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RF2M4DKDD–3D image of Malachite green skeletal formula - molecular chemical structure of dyestuff isolated on white background
RMW22Y26–Archive image from page 116 of The cytoplasm of the plant. The cytoplasm of the plant cell cytoplasmofplant00guil Year: 1941 Chapter X — 101 — Duality of the Ghondriome cells which we have studied and the chondriosomes of Saprolegnia show exactly the same refractivity. Slightly superior to that of cytoplasm, this refractivity, although very slight, still permits the chondriosomes to be adequately seen. Under the ultramicroscope the two categories of elements of epidermal cells and the chondrio- somes of Saprolegnia are distinguishable only under very favorable conditions. When visible, they
RM2AJDDTN–Elementary botany . Fig. 199.Fertilization in saprolegnia, tube of antheridium carrying in the nucleus of the sperm cellto the egg. In the right-hand figure a smaller sperm nucleus is about to fuse with thenucleus of the egg. (After Humphrey and Trow.).
RMPFK7MA–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter X — 101 — Duality of the Ghondriome cells which we have studied and the chondriosomes of Saprolegnia show exactly the same refractivity. Slightly superior to that of cytoplasm, this refractivity, although very slight, still permits the chondriosomes to be adequately seen. Under the ultramicroscope the two categories of elements of epidermal cells and the chondrio- somes of Saprolegnia are distinguishable only under very favorable conditions. When visible, they always have the same appearance and are seen only becau
RMMA73BY–. Elementary botany . Fig. 135- Branch of saprolegnia showing oogonia with oospores, eggs matured parthenogenetically. the end, and the zoogonidia swirl out and swim around for a short time, when they come to rest. With a good magnifying
RMW241CT–Archive image from page 195 of The cytoplasm of the plant. The cytoplasm of the plant cell cytoplasmofplant00guil Year: 1941 Guilllermond - Atkinson 180 Cytoplasm off and forms the small vacuole of the daughter cell. Dangeard has sought more recently to demonstrate, but this time with vital dyes, that the vacuoles of algal zoospores are always transmitted by means of the filament put out at germination. In Saprolegnia, growing on media to which neutral red has been added and observed in van Tieghem and Le Monnier cells, we have shown, however, that the vacuoles which in the zoospores appear
RM2AJDE09–Elementary botany . Fig. 199.Fertilization in saprolegnia, tube of antheridium carrying in the nucleus of the sperm cellto the egg. In the right-hand figure a smaller sperm nucleus is about to fuse with thenucleus of the egg. (After Humphrey and Trow.)
RMPG4B3W–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. POTATO BLIGHT (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS) 357 scattered about like spores. When the conidia germinate, instead of producing hyphae they produce zoospores, which, after swimming about for a few minutes, lose their cilia and begin to produce new hyphae. If favorably located, the new hyphae find entrance to a leaf through its stomata and start the disease anew. The oogonia and antheridia resemble those of Saprolegnia, but are produced on short hyphae within the tissues of the host. The oospore has a heavy wall and is not liberated until the tissues of the
RMMA73DG–. Elementary botany . Fig. 136. Fertilization in saprolegnia, tube of antheridium carrying m the nucleus of the sperm cell to the egg. In the right-hand figure a smaller sperm nucleus is about to fuse with the nucleus of the egg. (After Humphrey and Trow.)
RMW23BBF–Archive image from page 150 of The cytoplasm of the plant. The cytoplasm of the plant cell cytoplasmofplant00guil Year: 1941 Chapter XIII — 135 — Vital Staining This reduction is observed between slide and cover glass and in tissue incapable of development. It is probable that under nor- mal conditions, i.e., in culture or in an organ capable of growth, the rose derivative, once formed, accumulates in the vacuoles be- fore the growth of the tissue. It has been seen that in Saprolegnia similar phenomena take place. In many fungi, however, especially in the yeasts, Janus green may be taken up
RM2AJDE47–Elementary botany . Fig. 197-Downy mildew of grape (Plasmopora viti-cola), showing tuft of gonidiophores bearinggonidia, also intercellular mycelium. (AfterMillardet.) Fig. 198.Phytophthora infestans showing pe-culiar branches ; gonidia below. power the two cilia on the end may be seen, or we may make FUNGI: SAPROLEGNIA. IS3.
RMPFH883–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter XVII — 195 Golgi Apparatus As a result of these investigations, we extended our research to cover a large number of plants, belonging to the most varied groups, which confirmed and completed our earlier findings. The study of the vacuolar system, notably in the seedling of the pea, gave us particularly suggestive results. In the meristem cells of the root (Fig. 130), there is obtained by silver methods an entirely characteristic reticulate apparatus and it is observed that during. Fig. 132. — Saprolegnia. Vacuolar
RMMA73F7–. Elementary botany . Fig. 134- Sporangia of saprolegnia, one showing the escape of the nidia. zoogo- show that the protoplasm is divided up into a great number of small areas, as shown in fig. 134. With the low power we should watch some of the older ap- pearing ones, and if after a few minutes they do not open, other preparations should be made. 282. Zoogonidia of saprolegnia.—The sporangium opens at
RMW22WG2–Archive image from page 112 of The cytoplasm of the plant. The cytoplasm of the plant cell cytoplasmofplant00guil Year: 1941 /Cv,/ 'V Fig. 64 (left). — Chondriome in (1-4) diflferentiated colorless root par- enchyma of Athyrium Filix-femina and in (5, 6) frog's liver. Regaud's method. (After Mangenot and Emberger). Fig. 65 (right). — Detail of chondriome in (A) Saprolegnia and in (B) epidermis of tulip perianth. X 3000. Regaud's method. These two categories have the same shape in the phanerogams and it is almost always impossible to tell them apart in the meri- stems and usually, also, even
RM2AFYEEN–. The cell; outlines of general anatomy and physiology. dially diver-gent branches. Under these circumstances the nucleus, as long asthe formative processes continue, is situated in the middle of theradiation, but after growth is finished it returns to its formerposition near to the base. Confirmatory evidence of this participation of the nucleus in theformative processes is furnished us by the examination of Fungi and Alg-a?. In the multi-nucleatedhyphae of Saprolegnia lateralbranches develop ; these are alwaysfound immediately over a nucleus,which is situated close to the cell-wall. In Vauch
RMPFH89C–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Guilllermond - Atkinson 180 Cytoplasm off and forms the small vacuole of the daughter cell. Dangeard has sought more recently to demonstrate, but this time with vital dyes, that the vacuoles of algal zoospores are always transmitted by means of the filament put out at germination. In Saprolegnia, growing on media to which neutral red has been added and observed in van Tieghem and Le Monnier cells, we have shown, however, that the vacuoles which in the zoospores appear as small granules, fuse at the moment of germination to
RMMA73CA–. Elementary botany . Fig. 133- A mucor (Rhizopns nigricans); at left nearly mature sporangium with columella showing within; m the middle is ruptured sporangium with some of the gonidia clinging to the colu- mella ; at right two ruptured sporangia with everted columella. capable of growing and forming called chlamy do spores. the mycelium again. They are sometimes Water Moulds (Saprolegnia). 279. The water moulds are very interesting plants to study because they are so easy to obtain, and it is so easy to observe a type of gonidium here to which we have referred in our studies ofthealgae, the
RMW23PRA–Archive image from page 178 of The cytoplasm of the plant. The cytoplasm of the plant cell cytoplasmofplant00guil Year: 1941 .Ch 1 mm 2 HmfL Fig. 107 (left). — Dematium. Bouin's method, stained with hemalum. 1, filament. 2, germinating conidium. VCM, vacuole containing metachromatin precipitates, n, nucleus. Fig. 108 (right). — Saprolegnia. Chondriome and vacuolar system. 1-3, Vital staining with neutral red. 1, tip of filament; reticular vacuole (RV) ; other elements omitted. 2, older filament; tendency of network to become a diffusely stained canal (V) containing deeply stained bodies (
RM2AJD51W–Elementary botany . body with a sterile base, which proliferates ..•••?•>;. and forms a new sporangium in the old one(Harpochytrium), or with slight develop-ment of mycelium in aquatic plants (Cla-dochytrium). Some are parasitic in leavesand stems of land plants. Synchytriumdecipiens is very common on the trailinglegume, Amphicarpasa monoica. 434. Order Ancylistales (Ancylistinese).—The members of this order have a slightdevelopment of mycelium and many areparasitic in algae (Lagenidium, fig. 249). 435. Order Saprolegniales (Saproleg-niinese).—These include the water molds(Saprolegnia). See
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. VIl] PATHOLOGY OF FOSSIL TISSUES. 215 described by Etheridge^ from a Permo-Carboniferous coral. This observer records the occurrence of tubular cavities in the calices of Stenopora crinita Lonsd., and attributes their origin to a fungus which he names Palaeoperone endophytica; he mentions one case in which a tube contains fine spherical spore-like bodies which he compares with the spores of a Saprolegnia. As pointed out above (p. 128), it is almost impossible to decide how far these tubes in shells and corals should be attribu Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG16X8/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-vil-pathology-of-fossil-tissues-215-described-by-etheridge-from-a-permo-carboniferous-coral-this-observer-records-the-occurrence-of-tubular-cavities-in-the-calices-of-stenopora-crinita-lonsd-and-attributes-their-origin-to-a-fungus-which-he-names-palaeoperone-endophytica-he-mentions-one-case-in-which-a-tube-contains-fine-spherical-spore-like-bodies-which-he-compares-with-the-spores-of-a-saprolegnia-as-pointed-out-above-p-128-it-is-almost-impossible-to-decide-how-far-these-tubes-in-shells-and-corals-should-be-attribu-PG16X8.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. VIl] PATHOLOGY OF FOSSIL TISSUES. 215 described by Etheridge^ from a Permo-Carboniferous coral. This observer records the occurrence of tubular cavities in the calices of Stenopora crinita Lonsd., and attributes their origin to a fungus which he names Palaeoperone endophytica; he mentions one case in which a tube contains fine spherical spore-like bodies which he compares with the spores of a Saprolegnia. As pointed out above (p. 128), it is almost impossible to decide how far these tubes in shells and corals should be attribu Stock Photo")
RMPG16X8–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. VIl] PATHOLOGY OF FOSSIL TISSUES. 215 described by Etheridge^ from a Permo-Carboniferous coral. This observer records the occurrence of tubular cavities in the calices of Stenopora crinita Lonsd., and attributes their origin to a fungus which he names Palaeoperone endophytica; he mentions one case in which a tube contains fine spherical spore-like bodies which he compares with the spores of a Saprolegnia. As pointed out above (p. 128), it is almost impossible to decide how far these tubes in shells and corals should be attribu
RMMAB61E–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . h is -c Woronina. — W. polycystis. « Ein Schlauchende von Saprolegnia mit 5 Fächern, in jedem ein Sporangiensorus, der oberste sich entleerend (Vergr. 200, nach Pringsheim). & In den beiden unteren Fächern je ein Cystosorus (c), in den oberen ein Sporangiensorus (s) (Vergr. ca. 300, ergänzt nach Cornu). Wiutei-, die Pilze. R'. AWli. 5
RMW22WX1–Archive image from page 113 of The cytoplasm of the plant. The cytoplasm of the plant cell cytoplasmofplant00guil Year: 1941 ,—>i T-C J... Fig. 66. — A-D, Epidermal cells of petal of tulip, c, leucoplasts; vi, chondrio- somes; gg, lipide granules. B, beginning of change in leucoplasts. C, vesicula- tion. D, cells fixed by Regaud's method. E-H, filament of Saprolegnia. n, nu- cleus; c, chondriocont. F, beginning of change in chondriosomes. G, vesiculation, V, vesicle. H, filament fixed by Regaud's method. more, the two categories of elements are capable of division and frequent stages i
RM2AJDEAF–Elementary botany . Fig. iq6.Branch of saprolegnia showing oogonia with oospores, eggs matured parthenogenetically. the end, and the zoogonidia swirl out and swim around for ashort time, when they come to rest. With a good magnifying. Fig. 197-Downy mildew of grape (Plasmopora viti-cola), showing tuft of gonidiophores bearinggonidia, also intercellular mycelium. (AfterMillardet.) Fig. 198.Phytophthora infestans showing pe-culiar branches ; gonidia below. power the two cilia on the end may be seen, or we may make FUNGI: SAPROLEGNIA. IS3
RMPFK7H8–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter XIII — 135 — Vital Staining This reduction is observed between slide and cover glass and in tissue incapable of development. It is probable that under nor- mal conditions, i.e., in culture or in an organ capable of growth, the rose derivative, once formed, accumulates in the vacuoles be- fore the growth of the tissue. It has been seen that in Saprolegnia similar phenomena take place. In many fungi, however, especially in the yeasts, Janus green may be taken up by the cytoplasm at the same time as by the chondriosom
RMMAB5XA–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Saprolegnia. — a S. Thureti. Apan- drische Oogonien mit zahlreichen reifen Oosporen, stark getüpfelter Wand (Vergr. 180, nach Pringsheim). h S. torulosa. Eine reife, centrisch gebaute Oospore, mit breitem, centralen Fetttropfen, zwei- schichtiger Wand (Vergr. 375, nach de Bary). worden sind, sind werthlos. Aber selbst die Verwerthung der Sexualorgane für die Diagnose konnte so lange keine Sicher- heit gewähren, so lange man nicht die verschiedenen Species, welche meist gesellig in einem und demselben Easeu v
RMRYG3P6–Einführung in die Biologie einfhrungindie00maas Year: 1912 Zweites Kapitel. Bau und Leben der Lagerpflanzen. Spaltalgen und Spaltpilze. Geißelalgen: Euglena. Grünalgen: Mesocarpus (Frucht- sporen); Oedogonium (Schwärmsporen, Samensäcke und Eisäcke, geschlechtliche und ungeschlechtliche Fortpflanzung); Vaucheria; Cladophora (Scheitelzelle). Rotalgen: Batrachospermum. Braunalgen: Fucus. Algenpilze: Saprolegnia, Mucor. Schlauch- pilze: Penicillium, Eryslphe, Morchella. Ständerpilze: Rost- und Hutpilze. Ziemlich abseits von den übrigen Gewächsen stehen die Spalt- pflanzen (Schizophyten), so gena
RM2AJDEJ0–Elementary botany . Fig. 195-of saprolegnia, one showing the escape of the zoogo-nidia., show that the protoplasm is divided up into agreat number of small areas, as shown in fig. 195.With the low power we should watch some of the older ap-pearing ones, and if after a few minutes they do not open, otherpreparations should be made. 182 MORPHOLOGY. 391. Zoogonidia of saprolegnia.—The sporangium opens at. Fig. iq6.Branch of saprolegnia showing oogonia with oospores, eggs matured parthenogenetically. the end, and the zoogonidia swirl out and swim around for ashort time, when they come to rest. Wit
RMPG3FF5–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. REPRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL 8ll amoeboid movements; much more characteristic are non-motile car- pospores and tetraspores (figs. 150, 151), which, like zoospores, are devoid of protective walls. Non-motile spores may occur also in the green algae (as in the aplanospores of Botrydium, fig. 93). Asexual spores in the fungi. â⢠Perhaps the culmination of asexual spore development occurs in the fungi. A few forms that grow in water or in wet places have ciliated zoospores (as in Saprolegnia, fig. 156); in certain myxomycetes there ar
RMMAB60X–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . ;5 Eozella. — E. septigena. a Ein Schlauchende von Saprolegnia mit sechs Fächern, in jedem ein cylin- drisches, das Fach gänzlich ausfüllendes Sorussporaugium (Vergr. 300, nach Pringsheim). b Ein Stück Saprolegnia mit sog. falschen Oogonien, je eine stachelige Dauer- spore (f?) enthaltend, bei s Sporangien dos Parasiten (Vergr. ca. 400, nach Cornu). ohne Zickzacksprünge, regelmässig. Dauer- zustände, Dauersporen kugelig, mit fein- stacheligem, braunen, dicken Exospor, dünnem Endospor, grossem Fetttropfen, br
RMRX5WRJ–Einführung in die Biologie (1912) Einführung in die Biologie einfhrungindie00maas Year: 1912 Zweites Kapitel. Bau und Leben der Lagerpflanzen. Spaltalgen und Spaltpilze. Geißelalgen: Euglena. Grünalgen: Mesocarpus (Frucht- sporen); Oedogonium (Schwärmsporen, Samensäcke und Eisäcke, geschlechtliche und ungeschlechtliche Fortpflanzung); Vaucheria; Cladophora (Scheitelzelle). Rotalgen: Batrachospermum. Braunalgen: Fucus. Algenpilze: Saprolegnia, Mucor. Schlauch- pilze: Penicillium, Eryslphe, Morchella. Ständerpilze: Rost- und Hutpilze. Ziemlich abseits von den übrigen Gewächsen stehen die Spalt-
RM2AXF6YW–Text-book of structural and physiological botany . FiG. 402.—Beer-yeast, Saccharomyces Fig. 403.—-Process of impregnation {Toridd) CerevisicB. (x 450.) of Saprolegnia i7toiioica. a an- theridia ; t fertilising tubeswhich penetrate into the oogoniums ; r r mycelial filaments. procal influence on one another of two cells of differentkinds. In the SaprolegnieiB (Fig. 403) and Peronosporeaedie female cells or oogonia are spherical, full of protoplasm,and usually terminal. Their protoplasm collects into oneor more globular masses, the oospheres^ which have at firsta smooth surface, but no cell-wall
RMPFK7MN–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. /C^^v,/^ 'V Fig. 64 (left). — Chondriome in (1-4) diflferentiated colorless root par- enchyma of Athyrium Filix-femina and in (5, 6) frog's liver. Regaud's method. (After Mangenot and Emberger). Fig. 65 (right). — Detail of chondriome in (A) Saprolegnia and in (B) epidermis of tulip perianth. X 3000. Regaud's method. These two categories have the same shape in the phanerogams and it is almost always impossible to tell them apart in the meri- stems and usually, also, even in mature cells which do not have chlorophyll. They
RMMCR7MC–. entleerte Sporangien hineinwachsen, cy- lindrisch, i bis meh- rere oder selbstviele Saprolegnia Thiirctii de Bary. I Ein Rasün des Pilzes, aus einer Fliege hervorbrechend, II u. III in der Auskeimung begriffene Schwärmer. weilen wenn sie in ^^ Schwärmsporangium sp mit seinen .Schwärmern, von denen der grössere Theil schon hin weggeeilt ist. V Entleertes Schwärmsporangium, in welches der Tragschlauch wiederholt hineingewachsen ist, um neue Sporangien zu bilden. Die in einander geschachtelten Haute derselben sind in ihrer Aufeinanderfolge durch die Zahlen l—4 bezeichnet. VI Antheridienlose Oos
RMRYFCGW–Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz drlrabenhorstskr0104rabe Year: 1892 65 Fiff. y. h is -c Woronina. — W. polycystis. « Ein Schlauchende von Saprolegnia mit 5 Fächern, in jedem ein Sporangiensorus, der oberste sich entleerend (Vergr. 200, nach Pringsheim). & In den beiden unteren Fächern je ein Cystosorus (c), in den oberen ein Sporangiensorus (s) (Vergr. ca. 300, ergänzt nach Cornu). Wiutei-, die Pilze. R'. AWli. 5
RM2AG0466–. The cell; outlines of general anatomy and physiology. m ofthe cell. Sometimestwo nuclei are enclosedin one cell; these sub-sequently are eitherseparated from one another by a partition wall, or, as in Corydaliscava, fuse together to form a single cell. The sporangium of Saprolegnia is, to commence with, a longcell filled with protoplasm. Later on the nuclei in it increasevery much in number through bipartitions, which for the mostpart occur simultaneously. After a time they distribu te themselvesevenly throughout the cell-space. The protoplasm in the neigh-bourhood of each nucleus then diffe
RMPFK7X9–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter VII 67 — The Chondriome they stain selectively with Janus green, methyl violet 5B and Dahlia violet. Recent research (Guilliermond and Gautheret) has made known other vital dyes for staining chondriosomes: gentian violet, crystal violet, Hoffman violet, methyl green, iodine green, malachite green and Victoria blue. Among these, Janus green is one of the least toxic. Used with Saprolegnia in weak concentrations (0.0005-0.005% solutions) it stains only the chon- driosomes, giving them a bluish green color in filament
![. A Saprolegiiia Thnreti: 1 glicge mit Saprolegnia- Wafen; 2 3'"'iP'"^''"9'"'"! 3 situäfc^Iüpfen ber 3oofpo5 rcn; 4 Cogonium unb aint^fc= ribium. B Saprolegnia asterophora: Oogontum unb 3(nt^mbiuin. 3(Db. 18: 9Saflcrfabeu = Git)iIäe (Saprolegniineae). C Achlya prolifera: 1 5pfläll,i5 djtn, ftart oergröpert; 2 3oo= fpotongtum; 3 Slueitreten ber 3oofporen; 4 Dogoniimt unb 21ntt)cribtum; 5 Coiporc. D Achlya polyandra: Dogo= niuin mit f cimenben Dof poreii. E Lcptomitus lactens: 1 Seil cineä SDIpjclfabenä mit jungen goofporangien; 2 StüdE einc§ reifen äoolPorangiumi; 3 Qoo Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCRBEF/a-saprolegiiia-thnreti-1-glicge-mit-saprolegnia-wafen-2-3quotipquotquot9quotquot!-3-situfcipfen-ber-3oofpo5-rcn-4-cogonium-unb-aintfc=-ribium-b-saprolegnia-asterophora-oogontum-unb-3ntmbiuin-3db-18-9saflcrfabeu-=-gitiie-saprolegniineae-c-achlya-prolifera-1-5pfllli5-djtn-ftart-oergrpert-2-3oo=-fpotongtum-3-slueitreten-ber-3oofporen-4-dogoniimt-unb-21nttcribtum-5-coiporc-d-achlya-polyandra-dogo=-niuin-mit-f-cimenben-dof-poreii-e-lcptomitus-lactens-1-seil-cine-sdipjclfaben-mit-jungen-goofporangien-2-stde-einc-reifen-oolporangiumi-3-qoo-MCRBEF.jpg ". A Saprolegiiia Thnreti: 1 glicge mit Saprolegnia- Wafen; 2 3'"'iP'"^''"9'"'"! 3 situäfc^Iüpfen ber 3oofpo5 rcn; 4 Cogonium unb aint^fc= ribium. B Saprolegnia asterophora: Oogontum unb 3(nt^mbiuin. 3(Db. 18: 9Saflcrfabeu = Git)iIäe (Saprolegniineae). C Achlya prolifera: 1 5pfläll,i5 djtn, ftart oergröpert; 2 3oo= fpotongtum; 3 Slueitreten ber 3oofporen; 4 Dogoniimt unb 21ntt)cribtum; 5 Coiporc. D Achlya polyandra: Dogo= niuin mit f cimenben Dof poreii. E Lcptomitus lactens: 1 Seil cineä SDIpjclfabenä mit jungen goofporangien; 2 StüdE einc§ reifen äoolPorangiumi; 3 Qoo Stock Photo")
RMMCRBEF–. A Saprolegiiia Thnreti: 1 glicge mit Saprolegnia- Wafen; 2 3'"'iP'"^''"9'"'"! 3 situäfc^Iüpfen ber 3oofpo5 rcn; 4 Cogonium unb aint^fc= ribium. B Saprolegnia asterophora: Oogontum unb 3(nt^mbiuin. 3(Db. 18: 9Saflcrfabeu = Git)iIäe (Saprolegniineae). C Achlya prolifera: 1 5pfläll,i5 djtn, ftart oergröpert; 2 3oo= fpotongtum; 3 Slueitreten ber 3oofporen; 4 Dogoniimt unb 21ntt)cribtum; 5 Coiporc. D Achlya polyandra: Dogo= niuin mit f cimenben Dof poreii. E Lcptomitus lactens: 1 Seil cineä SDIpjclfabenä mit jungen goofporangien; 2 StüdE einc§ reifen äoolPorangiumi; 3 Qoo
RMT3XMXD–Archive image from page 123 of Die pilze in morphologischer, physiologischer,. Die pilze in morphologischer, physiologischer, biologischer und systematischer beziehung diepilzeinmorpho00zopf Year: 1890 Die Pilze. nähmlich Leptotnitus lactcus Ag.rdh, Z. brachynema Hildebrand, L.pyrifcriis Zopf '), sowie Vertreter der Gattung Achlya und Saprolegnia. Fig. 62. (B. 671.) Leptomitus lactcus Ag. I Schwim- mendes Strohhalmfragment mit Rasen des Pilzes in natürlicher Grösse besetzt. II40 fach. Stück eines Zweigsystems, die Einschnü- rungen an den Fäden, die rund- lichen Cellulinkörner und drei Spora
RM2AN846F–An illustrated encyclopædic medical dictionaryBeing a dictionary of the technical terms used by writers on medicine and the collateral sciences, in the Latin, English, French and German languages . MULTIPLE CELL-FORMATION. (AFTER THOMfi.)A, end of one of the fllameuts of a species of Saprolegnia: by condensation of tbe proto-j>lasm, the terminal portion has become Bomewbat darker tnan the rest. £, by the fornia-tion of a limiting membrane, the protoplftsm of the terminal portion has been abut off fromthe rest, forming a c. which has already given rise to numerous ca (Bwarm-BpoTes) by in-ter
![. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 82 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS the fungi known as white-rusts and mildews. Of the latter the potato-fungus, Phytophthora infestans, the cause of the destructive " potato-rot," is one of the most familiar. The water-moulds (Saprolegniacese), (Fig. 21, A, D) are aquatic fungi, either saprophytes on the dead hodies. Fig. 21 (Phycomyoetes). — A, a dead fly covered with a growth of water- mould (Saprolegnia); 6, a sporangium of Saprolegnia about to open; C, a single zoospore; D, part of a plant of Saprolegnia with two young oogonia, og; E, a Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG1Y48/lectures-on-the-evolution-of-plants-botany-plants-82-evolution-of-plants-the-fungi-known-as-white-rusts-and-mildews-of-the-latter-the-potato-fungus-phytophthora-infestans-the-cause-of-the-destructive-quot-potato-rotquot-is-one-of-the-most-familiar-the-water-moulds-saprolegniacese-fig-21-a-d-are-aquatic-fungi-either-saprophytes-on-the-dead-hodies-fig-21-phycomyoetes-a-a-dead-fly-covered-with-a-growth-of-water-mould-saprolegnia-6-a-sporangium-of-saprolegnia-about-to-open-c-a-single-zoospore-d-part-of-a-plant-of-saprolegnia-with-two-young-oogonia-og-e-a-PG1Y48.jpg ". Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 82 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS the fungi known as white-rusts and mildews. Of the latter the potato-fungus, Phytophthora infestans, the cause of the destructive " potato-rot," is one of the most familiar. The water-moulds (Saprolegniacese), (Fig. 21, A, D) are aquatic fungi, either saprophytes on the dead hodies. Fig. 21 (Phycomyoetes). — A, a dead fly covered with a growth of water- mould (Saprolegnia); 6, a sporangium of Saprolegnia about to open; C, a single zoospore; D, part of a plant of Saprolegnia with two young oogonia, og; E, a Stock Photo")
RMPG1Y48–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 82 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS the fungi known as white-rusts and mildews. Of the latter the potato-fungus, Phytophthora infestans, the cause of the destructive " potato-rot," is one of the most familiar. The water-moulds (Saprolegniacese), (Fig. 21, A, D) are aquatic fungi, either saprophytes on the dead hodies. Fig. 21 (Phycomyoetes). — A, a dead fly covered with a growth of water- mould (Saprolegnia); 6, a sporangium of Saprolegnia about to open; C, a single zoospore; D, part of a plant of Saprolegnia with two young oogonia, og; E, a
RMMAB5WB–. Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz . Gonapodya. — G. proli- fera. Ein Stück des ge- gliederten Mycels mit den schotenförmigen, nach der Entleerung durchwachsen- den Sporangien (Vergr. 240, nach Eeinsch). 289. G. prolifera (Cornu, 1872). Synon.: Monoblepharis prolifera Cornu, 1872, A. sc. nat. 5. Serie XV. p. 16. Saprolegnia siliquaeformis Eeinsch, Jahrb. wiss. Bot. XI. p. 293. Abbild.: Reinsch, 1. c. Taf. XV, 12, 13. Cornu bei van Tieghem, Traitc de Bot. 1884, p. 1029, Fig. 620, .2. Fadenglieder kurz-ellipsoidisch, spindelförmig, 22 — 28/t lang
RMRYH421–Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz drlrabenhorstskr0104rabe Year: 1892 70 Fig. 11. ;5 Eozella. — E. septigena. a Ein Schlauchende von Saprolegnia mit sechs Fächern, in jedem ein cylin- drisches, das Fach gänzlich ausfüllendes Sorussporaugium (Vergr. 300, nach Pringsheim). b Ein Stück Saprolegnia mit sog. falschen Oogonien, je eine stachelige Dauer- spore (f?) enthaltend, bei s Sporangien dos Parasiten (Vergr. ca. 400, nach Cornu). ohne Zickzacksprünge, regelmässig. Dauer- zustände, Dauersporen kugelig, mit fein- stacheligem, braunen, dicken
RM2AGD24T–. Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. duction asexuée. Elle endifférait seulement en ce quelle produisait de nombreux oocystes et, assezfréquemment aussi, des anthérocystes. W An investigation of a species of Saprolegnia ( The New Phytologist, vol. IX,n°< 8 et 9). — 377 — Tout considéré, nous avons affaire dans ces divers échantillons à uneseule et même espèce provenant de localités différentes. Les spécimens de S. torulosa qui font lobjet du présent travail montmontré dans leur reproduction sexuée des variations aussi fréquentes quecelles que javais déjà constatées antérieure
![. Deutsche Flora. Pharmaceutisch-medicinische Botanik. Ein Grundriss der systematischen Botanik zum Selbststudium für Aerzte, Apotheker und Botaniker. Plants; Medicinal plants. Zygomycetes. Mucoreae. 121 selbe Erscheinung zeigt sicli bei Saprolegnia. Diese „Zellennetzsporangien" waren der Charakter der Gattung Dictyuchus Leitr/eb. — § 1. Mehrere Keim- zellen in einer Eizelle: A. prolifcra Nees. Gonidicnbehälter auf den die Geschlechtsorgane tragenden Individuen; 1 — 2 Pollinodien befruchten die ein- zeln stehenden Oogonien. Auf todten Insecten. A. raccmosa Hihi W. Vor., aber die Eizellen Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PF9FN6/deutsche-flora-pharmaceutisch-medicinische-botanik-ein-grundriss-der-systematischen-botanik-zum-selbststudium-fr-aerzte-apotheker-und-botaniker-plants-medicinal-plants-zygomycetes-mucoreae-121-selbe-erscheinung-zeigt-sicli-bei-saprolegnia-diese-zellennetzsporangienquot-waren-der-charakter-der-gattung-dictyuchus-leitreb-1-mehrere-keim-zellen-in-einer-eizelle-a-prolifcra-nees-gonidicnbehlter-auf-den-die-geschlechtsorgane-tragenden-individuen-1-2-pollinodien-befruchten-die-ein-zeln-stehenden-oogonien-auf-todten-insecten-a-raccmosa-hihi-w-vor-aber-die-eizellen-PF9FN6.jpg ". Deutsche Flora. Pharmaceutisch-medicinische Botanik. Ein Grundriss der systematischen Botanik zum Selbststudium für Aerzte, Apotheker und Botaniker. Plants; Medicinal plants. Zygomycetes. Mucoreae. 121 selbe Erscheinung zeigt sicli bei Saprolegnia. Diese „Zellennetzsporangien" waren der Charakter der Gattung Dictyuchus Leitr/eb. — § 1. Mehrere Keim- zellen in einer Eizelle: A. prolifcra Nees. Gonidicnbehälter auf den die Geschlechtsorgane tragenden Individuen; 1 — 2 Pollinodien befruchten die ein- zeln stehenden Oogonien. Auf todten Insecten. A. raccmosa Hihi W. Vor., aber die Eizellen Stock Photo")
RMPF9FN6–. Deutsche Flora. Pharmaceutisch-medicinische Botanik. Ein Grundriss der systematischen Botanik zum Selbststudium für Aerzte, Apotheker und Botaniker. Plants; Medicinal plants. Zygomycetes. Mucoreae. 121 selbe Erscheinung zeigt sicli bei Saprolegnia. Diese „Zellennetzsporangien" waren der Charakter der Gattung Dictyuchus Leitr/eb. — § 1. Mehrere Keim- zellen in einer Eizelle: A. prolifcra Nees. Gonidicnbehälter auf den die Geschlechtsorgane tragenden Individuen; 1 — 2 Pollinodien befruchten die ein- zeln stehenden Oogonien. Auf todten Insecten. A. raccmosa Hihi W. Vor., aber die Eizellen
RMMA7F17–. Einführung in die Biologie . Fig. 22. Saprolegnia. a 50/1, b—e 200/1. Alte Fäden auf schon faulenden Fliegen bilden Geschlechtsorgane. Die Eisäcke {es in d) sind kugelig, durch eine Wand von dem tragenden Ast abgeteilt, und enthalten mehrere Eizellen. Die Samensäcke (ss) sind dünne Äste, die sich an einen Eisack anlegen, durch dünne Stellen der Wand sich in den Eisack eindrängen und in die Eizellen ihren mehr- kernigen Inhalt ergießen. Jede Eizelle kann befruchtet, zu einer Ei- spore (sp) werden, die sich mit einer derben Haut umgibt. Nicht selten entwickeln sich die Eizellen auch ohne Befru
RM2AGD1PJ–. Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. horst,Kryptogamen-Flora, IV. — 378 — Toutefois les zoospores des sporanges initiaux séchappaient de cesderniers suivant le mode habituel bien connu dans le genre Saprolegnia.Toutes les zoospores, en outre, étaient dimorphes comme cest le casgénéral chez les Saprolegnia. Lintérêt tout particulier de lespèce qui nous occupe réside dans laformation de sporanges secondaires ainsi que de sporanges postérieursà ceux-ci. Premier mode de formation des sporanges secondaires. Lorsque les sporanges primaires ont une forme cylindrique et sontassez courts
RMPFK7FP–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. .Ch 1 mm 2. HmfL Fig. 107 (left). — Dematium. Bouin's method, stained with hemalum. 1, filament. 2, germinating conidium. VCM, vacuole containing metachromatin precipitates, n, nucleus. Fig. 108 (right). — Saprolegnia. Chondriome and vacuolar system. 1-3, Vital staining with neutral red. 1, tip of filament; reticular vacuole (RV) ; other elements omitted. 2, older filament; tendency of network to become a diffusely stained canal (V) containing deeply stained bodies (CM), other elements visible but unstained. 3, still older
RM2AGC47H–. Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Fig. 3. — Saprolegnia Thureti : Formation des sporanges secondaires,superposés les uns aux autres. Ensuite un troisième et dernier sporange se forme comme lavait fait ledeuxième (fig. 3D). Quelquefois les trois sporanges ainsi produits peuvent demeurer à létatde repos durant un temps plus ou moins long (fig. 3 E). Transportésdans leau distdlée, ils produisent des spores et les évacuent lune aprèslautre (fig. 3 F). Troisième mode de formation des sporanges secondaires. Lorsque les sporanges primaires sont très allongés, les sporanges secon-dai
RMPFK7MH–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. ,—>i T-C. J.^^..^ Fig. 66. — A-D, Epidermal cells of petal of tulip, c, leucoplasts; vi, chondrio- somes; gg, lipide granules. B, beginning of change in leucoplasts. C, vesicula- tion. D, cells fixed by Regaud's method. E-H, filament of Saprolegnia. n, nu- cleus; c, chondriocont. F, beginning of change in chondriosomes. G, vesiculation, V, vesicle. H, filament fixed by Regaud's method. more, the two categories of elements are capable of division and frequent stages in division are observed. If these two categories of el
RM2CEYA8J–. The microscope and its revelations. ents of the latter break upinto a number of obspores, each of whichgives rise to a mycele, or breaks up intozoospores. In some genera, e.g. Achlya(tig. 478), zoospores are also produced invery large numbers by the breaking-upof the contents of zoosporanges, specialenlarged cells of the mycele. The well-known salmon disease is caused by theattacks of the parasitic Saprolegnia f&raxon the living flesh of the animal. The Mucorini are filamentous fungi,resembling the two last orders in theirvegetative development, but differing in t heir mode of reproduction.
RMPFY6WG–. Current bibliography for fisheries science. Fisheries. 7,99 ALGAE> MISC. (continued) 583308 583374 583475 583493 583535 583536 8>01 BACTERIA* 583381 583383 583448 583484 Bacterium 583031 Flavobact erium 583376 8,33 Ichthyophonus 583584 8,37 Saprolegnia 583418 583439 9,16 I so et e s 583114 9,43 Elodea 583050 9,44 9,45 9,46 9,70 9,73 9,75 9,86 9,97 9,99 Najas Potamogetón Sagittaria Vallisneria Zostera Juncus Eriocaulon EI eochar i s Ceratophyllum Ranunculus Elatine Myriophyllum Oratio la 583114 583114 583114 583114 583341 583342 583114 583114 583114 583114 583114 583114 582114 583114 HI
RM2CEKT5B–. Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation : a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. With 280 explanatory illustrations, printed with the text. AILMENTS AND DISEASES. Fig. 75. Fungus on Spawn.Saprolegnia ferax.Greatly enlarged. Fungus on Spawn. The spawn of fishes is attacked by a funguswhich manifests itself by short hairlike growths on the surface. Fig. 75. Its is usually one of the species of the Saproleg- niaceae, Saprolegnia ferax or Dictyuchus polyspo-rur, the spores of which are present in all natu-ral waters,and are more
RM2CE2RK6–. Plants and their uses; an introduction to botany . Fig. 327.—Water-mold {Saprolegnia Thureti, Wator-mold Family,SaprolegniacecB). A, dead fly attacked by water-mold, surroundedby radiating hjijha terminating in swarm-spore-cases, {. B, swarni-spore-case in which the spores are forming, ^o. C, same, dischargingswarm-spores. E, female gamatangium containing four female gametesto which comes a projection from the male gametangium that arisesas a branch hypha from below the female gametangium, ^,o. (Thuret,DeBary.)—Water-molds abound upon dead insects, etc., in water. a convex partition, swells
RM2CEX9KW–. Sargasso. CHARLES K. TRUEBLOOD, Richmond, Ind. B. S., Chemistry and Biology. Thesis : Experiments on theLife Functions of Saprolegnia. Haverford Scholarship 4; Day Students Organization 1-4. In faith, he is a worthy gentleman.Exceeding well read. The man in black, the gentleman of mystery, who contentshimself with scholastic attainments, is a scientist, a man of let-ters, an actor, and a baffling, fascinating mystery to the girls.. ORA WRIGHT, Fairmount, Ind. A. 1!., German. Thesis: Literary Cbaracteristics of Storm. Y. W. C. A. S2, 3, 4. Cabinet 4; Student Volunteer Band 4;Chorus YV4; Ihcen
RM2CEX9W1–. Sargasso. MARY TAYLOR, Detroit, Mich. A. B., Latin. Y. W. C. A. 1-4, Cabinet 4; Chorus 4; Phoenix 1, 4; ClassicalClub 2-4; Class Secretary W4. Youth is ever confiding. Mary is very literary in her habits, and her post-office keyis not allowed to rust from disuse. When she is homesick shedivides her attention between Detroit and Indianapolis, andwhen she is sensible she has a mighty jolly time up on third.. CHARLES K. TRUEBLOOD, Richmond, Ind. B. S., Chemistry and Biology. Thesis : Experiments on theLife Functions of Saprolegnia. Haverford Scholarship 4; Day Students Organization 1-4. In fait
RMRDWGAB–. Elementary botany. Botany. FUNG/: SAPROLEGNIA. 125. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt
RMRDWGB0–. Elementary botany. Botany. FUNGI: SAPROLEGNIA. 123 thread of the mycelium. In other cases large portions of the threads of the mycelium may separate into chains of cells. Both these kinds of cells are. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt
RMRE0P9G–. Elementary botany. Botany. FUNGI: SAPROLEGNIA. 123 thread of the mycelium. In other cases large portions of the threads of the mycelium may separate into chains of cells. Both these kinds of cells are. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt
RMRD3G2A–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter X — 101 — Duality of the Ghondriome cells which we have studied and the chondriosomes of Saprolegnia show exactly the same refractivity. Slightly superior to that of cytoplasm, this refractivity, although very slight, still permits the chondriosomes to be adequately seen. Under the ultramicroscope the two categories of elements of epidermal cells and the chondrio- somes of Saprolegnia are distinguishable only under very favorable conditions. When visible, they always have the same appearance and are seen only becau
RMRE3N2C–. Introduction to cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. 10 INTRODUCTION TO CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY. some of the lower Cryptogams the impregnating bodies preserve aa animal type, and it is to be observed that direct proof of the function of these bodies has been elicited amongst Alga?, in the first instance by Thuret,* and afterwards by Pringsheimf and his followers. Where the flagelliform appendages charac- teristic of spermatozoids disappear, as in Lichens and Fungr, there is still molecular motion ; and if Leptomitus (or as it is sometimes called Saprolegnia, Achlya, &c.), as I believe to be the ca
RMREE465–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. OOMYCETES 79 The conidia and sporangia of the Peronosporaceae behave very differently on germination. In Pythiomorpha gonapodioides the zoo- spores are formed in the zoosporangium and are discharged by the solution of the papilla and the rupture of the inner membrane. They come to rest, encyst, and germinate either by hyphae or swarming. The second swarm stage is non-motile. Secondary sporangia are some- times formed by proliferation of the primary sporangia as in Saprolegnia (Kanouse, 1925). In Pythiogeton at the evacuation of the sporangium the whole
RMRFWBW2–. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. ACHLYA AND SAPROLEGNIA. '05 anthericlium from the filament it contains a small but variable number of nuclei. These nuclei undergo the same changes as those in the oogonium, /. <?., they divide karyokinetically, and some disorganize. The fecundation-tubes are now developed and usually more than one from each antheridium. They penetrate the wall of the oogonium at. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may no
RMRE0P9C–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 133. A mucor (Rhizopus nigricans); at left nearly mature sporangium with columella showing within; in the middle is ruptured sporangium with some of the gonidia clinging to the colu- mella ; at right two ruptured sporangia with everted columella. capable of growing and forming the mycelium again, called chlamydospores. They are sometimes Water Moulds (Saprolegnia). 279. The water moulds are very interesting plants to study because they are so easy to obtain, and it is so easy to observe a type of gonidium here to which we have referred in our studies of the al
RMRD2HHP–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 135- Branch of saprolegnia showing oogonia with oospores, eggs matured parthenogenetically. the end, and the zoogonidia swirl out and swim around for a short time, when they come to rest. With a good magnifying. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt and company
RMRDWGAR–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 133- A mucor (Rhizopus nigricans); at left nearly mature sporangium with columella showing within; in the middle is ruptured sporangium with some of the gonidia clinging to the colu- mella ; at right two ruptured sporangia with everted columella. capable of growing and forming the mycelium again. They are sometimes called chlamydospores. Water Moulds (Saprolegnia). 279. The water moulds are very interesting plants to study because they are so easy to obtain, and it is so easy to observe a type of gonidium here to which we have referred in our studies of the al
RMRD2HHX–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 133- A mucor (Rhizopns nigricans); at left nearly mature sporangium with columella showing within; m the middle is ruptured sporangium with some of the gonidia clinging to the colu- mella ; at right two ruptured sporangia with everted columella. capable of growing and forming called chlamy do spores. the mycelium again. They are sometimes Water Moulds (Saprolegnia). 279. The water moulds are very interesting plants to study because they are so easy to obtain, and it is so easy to observe a type of gonidium here to which we have referred in our studies ofthealg
RMRDJ5B9–. Microbes, ferments and moulds . Bacteria; Fungi; Fermentation. 48 MICROBES, FERMENTS, AND MOULDS. wasp, because it is attacked during its lifetime by a fungus which it carries about for some time, and which finally causes its death: this is Torrubia spherocephala (Tulasne). Isaria sphingum, another m Fig. 21.—Two filaments of Sapro- legnia containing spores (grejitly magnified).. Fig. 22.—Oogonium of Saprolegnia surrounded by Antheridia (much magnified). species of the same genus, has been observed on the back of a butterfly, which was poised upon a leaf as if alive, and which was probably k
RMRD3FE9–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Chapter XVII — 195 Golgi Apparatus As a result of these investigations, we extended our research to cover a large number of plants, belonging to the most varied groups, which confirmed and completed our earlier findings. The study of the vacuolar system, notably in the seedling of the pea, gave us particularly suggestive results. In the meristem cells of the root (Fig. 130), there is obtained by silver methods an entirely characteristic reticulate apparatus and it is observed that during. Fig. 132. — Saprolegnia. Vacuolar
RMRDWGAM–. Elementary botany. Botany. 124 MORPHOLOGY. ordinary threads of the mycelium. Some of the threads should be mounted in fresh water. Search for some of those which. Fig. 134- Sporangia of saprolegnia, one showing the escape of the zoogo- nidia. show that the protoplasm is divided up into a great number of small areas, as shown in fig. 134. With the low power we should watch some of the older ap- pearing ones, and if after a few minutes they do not open, other preparations should be made. 282. Zoogonidia of saprolegnia.—The sporangium opens at. Please note that these images are extracted from s
RMRE2N6D–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 199. Fertilization in saprolegnia, tube of antheridium carrying m the nucleus of the sperm cell to the egg. In the right-hand figure a smaller sperm nucleus is about to fuse with the nucleus of the egg. (After Humphrey and Trow.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York : H. Holt
RMRD2HJ1–. Elementary botany. Botany. 124 MORPHOLOGY. ordinary threads of the mycelium. Some of the threads should be mounted in fresh water. Search for some of those which. Fig. 134- Sporangia of saprolegnia, one showing the escape of the nidia. zoogo- show that the protoplasm is divided up into a great number of small areas, as shown in fig. 134. With the low power we should watch some of the older ap- pearing ones, and if after a few minutes they do not open, other preparations should be made. 282. Zoogonidia of saprolegnia.—The sporangium opens at. Please note that these images are extracted from s
RMRH93DY–. Botany for agricultural students. Plants. POTATO BLIGHT (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS) 357 scattered about like spores. When the conidia germinate, instead of producing hyphae they produce zoospores, which, after swimming about for a few minutes, lose their ciha and begin to produce new hyphae. If favorably located, the new hyphae find entrance to a leaf through its stomata and start the disease anew. The oogonia and antheridia resemble those of Saprolegnia, but are produced on short hyphae within the tissues of the host. The oospore has a heavy wall and is not liberated until the tissues of the h
RMRE0P90–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 136. Fertilization in saprolegnia, tube of antheridium carrying in the nucleus of the sperm cell to the egg. In the right-hand figure a smaller sperm nucleus is about to fuse with the nucleus of the egg. (After Humphrey and Trow.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt
RMRDWD5B–. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. POTATO BLIGHT (PHYTOPHTHORA INPESTANS) 357 scattered about like spores. When the conidia germinate, instead of producing hyphae they produce zoospores, which, after swimming about for a few minutes, lose their cilia and begin to produce new hyphae. If favorably located, the new hyphae find entrance to a leaf through its stomata and start the disease anew. The oogonja and antheridia resemble those of Saprolegnia, but are produced on short hyphae within the tissues of the host. The oospore has a heavy wall and is not liberated until the tissues o
RMRE2N72–. Elementary botany. Botany. 182 MOKPHOLOGY. 391. Zoogonidia of saprolegnia,—The sporangium opens at. Fig. 106. Branch of saprolegnia showing oogonia with oospores, eggs matured parthenogenetically. the end, and the zoogonidia swirl out and swim around for a short time, when they come to rest. With a good magnifying. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York : H. Holt
RMRD2HHE–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 136. Fertilization in saprolegnia, tube of antheridium carrying m the nucleus of the sperm cell to the egg. In the right-hand figure a smaller sperm nucleus is about to fuse with the nucleus of the egg. (After Humphrey and Trow.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Atkinson, George Francis, 1854-1918. New York, H. Holt and company
RMRE2N79–. Elementary botany. Botany. FUNGI: SAPROLEGA'IA. 181 Water Moulds (Saprolegnia). 391. The water moulds are very interesting plants to stud> because they are so easy to obtain, and it is so easy to observe a type of gonidium here to which we have referred in our studies ofthealga;, the motile gonidium, or zoogonidium. (See appen- dix tor directions for cultivating this mould.) 392. Appearance of the saprolegnia.—In the course of a few days we are quite certain to see in some of the cultures deli- cate whitish threads, radiating outward from the body of the fly in the water. A few threads sh
RMRD3FGY–. The cytoplasm of the plant cell. Plant cells and tissues; Protoplasm. Guilllermond - Atkinson 180 Cytoplasm off and forms the small vacuole of the daughter cell. Dangeard has sought more recently to demonstrate, but this time with vital dyes, that the vacuoles of algal zoospores are always transmitted by means of the filament put out at germination. In Saprolegnia, growing on media to which neutral red has been added and observed in van Tieghem and Le Monnier cells, we have shown, however, that the vacuoles which in the zoospores appear as small granules, fuse at the moment of germination to
RMRHRN8B–. Bilder-Atlas des Pflanzenreichs nach dem natürlichen System. Bilder-Atlas; Pflanzenreich; Botanik; Natürliches System; Pflanzen; Naturgeschichte; Systematik; Nomenklatur; Lehrmittel. 4. Kattoffelptts Phytophthora infestans. 5. glugbptb Ustilago Garbo.. 3. SSafferptlj. Saprolegnia ferax. ?a8; 6. SÖ3et§ettftctubbtattb Tilletia Caries.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Willkomm, Moritz, 1821-1895.
RMRDD7NF–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. POTATO BLIGHT (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS) 357 scattered about like spores. When the conidia germinate, instead of producing hyphae they produce zoospores, which, after swimming about for a few minutes, lose their cilia and begin to produce new hyphae. If favorably located, the new hyphae find entrance to a leaf through its stomata and start the disease anew. The oogonia and antheridia resemble those of Saprolegnia, but are produced on short hyphae within the tissues of the host. The oospore has a heavy wall and is not liberated until the tissues of the
RMRHRN7X–. Bilder-Atlas des Pflanzenreichs nach dem natürlichen System. Bilder-Atlas; Pflanzenreich; Botanik; Natürliches System; Pflanzen; Naturgeschichte; Systematik; Nomenklatur; Lehrmittel. 3. SSafferptlj. Saprolegnia ferax. ?a8; 6. SÖ3et§ettftctubbtattb Tilletia Caries.. 7. ©ctreibexoft Puccink graminis. 8. atotet gtegertbctrt, 93ärenta^e Ciavaria Botrytis.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Willkomm, Moritz, 1821
RMRDPFX6–. My garden, its plan and culture together with a general description of its geology, botany, and natural history. Gardening. FUNGI. 369 Various fungi live upon animal bodies as well as upon vegetal. Of the various fungi which attack man, the Sarcina ventriculi (fig. 858) may be mentioned as an example. But one fungus, called Saprolegnia (fig. 859), is a great pest to us in the fish breeding season. It attacks the ova, and completely encrusts it, destroying the young trout inside. Some naturalists consider it to be an alga, others a fungus; it is very destructive to the ova of fish, and we fin
RMREE4BE–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 38.—Saprolegnia. Development of zoospores. A, Young zoosporangium whose peripheral protoplasm has a large number of nuclei; B, (section) uninucleate spore initials are formed in the peripheral layer by radial cleavage; C, D, spore initials contract, separate and round up. (After Davis, 1903.) Saprolegniaceae.—This family is mostly saprophytic, rarely parasitic on plant and animal substrates in water and soil. The mycelium is tubular, generally differentiated into slender, ramose, intramatrical hyphae and into thick, less-branched extramatrical hyp
RMRE1NA9–. College botany; structure, physiology and economics of plants. Botany. 276 COLLEGE BOTANY Albugo occurs on many plants; among the most conamon is A. Candida (Fig. 126), which attacks members of the Cruci- ferce. The mycelium lives intercellularly in the-host, drawing its nourishment by means of haustoria which penetrate the host cells. Whitish blisters appear under the epidermis of the host, which eventually breaks, liberating great numbers of conidia. These spores are borne in chains., are multinucleate and give rise. Fig. 125.—Saprolegnia. (a) Infested fly; (6) immature sporangium; (c) mat
RMRDWA64–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 258 BOTANY. ing the year 1878, and for a year or two previous to that date, large numbers of salmon and otlier kinds of fisli were destroyed by one of the common species, Saprolegnia ferax.* 342—Order Peronosporese. The plants of this order live parasitically in the interior of higher plants. They are composed of long branching tubes, whose cavities are con- tinuous throughout. They grow between the cells of their hosts, and draw nourishment from them by means of pecu-. U^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that
RMRE2MY9–. Elementary botany. Botany. 214 MORPHOLOGY. these views, might be presented here to show the general relationships of the fungi studied, with the addition of a few more in orders not represented above. It should be borne in mind that the author in presenting this view of classification does not necessarily commit himself to it. It is based on that presented in Engler & Prantl's Ptlanzenfamilien. There are three classes. I. Class Phycomycetes (Alga-like Fungi). 1. SUBCLASS OOMYCETES. 432. These arc the egg-spore fungi. They include the water mold (Saprolegnia), the downv mildew of the grap
RMRE0GA5–. Experimental morphology. Protoplasm; Growth. 340 EFFECT OF CHEMICAL AGENTS [Ch. XI The following were repellent: — alcohol .... 0.1 % potassium sulphate. 1 % ammonium sulphate, 1% sodium malate . 0.5-2% It will be observed that all the attracting substances are sugars. 4. Chemotropism of Hyphae. — While various authors had noticed an apparent movement of hyphee towards certain chemical agents or towards their hosts, the earliest systematic observations upon this subject are those of Woetmann ('87). He placed fly-legs and other nutritive substances in Saprolegnia cultures and noticed that the
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. VIl] PATHOLOGY OF FOSSIL TISSUES. 215 described by Etheridge^ from a Permo-Carboniferous coral. This observer records the occurrence of tubular cavities in the calices of Stenopora crinita Lonsd., and attributes their origin to a fungus which he names Palaeoperone endophytica; he mentions one case in which a tube contains fine spherical spore-like bodies which he compares with the spores of a Saprolegnia. As pointed out above (p. 128), it is almost impossible to decide how far these tubes in shells and corals should be attribu Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDBCKM/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-vil-pathology-of-fossil-tissues-215-described-by-etheridge-from-a-permo-carboniferous-coral-this-observer-records-the-occurrence-of-tubular-cavities-in-the-calices-of-stenopora-crinita-lonsd-and-attributes-their-origin-to-a-fungus-which-he-names-palaeoperone-endophytica-he-mentions-one-case-in-which-a-tube-contains-fine-spherical-spore-like-bodies-which-he-compares-with-the-spores-of-a-saprolegnia-as-pointed-out-above-p-128-it-is-almost-impossible-to-decide-how-far-these-tubes-in-shells-and-corals-should-be-attribu-RDBCKM.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. VIl] PATHOLOGY OF FOSSIL TISSUES. 215 described by Etheridge^ from a Permo-Carboniferous coral. This observer records the occurrence of tubular cavities in the calices of Stenopora crinita Lonsd., and attributes their origin to a fungus which he names Palaeoperone endophytica; he mentions one case in which a tube contains fine spherical spore-like bodies which he compares with the spores of a Saprolegnia. As pointed out above (p. 128), it is almost impossible to decide how far these tubes in shells and corals should be attribu Stock Photo")
RMRDBCKM–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. VIl] PATHOLOGY OF FOSSIL TISSUES. 215 described by Etheridge^ from a Permo-Carboniferous coral. This observer records the occurrence of tubular cavities in the calices of Stenopora crinita Lonsd., and attributes their origin to a fungus which he names Palaeoperone endophytica; he mentions one case in which a tube contains fine spherical spore-like bodies which he compares with the spores of a Saprolegnia. As pointed out above (p. 128), it is almost impossible to decide how far these tubes in shells and corals should be attribu
RMRDYH36–. An introduction to vegetable physiology. Plant physiology. EBPEODUCTION 419 only the Alga but the Fungi afford examples of the development of such cells, conspicuous among them being Saprolegnia and its allies (fig. 165). These free-swimming protoplasts are known as zoospores or zoogonidia. Each on coming to rest clothes itself with a cell-wall, and can develop into a plant exactly like the one from which it arose. These zoogonidia are developed by the protoplasm of a single cell dividing up into a variable but often large number of separate protoplasts, the process being known as. Fig. 166.
RMRPXP5C–. Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological. Botany. OOSPORES. 273 swarming about (Fig. 178, £). It also sometimes occurs that the gonidia clothe them- selves with a delicate cell-wall while still within the mother-cell, forming a kind of parenchyma, and then escape from the mother-cell through numerous holes in its wall. These various modes of formation of the gonidia, by means of which species and even genera have hitherto been distinguished, can, as Pringsheim has shown, take place simultaneously on the same plant, as in Saprolegnia and Achlya, In Saprolegma, when the gonidia hav
RMRDKC63–. A guide to the study of fishes. Fishes; Zoology; Fishes. 76 Salmonids tooth mountains of Idaho, and their extreme limit is not known. This is a distance of nearly a thousand miles. In the Yukon a few ascend to Caribou Crossing and Lake Bennett, 2250 miles. At these great distances, when the fish have reached the spawn- ing groimds, besides the usual changes of the breeding season their bodies are covered with bruises, on which patches of white fimgus (Saprolegnia) develop. The fins become mutilated, their eyes are often injured or destroyed, parasitic worms gather in their gills, they become
RMRE0P98–. Elementary botany. Botany. 124 MOKPHOLOG V. ordinary threads of the mycelium. Some of the threads should be mounted in fresh water. Search for some of those which. Fig- 134- Sporangia of saprolegnia, one showing the escape of the zoogo- nidia. show that the protoplasm is divided up into a great number of small areas, as shown in fig. 134. With the low power we should watch some of the older ap- pearing ones, and if after a few minutes they do not open, other preparations should be made. 282. Zoogonidia of saprolegnia.—The sporangium opens at Fig- 135- Branch of saprolegnia showing oogonia wi
![. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 16.—Pscudolpidium Saprolegniae. a, swollen host hyphae with 3 sporangia; b, hypnospore. (X 320; after A. Fischer, 1882.) The empty male cell membranes remain connected to the zygote as " appendiculate cells." The further fate of the nuclei is unknown. The endospore becomes brown and thickened while the echinulate exposore remains hyaline. They germinate by zoospores which discharge through an emission collar (Barrett, 1912). Pseudolpidium Saprolegniae, also parasitic on Saprolegnia, in structure and habit resembles Olpidiopsis but differ Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/REF9RD/comparative-morphology-of-fungi-fungi-fig-16pscudolpidium-saprolegniae-a-swollen-host-hyphae-with-3-sporangia-b-hypnospore-x-320-after-a-fischer-1882-the-empty-male-cell-membranes-remain-connected-to-the-zygote-as-quot-appendiculate-cellsquot-the-further-fate-of-the-nuclei-is-unknown-the-endospore-becomes-brown-and-thickened-while-the-echinulate-exposore-remains-hyaline-they-germinate-by-zoospores-which-discharge-through-an-emission-collar-barrett-1912-pseudolpidium-saprolegniae-also-parasitic-on-saprolegnia-in-structure-and-habit-resembles-olpidiopsis-but-differ-REF9RD.jpg ". Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 16.—Pscudolpidium Saprolegniae. a, swollen host hyphae with 3 sporangia; b, hypnospore. (X 320; after A. Fischer, 1882.) The empty male cell membranes remain connected to the zygote as " appendiculate cells." The further fate of the nuclei is unknown. The endospore becomes brown and thickened while the echinulate exposore remains hyaline. They germinate by zoospores which discharge through an emission collar (Barrett, 1912). Pseudolpidium Saprolegniae, also parasitic on Saprolegnia, in structure and habit resembles Olpidiopsis but differ Stock Photo")
RMREF9RD–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. Fig. 16.—Pscudolpidium Saprolegniae. a, swollen host hyphae with 3 sporangia; b, hypnospore. (X 320; after A. Fischer, 1882.) The empty male cell membranes remain connected to the zygote as " appendiculate cells." The further fate of the nuclei is unknown. The endospore becomes brown and thickened while the echinulate exposore remains hyaline. They germinate by zoospores which discharge through an emission collar (Barrett, 1912). Pseudolpidium Saprolegniae, also parasitic on Saprolegnia, in structure and habit resembles Olpidiopsis but differ
RMREF9N4–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. ,.„FlG- 20-—Rhizidiomyces apophysatus. 1. Oogonium of Saprolegnia with sporangia in different stages of development. 2. Beginning germination. 3. Beginning differentiation of zoospores. ( X 360; after Zopf, 1885.) rounds itself with a firm membrane and becomes a hypnospore, whose method of germination is unknown. The Entophlycteae continue the tendency of the Rhizophideae, first formulated by Atkinson (1909a), to penetrate deeper into the host cell. In Diplophlyctis intestina, a hemiparasite on Nitella, the zoospores, after. Please note that these imag
![. Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation; a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. Aquariums; Goldfish. AILMENTS AND DISEASES. o Fungus on Spawn. The spawn of fishes is attacked by a fungus which manifests itself by short hairliice growths on the surface. Fig. 75. It is usually one of the species of the Saproleg- niacese, Saprolegnia ferax or Dictyuchus polyspo- ''""'''â ' rus-, the spores of which are present in all natu- ral waters,and are more fully described hereafter. Treatment. There is little to be done for thi Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDXYJH/goldfish-breeds-and-other-aquarium-fishes-their-care-and-propagation-a-guide-to-freshwater-and-marine-aquaria-their-fauna-flora-and-management-aquariums-goldfish-ailments-and-diseases-o-fungus-on-spawn-the-spawn-of-fishes-is-attacked-by-a-fungus-which-manifests-itself-by-short-hairliice-growths-on-the-surface-fig-75-it-is-usually-one-of-the-species-of-the-saproleg-niacese-saprolegnia-ferax-or-dictyuchus-polyspo-quotquot-rus-the-spores-of-which-are-present-in-all-natu-ral-watersand-are-more-fully-described-hereafter-treatment-there-is-little-to-be-done-for-thi-RDXYJH.jpg ". Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation; a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. Aquariums; Goldfish. AILMENTS AND DISEASES. o Fungus on Spawn. The spawn of fishes is attacked by a fungus which manifests itself by short hairliice growths on the surface. Fig. 75. It is usually one of the species of the Saproleg- niacese, Saprolegnia ferax or Dictyuchus polyspo- ''""'''â ' rus-, the spores of which are present in all natu- ral waters,and are more fully described hereafter. Treatment. There is little to be done for thi Stock Photo")
RMRDXYJH–. Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation; a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. Aquariums; Goldfish. AILMENTS AND DISEASES. o Fungus on Spawn. The spawn of fishes is attacked by a fungus which manifests itself by short hairliice growths on the surface. Fig. 75. It is usually one of the species of the Saproleg- niacese, Saprolegnia ferax or Dictyuchus polyspo- ''""'''â ' rus-, the spores of which are present in all natu- ral waters,and are more fully described hereafter. Treatment. There is little to be done for thi
RMRD9MXA–. Einführung in die Biologie. Biology. Zweites Kapitel. Bau und Leben der Lagerpflanzen. Spaltalgen und Spaltpilze. Geißelalgen: Euglena. Grünalgen: Mesocarpus (Frucht- sporen); Oedogonium (Schwärmsporen, Samensäcke und Eisäcke, geschlechtliche und ungeschlechtliche Fortpflanzung); Vaucheria; Cladophora (Scheitelzelle). Rotalgen: Batrachospermum. Braunalgen: Fucus. Algenpilze: Saprolegnia, Mucor. Schlauch- pilze: Penicillium, Eryslphe, Morchella. Ständerpilze: Rost- und Hutpilze. Ziemlich abseits von den übrigen Gewächsen stehen die Spalt- pflanzen (Schizophyten), so genannt, weil sie sich nur
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