in Sphagnum colorless cells alternate with the green cells (fig. 899); the leaves of Leucobryum are three cells thick, the chlorophyll-bearing cells being centrally placed (fig. 900). In the air chambers of some thalloid liverwor
RMPG4B7M–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. DIATOMS 331 movements, reproduction by longitudinal fission, and such structures as coiitractile vacuoles and red pigment spots suggest a relationship to the animal kingdom. Consequently, they are regarded as a transition group between plants and animals. Diatoms. — These one-celled plants are often classed with the Brown Algae on account of their brown pigment, although they differ from the Brown Algae in a number of ways. The Diatoms are a vast assemblage of plants varying widely in form and occurring in vast numbers in fresh water, salt water, an
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RMRDTN9R–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. 102 PYRENOMYCETES [CH. Leptosphaeria includes some 500 species characterized by the papillate or conical ostiole, usually free from hairs. The majority are saprophytes on plant remains, some are parasites on land plants, and some on the Red Algae. L. Lemaneae occurs on the thalliis of various species oi Lemanea {?ig. 121). The mycelium consists of uninucleate cells and ramifies in the intercellular spaces of the host, sending branched haustoria into the cells. Here and there the hyphae are dilated (fig. 122 a, b), and in these regions sho
RMPG42J4–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 77.—Nectna cin^iabari^ia, with peri- thucia on the dead bark of a still-living stem of Elm. Infection has evidently hegun at the wound of a cut branch near the middle, and extended outwards, (v. Tubeuf phot.) Fig. 78.—Nectria. cinnabaHna. Portion of branch (magnified). Light-coloured cushions of conidiophores with conidia are breaking out towards the upper end, and colonies of hard red perithecia towards the lo
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RMRE39HC–. Introduction to botany. Botany. 232 INTRODUCTIOlSr TO BOTANY portions of this country the farmers collect and carry inland great quantities of brown algae and spread them over the cultivated land as a fertilizer.^. Fig. 181. A red alga (Dasya) 219. The red algae. The red algse grow mostly in deeper water than do the brown algee. They are almost wholly con- fined to salt water. The marine forms of this group present most striking shapes and colors. Tht'y are of different shades of red, A-arying from the most brilliant to those that are dark and somber, while 1 For the reprdductioii of the bro
RMPG42DE–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. POLYPOKUS. 439 Seynes,^ three other kinds of spores are produced in addition to basidiospores. Willow, poplar, oak, sweet chest- nut, alder, ash, hazel, pear, cherry, robinia, larch, silver fir, etc., are common hosts of this parasite. Wood infested by the mycelium darkens in colour, exhibiting a red- rot. Vessels and all clefts or spaces become filled with white felted masses of mycelium. The wood, in course of des
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RMRDYG4B–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 56 MORPHOLOGY Nemalion. — This marine form will serve to illustrate the simpler red algae. It is a branching filament, and probably produces no tetra- spores. Anlheridia. —The antheridia occur in clusters at the ends of short branches (fig. 146), each antheridium being a single cell, which at first contains a single nucleus. This nucleus divides, so that the protoplast of the mature antheridium contains two male nuclei. Physiologically, therefore, the an- theridium contains two sperms, but they are not organ- ized as morpho- logi
RMPG0R77–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 112 PHYCOMYCETES. on stems, flower-stalks, radical and cauline leaves, and floral envelopes. Leucochytrium. (1) Forming simple vesicles: S. punctatum, Schroet. On Gagea joratensis. S. rubrocinctum, Magnus, forms little red eruptions on Saxi- fraga gramdata, the cell-sap of the host-plant becoming red. S. alpinum, Thomas. On Viula lijlora. S. anomalum, Schroet. (U. S. America). On Adoxa Moscha- tellina, less common o
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![. Botany of the living plant. Botany. 404 BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT Many of these grow on decaying humus, and like the Common Mush- room are saprophytes. Others are parasites, hlie the large shelf- fungi [Polyporus], which grow out from the trunks of trees, and are the cause of the perishing of the heart-wood in hollow timber ; or Uke the Honey-Agaric [Arniillaria mellea), which kills forest trees by attacking their soft and nutritious cambium (Fig. 340). But. Fig. 339. Harvevella inirahilis, growing as a colourless parasite on the thallus of Rhodontela, one of the Red Algae. Longitudinal sec Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDXNXR/botany-of-the-living-plant-botany-404-botany-of-the-living-plant-many-of-these-grow-on-decaying-humus-and-like-the-common-mush-room-are-saprophytes-others-are-parasites-hlie-the-large-shelf-fungi-polyporus-which-grow-out-from-the-trunks-of-trees-and-are-the-cause-of-the-perishing-of-the-heart-wood-in-hollow-timber-or-uke-the-honey-agaric-arniillaria-mellea-which-kills-forest-trees-by-attacking-their-soft-and-nutritious-cambium-fig-340-but-fig-339-harvevella-inirahilis-growing-as-a-colourless-parasite-on-the-thallus-of-rhodontela-one-of-the-red-algae-longitudinal-sec-RDXNXR.jpg ". Botany of the living plant. Botany. 404 BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT Many of these grow on decaying humus, and like the Common Mush- room are saprophytes. Others are parasites, hlie the large shelf- fungi [Polyporus], which grow out from the trunks of trees, and are the cause of the perishing of the heart-wood in hollow timber ; or Uke the Honey-Agaric [Arniillaria mellea), which kills forest trees by attacking their soft and nutritious cambium (Fig. 340). But. Fig. 339. Harvevella inirahilis, growing as a colourless parasite on the thallus of Rhodontela, one of the Red Algae. Longitudinal sec Stock Photo")
RMRDXNXR–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. 404 BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT Many of these grow on decaying humus, and like the Common Mush- room are saprophytes. Others are parasites, hlie the large shelf- fungi [Polyporus], which grow out from the trunks of trees, and are the cause of the perishing of the heart-wood in hollow timber ; or Uke the Honey-Agaric [Arniillaria mellea), which kills forest trees by attacking their soft and nutritious cambium (Fig. 340). But. Fig. 339. Harvevella inirahilis, growing as a colourless parasite on the thallus of Rhodontela, one of the Red Algae. Longitudinal sec
RMPFYKNX–. Fresh-water biology. Freshwater biology. THE FRESH-WATER ALGAE 177 Plant an unbran 8 (i) Plant an unbranched filament of one or more rows or cells. Bangia Lyngbye. Structure simple, hair-like; color of different shades of red; attached at one end. Found usually in rapidly-flowing water on wood and stones. FlO. 253. Bangia atro-purpurea Agardh. X 225. (After Kiitzing.) IMPORTANT REFERENCES ON NORTH AMERICAN FRESH- WATER ALGAE Collins, F. S. 1909. The Green Algae of North America. Tufts College Stud., Vol. II, No. 3. 1912. Supplement. Tufts College Stud., Vol. Ill, No. 2. Conn, H. W. and Webst
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RMRDYRTM–. Principles of modern biology. Biology. 600 - Heredity and Evolution. tion at a very early time, as is indicated in Figure 29-11. The Rhodophytes (Red Algae). The red algae, of which there are some 2500 species, tend to resemble the brown algae. They are mainly marine and they display a variety of branching forms (Fig. 31-6). However, the rhodophytes generally live in deeper, smoother waters, so that the form, typically, is more delicate and lacy, and their struc- ture is not so tough and leathery. The red pigment (phycoerythrin) of the rhodophytes Fig. 31-5. Some brown algae (Phae- ophyta).
RMPG4B4E–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 358 UKEDINEAE. some confusion between plants infested with this Puccinia and those with species of Aecidium. The changes induced on anemone by either Aecidium leucospermum D.C. or Aec. puTictatum Pers. are quite distinct (Fig. 190).. Fig. 191.—Puceinia ribis on Red Currant {Ribes rubrum). Teleutospore-patches on leaves and fruit, (v. Tubeuf phot.) P. singularis Magu. On Anemone ranunculoides in Austria and south-eas
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RMRDWDB4–. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 326 THALLOPHYTES much desired by some people. The form called Irish Moss, shown in Figure 281, is collected in large quantities and employed in the manufacture of jelly, which is used directly as food and as the basis for the preparation of other foods. Agar-agar, which is used as a medium in which Bacteria and Fungi are grown, is a gelatinous product obtained from Red Algae. Nemalion. — This plant is one of the simpler forms of Red Algae. The plant body is a rather soft, cord-like, branching. Please note that these images are extracted from sc
RMPG4ATH–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 402 UREDINEAE. G. Ellisii Berk. On Chamaecyparis thyoides. The aecidial stage on Pyrus Mains and P. arhutifolia. On red cedar {Junipencs virginiana): G. macropus Lk. The aecidia and pycnidia occur on Pyrus Malus, P. coronaria, P. arhutifolia, Cratct^us tomentosa, C. Bouglasii, and Amelanchier canadensis; they are known as. Pig. 237.—Spores of Gym. hiseptaium. (After Woenile.) Fig. 23S.—Spores of Gym. Elliiii. (After
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RMRDXXJ2–. Principles of modern biology. Biology. PRIMITIVE VASCULAR PLANTS [Eorly Tracheophytes) BROWN ALGAE (Phaeophyto RED ALGAE IRhodophyta FLAME ALGAE (Pyrrophyt GOLDEN BROWN ALG (Chrysophyta EUGIENOPHYTA BLUE GREEN ALGAi (Cyartophyla HIGHER FUNG (Eumycophyta! SLIME MOLDS [MyxOTiycophyt MODERN BACTERIA (SchizomycophyfaJ. ANIMAL KINGDOM MARSUPIALS ^CENTAL ^ MODERN REPTILES DINOSAURS y Zjt MONC MONOTREMES EARLY MAMMALS MODERN AMPHIBIA EARLY AMPHIBIA MODERN BONY FISH ARTHROPODS PERIPATUS ANNELIDS NEMERTINES FLATWORMS [Platyhelminlhes} CTENOPHORES COELENTERATES. Please note that these images are extra
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RMRDXTM5–. Plant physiology. Plant physiology. Karotin Fig. 10.—Absorption spectra of carotin and lycopin. (After Escher.) The Fraunliofer lines^re indicated by the letters above and the wave-lengths (in 10 /ifi) are shown below; the thickness of layer employed is given (in mm.) at the left. Lycopin^ is closely related to carotin and has the same percentage formula (C40H66); it is found in the fruit of the tomato {Solanum lycopersicum). Three dark bands occur in the right half of its absorption spectrum (Fig. 10). Red algae contain phycoerythrin, a protein-like substance, which is readily soluble in wa
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RMRDAAR3–. A text-book of botany for secondary schools. Botany. ALG.E 12: violet, dark purple, and reddish-brown, often beautifully tinted. In general, the bodies are much more graceful and delicate than those of the brown Akse. There is the. Fig. 117.—One of the red Algae. greatest variety of forms, branching filaments, ribbons, and filmy plates prevailing; and often profuse branching occurs, the plants resembling mosses of delicate texture (Figs. 116 and 117). One remarkable group, chiefly displayed on tropical and surf-beaten coasts, contains such a deposit of lime in the cell-walls that the forms r
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RMRDCYC5–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. ASPERGILLUS 375 higher Red Algae, such as Polysiphonia, for as the ascogenous hyphae develop from the ascogonium, sterile hyphae, growing up from below the ascogonium, form a compact hard wall which makes a case for the asci and ascospores, just as the filaments growing up from below the carpogonium produce a case for the carpospores in Poly- siphonia. The Blue and Green Molds (Plectascales). — S u p e r fi- cially these Molds resemble the true Molds discussed under the Mucorales, but their spore masses are gen- erall)' green or blue, while those of
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RMRE2N84–. Elementary botany. Botany. ALGA'S CONTINUED: CLASSIFICATION. t75 manea, etc., but fuses directly, or by a short cell or long filament with one or more auxiliar}- cells before the sporocarp is finally formed. Examples are Rhabdonia, Polysiphonia, Callithamnion, Dudresnaya, etc. (fig. 189). The auxiliary cell then develops the sporo- carp. See fig. I So for conju- gation of a filament from the fertilized procarp mth an aux- iliary cell. 380. Uees of the red algae.— Many species produce a great amount of gelatinous sub- stance in their tissues, and several of these are used for food, for the ma
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RMRDWD2D–. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. ASPERGILLUS 375 higher Red Algae, such as Polysiphbnia, for as the ascogenous hyphae develop from the ascogonium, sterile hyphae, growing up from below the ascogonium, form a compact hard wall which makes a case for the asci and ascospores, just as the filaments growing up from below the carpogonium produce a case for the carpospores in Poly- siphonia. The Blue and Green Molds (Plectascales). — S u p e r fi- ciaUy these Molds resemble the true Molds discussed under the Mucorales, but their spore masses are gen- erally green or blue, while those
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![. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. "â â¢i^eMnpM. NOTES ON T-HE DEVELOI'MENT OF THE HOLDFASTS OF CERTAIN FLORIDE/E. C A K K I K M. 1) K K I J>'. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Derick, Carrie M. (Carrie Matilda), b. 1862. Montreal : [s. n. ] Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ22X0/notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-florideae-microform-red-algae-algae-rhodophytes-algues-quot-iemnpm-notes-on-t-he-develoiment-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-floridee-c-a-k-k-i-k-m-1-k-k-i-jgt-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-derick-carrie-m-carrie-matilda-b-1862-montreal-s-n-RJ22X0.jpg ". Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. "â â¢i^eMnpM. NOTES ON T-HE DEVELOI'MENT OF THE HOLDFASTS OF CERTAIN FLORIDE/E. C A K K I K M. 1) K K I J>'. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Derick, Carrie M. (Carrie Matilda), b. 1862. Montreal : [s. n. ] Stock Photo")
RMRJ22X0–. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. "â â¢i^eMnpM. NOTES ON T-HE DEVELOI'MENT OF THE HOLDFASTS OF CERTAIN FLORIDE/E. C A K K I K M. 1) K K I J>'. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Derick, Carrie M. (Carrie Matilda), b. 1862. Montreal : [s. n. ]
RMRDAAPX–. A text-book of botany for secondary schools. Botany. 126 A TEXT-BOOK OP BOTANY stricted to any special depth, they are characteristic of the deeper waters in which Algse grow. The red Algse are very httle used by man, probably the most conspicuous article of commerce obtained from them being Irish moss, used in jelly-like preparations, which is the dried bodies of certain forms abundant in the North Sea. 75. Reproduction.—The reproduction of the red Algae is very peculiar, being entirely unlike that of the other Alga;. No swimming spores are produced, but sporan- gia occur that produce and d
RMRDD810–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. RED ALGAE (RHODOPHYCEAE) 325 Algae, the plant body is commonly differentiated into parts similar in form, although not in structure, to the roots, stems, and leaves of the higher plants. The cells are commonly ar- ranged in such definite lines that the plant body has the appear- ance of a bundle of closely joined simple filaments. The evident protoplasmic connections between cells and the gelatinization of cell walls are other notable features.. Fig. 281.—Irish Moss, CAoredr-ws crispus, much used for food. Natural size. The life history of some of t
RMRDYFYT–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. Figs. 185, 186.- matia that fuse with the trichogyne (fig. 185). Perithecia are formed, and the asci bud out from the auxiliary cells (fig. 186), the whole process suggesting the formation of cystocarps among the red algae. # Lichens General character. â With a single ex- ception (p. 91), lichens are Ascomycetes parasitic upon certain algae, the relation between the two organisms being so intimate as to result in a structure resembling a single organism. The dual nature of lichens was announced by Schwendener in 1868, but it was
![. Botany of the living plant. Botany. I'"ic. 327. Ncmahini nni!!i/ii/iim. i, Branch bearing antheridia (o the left and a carpn^oiiiuni to the right, witli speniiatia, some of which adhere to the trichogyne. j-5 are sttccessive stages of development of the very simple frnit. {."^fter Kny.) In form the Red Algae are various, but never large. They include plants which in form and colour are among the inost beautiful, and therefore arc prized by collectors. They may consist merely of branched septate filaments : or fronds, variously thickened and flattened, may be formed by niatting and Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDXP2C/botany-of-the-living-plant-botany-iquotic-327-ncmahini-nni!!iiiiim-i-branch-bearing-antheridia-o-the-left-and-a-carpnoiiiuni-to-the-right-witli-speniiatia-some-of-which-adhere-to-the-trichogyne-j-5-are-sttccessive-stages-of-development-of-the-very-simple-frnit-quotfter-kny-in-form-the-red-algae-are-various-but-never-large-they-include-plants-which-in-form-and-colour-are-among-the-inost-beautiful-and-therefore-arc-prized-by-collectors-they-may-consist-merely-of-branched-septate-filaments-or-fronds-variously-thickened-and-flattened-may-be-formed-by-niatting-and-RDXP2C.jpg ". Botany of the living plant. Botany. I'"ic. 327. Ncmahini nni!!i/ii/iim. i, Branch bearing antheridia (o the left and a carpn^oiiiuni to the right, witli speniiatia, some of which adhere to the trichogyne. j-5 are sttccessive stages of development of the very simple frnit. {."^fter Kny.) In form the Red Algae are various, but never large. They include plants which in form and colour are among the inost beautiful, and therefore arc prized by collectors. They may consist merely of branched septate filaments : or fronds, variously thickened and flattened, may be formed by niatting and Stock Photo")
RMRDXP2C–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. I'"ic. 327. Ncmahini nni!!i/ii/iim. i, Branch bearing antheridia (o the left and a carpn^oiiiuni to the right, witli speniiatia, some of which adhere to the trichogyne. j-5 are sttccessive stages of development of the very simple frnit. {."^fter Kny.) In form the Red Algae are various, but never large. They include plants which in form and colour are among the inost beautiful, and therefore arc prized by collectors. They may consist merely of branched septate filaments : or fronds, variously thickened and flattened, may be formed by niatting and
RMRDD80T–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 326 THALLOPHYTES much desired by some people. The form called Irish Moss, shown in Figure 281, is collected in large quantities and employed in the manufacture of jelly, which is used directly as food and as the basis for the preparation of other foods. Agar-agar, which is used as a medium in which Bacteria and Fungi are grown, is a gelatinous product obtained from Red Algae. Nemalion. — This plant is one of the simpler forms of Red Algae. The plant body is a rather soft, cord-like, branching. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned
![. Practical botany. Botany. 212 PRACTICAL BOTAKY 195. Uses of red algae. Several genera of the red algse are used as food. They may be dried and thus kept for long periods. The gelatinous mate- rial that is secured from them forms a dehcacy much de- sired by some people. In the North Sea and elsewhere in the Atlantic Ocean occurs a red alga known as "Irish moss," which is collected in large quantities and employed in the preparation of jelly, to be used both directly as food and as the basis for the prep- aration of other foods. One of these gelatinous products of red algse is agar-a Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RE3B5P/practical-botany-botany-212-practical-botaky-195-uses-of-red-algae-several-genera-of-the-red-algse-are-used-as-food-they-may-be-dried-and-thus-kept-for-long-periods-the-gelatinous-mate-rial-that-is-secured-from-them-forms-a-dehcacy-much-de-sired-by-some-people-in-the-north-sea-and-elsewhere-in-the-atlantic-ocean-occurs-a-red-alga-known-as-quotirish-mossquot-which-is-collected-in-large-quantities-and-employed-in-the-preparation-of-jelly-to-be-used-both-directly-as-food-and-as-the-basis-for-the-prep-aration-of-other-foods-one-of-these-gelatinous-products-of-red-algse-is-agar-a-RE3B5P.jpg ". Practical botany. Botany. 212 PRACTICAL BOTAKY 195. Uses of red algae. Several genera of the red algse are used as food. They may be dried and thus kept for long periods. The gelatinous mate- rial that is secured from them forms a dehcacy much de- sired by some people. In the North Sea and elsewhere in the Atlantic Ocean occurs a red alga known as "Irish moss," which is collected in large quantities and employed in the preparation of jelly, to be used both directly as food and as the basis for the prep- aration of other foods. One of these gelatinous products of red algse is agar-a Stock Photo")
RMRE3B5P–. Practical botany. Botany. 212 PRACTICAL BOTAKY 195. Uses of red algae. Several genera of the red algse are used as food. They may be dried and thus kept for long periods. The gelatinous mate- rial that is secured from them forms a dehcacy much de- sired by some people. In the North Sea and elsewhere in the Atlantic Ocean occurs a red alga known as "Irish moss," which is collected in large quantities and employed in the preparation of jelly, to be used both directly as food and as the basis for the prep- aration of other foods. One of these gelatinous products of red algse is agar-a
RMRE2N87–. Elementary botany. Botany. FiK. 187. Rhabdi)nia, branched prirti')!! (if friind shuw- ing cystocarps. Fig. iSS. Pectiun oi cy3ti)carp ot rliabilonia, showing spores. pcripherv of a sterile tissue witliia the cavitv. (See figs. iSy, i88.) Goni- dia in the form of tetraspores are also developed in Rhabdonia. 379. Fertilization of the higher red algae,—The pmcess of fertilization in most of the red alg;e is very complicated, chiellv becausi.' the fertilizrd egg ceil (pTocarp) dues nut devulop the spores directly, as in Xemalion, Le-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page
![. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. McGILL UNIVERSITY PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF Botany. No. 8—Notes on the Development of the Holdfasts OF Certain Floride^e. I ft! 1 I 'I lb: I h BY CARRIE M. DERICK, M.A. With Thseb Platks. [Reprinted from the Dotanical Gazette, Vol. xxviii, October, 1899, PP- '47*'^4-] Montreal, 1900.. 'i. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfect Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ1JP6/notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-florideae-microform-red-algae-algae-rhodophytes-algues-mcgill-university-papers-from-the-department-of-botany-no-8notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-floridee-i-ft!-1-i-i-lb-i-h-by-carrie-m-derick-ma-with-thseb-platks-reprinted-from-the-dotanical-gazette-vol-xxviii-october-1899-pp-474-montreal-1900-i-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfect-RJ1JP6.jpg ". Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. McGILL UNIVERSITY PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF Botany. No. 8—Notes on the Development of the Holdfasts OF Certain Floride^e. I ft! 1 I 'I lb: I h BY CARRIE M. DERICK, M.A. With Thseb Platks. [Reprinted from the Dotanical Gazette, Vol. xxviii, October, 1899, PP- '47*'^4-] Montreal, 1900.. 'i. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfect Stock Photo")
RMRJ1JP6–. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. McGILL UNIVERSITY PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF Botany. No. 8—Notes on the Development of the Holdfasts OF Certain Floride^e. I ft! 1 I 'I lb: I h BY CARRIE M. DERICK, M.A. With Thseb Platks. [Reprinted from the Dotanical Gazette, Vol. xxviii, October, 1899, PP- '47*'^4-] Montreal, 1900.. 'i. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfect
![. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. McGILL UNIVERSITY PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF Botany. No. 8—Notes on the Development of the Holdfasts OF Certain Floride^e. I ft! 1 I 'I lb: I h BY CARRIE M. DERICK, M.A. With Thseb Platks. [Reprinted from the Dotanical Gazette, Vol. xxviii, October, 1899, PP- '47*'^4-] Montreal, 1900.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly r Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ1JP9/notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-florideae-microform-red-algae-algae-rhodophytes-algues-mcgill-university-papers-from-the-department-of-botany-no-8notes-on-the-development-of-the-holdfasts-of-certain-floridee-i-ft!-1-i-i-lb-i-h-by-carrie-m-derick-ma-with-thseb-platks-reprinted-from-the-dotanical-gazette-vol-xxviii-october-1899-pp-474-montreal-1900-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-r-RJ1JP9.jpg ". Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. McGILL UNIVERSITY PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF Botany. No. 8—Notes on the Development of the Holdfasts OF Certain Floride^e. I ft! 1 I 'I lb: I h BY CARRIE M. DERICK, M.A. With Thseb Platks. [Reprinted from the Dotanical Gazette, Vol. xxviii, October, 1899, PP- '47*'^4-] Montreal, 1900.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly r Stock Photo")
RMRJ1JP9–. Notes on the development of the holdfasts of certain Florideae [microform]. Red algae; Algae; Rhodophytes; Algues. McGILL UNIVERSITY PAPERS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF Botany. No. 8—Notes on the Development of the Holdfasts OF Certain Floride^e. I ft! 1 I 'I lb: I h BY CARRIE M. DERICK, M.A. With Thseb Platks. [Reprinted from the Dotanical Gazette, Vol. xxviii, October, 1899, PP- '47*'^4-] Montreal, 1900.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly r
RMRDYFYY–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 78 MORPHOLOGY. Figs. 185, 186.- matia that fuse with the trichogyne (fig. 185). Perithecia are formed, and the asci bud out from the auxiliary cells (fig. 186), the whole process suggesting the formation of cystocarps among the red algae. # Lichens General character. â With a single ex- ception (p. 91), lichens are Ascomycetes parasitic upon certain algae, the relation between the two organisms being so intimate as to result in a structure resembling a single organism. The dual nature of lichens was announced by Schwendener in 18
RMRDH9ND–. Foundations of botany. Botany; Botany. Fia. 198.—A Lichen (XanthoTi<£i. (Natural size.) Fig. 199.—a Lichen (CTsnea). (Natural size.) called spermatia. Their office in Physcia is obscure, but in a few lichens they are thought to unite with a trichogyne cell, as in the red algae.* Note the minute, powdery masses (soredia) on the surface of the thallus. Macerate if necessary under the cover-glass and examine under a high power. Compare with the structure of the thallus as seen in cross-section. (See next paragraph.) These soredia easily become detached and develop into new plants. Prepare fo
RMRE3B5Y–. Practical botany. Botany. THE GKEEN ALGvE (CPILOROPHYCE^) 211 more delicate than the brown forms.^ There are often many branches, the smallest ones becoming quite thread-like, so that the entire plant looks to the beginning student like a sparsely branched stem Avith many finely divided leaves. In their asexual reproduction the red algse may form spores in groups of four (Fig. 175).. Fig. 174. A red alga (Dasya) 1 The best way for the teacher to give a general notion of brown and red algae is to secure card mounts or bottled material for class demonstrations of a few of the leading types in
RMRDYRTE–. Principles of modern biology. Biology. The Plant Kingdom - 601. Fig. 31-6. Two of the red algae (Rhodophyta). Many red algae live in deep quiet waters. These have a deli- cate form, such as is displayed by Dasa plumosa (left). However, some, such as Rhodomenia palmata (right), live in the more agitated tidal zone and these are apt to show a sturdier form. (Courtesy of the American Mu- seum of Natural History, New York.) adding another layer of stony material, may gradually build up and extend a reef enor- mously. Moreover, the algae provide an effec- tive hiding place for coral animals (p. 6
RMRE0PAM–. Elementary botany. Botany. ii6 MORPHOLOG Y. 270. The red algae (Ehodophyceae).—The larger number of the so-called red alga; occur in salt water, though a few genera occur in fresh water.. Fig. 119, Portion of plant of fucus sliowing conceptacles in enlarged ends ; and below the vesicles (Fucus vescicu- losus). Fig. 120. Section of conceptacle of fucus, showing oogonia, and tufts of antheridia. (Lemanea grows only in winter in turbulent water of quite large streams. Batrachospermum grows in rather slow-running water of smaller streams. Both of these inhabit fresh water.) The plants of the gro
RMRDWGCE–. Elementary botany. Botany. n6 MORPHOLOG Y. 270. The red algae (Rhodophyceae).—The larger number of the so-called red algae occur in salt water, though a few genera occur in fresh water.. Fig. 119. Portion of plant of fucus showing conceptacles in enlarged ends ; and below the vesicles (Fucus vescicu- losus). Fig. 120. Section of conceptacle of fucus, showing oogonia, and tufts of antheridia. (Lemanea grows only in winter in turbulent water of quite large streams. Batrachospermum grows in rather slow-running water of smaller streams. Both of these inhabit fresh water.) The plants of the group
![. Principles of modern biology. Biology. TASTE BUD Fig. 23-3. A taste bud from the tongue. Receptors of Light, Especially the Eye. Light-receptive cells always contain one or more photosensitive substances, which un- dergo chemical reaction when energized by the absorption of the proper kind of light; and most photochemical substances are highly selective as to the wavelength of the light absorbed. The simplest photoreceptors are the red- pigmented "eyespots" of many flagellates and unicellular algae (p. 167). Eyespots are sensi- tive to changes in the quality, intensity, and directi Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDYT7M/principles-of-modern-biology-biology-taste-bud-fig-23-3-a-taste-bud-from-the-tongue-receptors-of-light-especially-the-eye-light-receptive-cells-always-contain-one-or-more-photosensitive-substances-which-un-dergo-chemical-reaction-when-energized-by-the-absorption-of-the-proper-kind-of-light-and-most-photochemical-substances-are-highly-selective-as-to-the-wavelength-of-the-light-absorbed-the-simplest-photoreceptors-are-the-red-pigmented-quoteyespotsquot-of-many-flagellates-and-unicellular-algae-p-167-eyespots-are-sensi-tive-to-changes-in-the-quality-intensity-and-directi-RDYT7M.jpg ". Principles of modern biology. Biology. TASTE BUD Fig. 23-3. A taste bud from the tongue. Receptors of Light, Especially the Eye. Light-receptive cells always contain one or more photosensitive substances, which un- dergo chemical reaction when energized by the absorption of the proper kind of light; and most photochemical substances are highly selective as to the wavelength of the light absorbed. The simplest photoreceptors are the red- pigmented "eyespots" of many flagellates and unicellular algae (p. 167). Eyespots are sensi- tive to changes in the quality, intensity, and directi Stock Photo")
RMRDYT7M–. Principles of modern biology. Biology. TASTE BUD Fig. 23-3. A taste bud from the tongue. Receptors of Light, Especially the Eye. Light-receptive cells always contain one or more photosensitive substances, which un- dergo chemical reaction when energized by the absorption of the proper kind of light; and most photochemical substances are highly selective as to the wavelength of the light absorbed. The simplest photoreceptors are the red- pigmented "eyespots" of many flagellates and unicellular algae (p. 167). Eyespots are sensi- tive to changes in the quality, intensity, and directi
RMRDWGBR–. Elementary botany. Botany. n8 MORPHOLOG Y.. Fig. 126. Fig. 127. Gracillaria, portion of frond, Gracillaria, section of cystocarp showing position of cysto- showing spores, carps. 273. The principal groups of the algse are the following: ChlorophycecB. Green algae. ' Protococcoideas (the protococcus (Pleurococ- cus vulgaris); the red-snow plant (Sphaerella nivalis), etc. Conjugatese (spirogyra, zygnema, mougeotia, desmids, etc.). Siphoneae (vaucheria). Confervoideas (oedogonium, chaetophora, cole- ochaete). Cyanophycece (nostoc, oscillatoria, etc.). The blue-green algee. Phceophyceoa (fucus,
RMRDTPT3–. Lichens. Lichens. LICHEN ALGAE 59 Earn. Trentepohliaceae. Filamentous and branched, the filaments short and creeping or long and forming tufts and felts or cushions; colour, brownish-yellow or reddish-orange. Trentepohlia Born. Branching alternate; cells filled with red or orange oil; no pyrenoids (Fig. 29). A large number of lichens are associated with this genus : Pyrenulaceae, Arthoniaceae, Graphidaceae, Roccellaceae, Thelotremaceae, Gyalectaceae and Coenogoniaceae, etc., in whole or in part. Two species have been determined, T. umbrina Born., the gonidium of the Graphidaceae, and T. aure
RMRDKH54–. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. STRUCTURE OF HALICHONDRIA 169 The colour of the species is as inconstant as its form, ranging from green to light brown and orange. MacMunn concludes from spectroscopic work that H. panicea contains at lease three pigments, a chlorophyll, a lipochrome, and a histohaematin.^ Lipochromes vary from red to yellow, chlorophyll is always associated with one or more of them. Histohaematin is a respiratory pigment. Proof has not yet been adduced that the chlorophyll is proper to the sponge and is not contained in symbiotic algae. In spite of all this inconstan
RMRDC2B6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 166 ASCOMYCETES. This is supported by Smith's investigations, in which an an- atomical comparison of diseased twigs of peach and almond showed no difference in the pathological effects. Exoascus crataegi Puck, occurs on Crataegus Oxyacantha^ and causes red swellings on the leaves and flowers, accom- panied by hypertrophy of shoots in which the mycelium perennates. Exoascus Tosquinetii (West). The deformation caused
RMRE2NA1–. Elementary botany. Botany. Class Schizophyceae ( = Cyanophyc:e<-E). 351. The Blue Ureen Algae, rir Cyanophyceae form slimy looking thin mats on damp wood or the ground, or floating mats or scum on the water. The color is usually bluish green, but in some species it is purple, red or brown. All have chlorophyll, but it is not in distinct chloroplasts and is more or less completely guised by the presence of other piigments. Two orders and eight families are recognized. The following include some of our common forms: 352. ORDER COCCOGONALES (COCCOGONEa;).—Single-celled plants, occurring sing
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