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Showing leaf plants Black & White Stock Photos
RF2M3N0M1–Photograph, showing waters in a truly wild woodland setting, the image a limited colour abstract with a near impressionism style, containing wild plan
RFT60HER–An image showing the plants and flowers of Lietzia Brasiliensis, they are leaf and stem-haired, vintage line drawing or engraving illustration.
RFT5T00M–A picture showing the section through the thickness of a Florida Star-Anise leaf, vintage line drawing or engraving illustration.
RM2AX1YX2–The elements of botany for beginners and for schools . Fig. 509. A young prothallus of a Maiden-hair, moderately enlarged, and anolder one with the first fern-leaf developed from near the notch. 510. Middle por-tion of the young one, much magnified, showing below, partly among the rootlets,the antheridia or fertilizing organs, and above, near the notch, three piatiUidia,to be fertilized. 160 CRYPTOGAMOUS OR FLOWERLESS PLANTS. [SECTION 17. closely resembles a small Liverwort. This is named a PEOTHAliUS (Tig.509): from some point of this a bud appears to originate, which producesthe first fern-l
RFT5YP8X–A picture showing the extended section through the thickness of a Florida Star-Anise leaf, vintage line drawing or engraving illustration.
RMPG1Y05–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 150 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS filled with accumulated food substances which serve to supply the developing female gametophyte with food, as the latter does not contain chlorophyll. The gam- etophyte, as in Selaginella, is almost entirely included within the large macrospore, and the formation of the. Fig. 39 (Heterosporoas Ferns). — A, sporophyte of Isoetes echinospora; B, a single leaf showing the enlarged base bearing a single macrosporan- gium, ma; the mlcrosporangia are much the same; C, a germinated microspore with the contained gametophyte
RM2AX2074–The elements of botany for beginners and for schools . Fig. 509. A young prothallus of a Maiden-hair, moderately enlarged, and anolder one with the first fern-leaf developed from near the notch. 510. Middle por-tion of the young one, much magnified, showing below, partly among the rootlets,the antheridia or fertilizing organs, and above, near the notch, three piatiUidia,to be fertilized. 160 CRYPTOGAMOUS OR FLOWERLESS PLANTS. [SECTION 17. closely resembles a small Liverwort. This is named a PEOTHAliUS (Tig.509): from some point of this a bud appears to originate, which producesthe first fern-l
RFT5YRRR–The picture, that's showing stem and leaf parts of Prince's- Feather plant. The stem grows in middle of leaf, vintage line drawing or engraving illust
RMPG2EA8–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 81. Ampelopsis tricuspidata. Showing a yoimg leaf and the disks on the tendrils by which the plant is attached to walls. seijaniseidlia, Bunge. Roots tuberous : lvs. 3-5-parted or digitate, chartaeeous, shining and dark green above, the divisions pinnate, with winged rachis, the pinnse separate from the wings :
RM2AFRNPT–. Lessons with plants. Suggestions for seeing and interpreting some of the common forms of vegetation. Pia. 59.Inflexed vernation of tulip tree. Fig. 58. Leaf of bluepalmetto, un-foldine, 60 ZESSONS WITS PLANTS the individual parts of the leaf (or leaflets) arerecurved. (The pupil will also observe the leaf- like bud-scales,and the leaf-scars.) It is notnecessary, there-fore, that the-parts of a leafbe folded in thesame manner asthe entire leaf is.62. A fern shootis represented inFig. 61. A sideview of the un-rolling or uncoil-ing tip is shownat a, and a front view—showing some of theparts exp
RFT5TG74–This pictures showing a rorippa leaves. The leaves are up to 30 centimeters long and have toothed to deeply lobed edges, vintage line drawing or engra
RMPG1Y5T–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 62 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS th^ cell, and the cells have long been favorite subjects for demonstrating this phenomenon. The original nucleus of these elongated cells becomes early divided into many, but these secondary nuclei are not formed. Via, 14.—A, a plant of Chara, one of the Characese, showing the division of the stem into nodes and internodes, and the method of branching; B, part of a leaf with an antheridium an, and oogonium, og; I, leaflets^ at the node of the leaf; C, a group of filaments from the interior of the antheridium; each ce
RFT5R5BT–A picture, that's showing of Bindweed and Dodder vein. Funnel shaped flower and heart shaped leaves attach to branch and plant stems generally winding
RFT600XG–A picture showing the different parts of Slow Match Tree. The parts include one of the bundles of stamens, a perpendicular section of the ovary and se
RM2AKB381–Southern field crops (exclusive of forage plants) . Fig. 189. — A Branch of a Vineless Sweet-potato Plant.Showing crowded position of leaf-stems. (After Price.) and flavor, which may be either sirupy, mealy, or intermediate.Each of these subdiWsions maj be further subdiWded into threegroups, according to whether the uncooked flesh is ^-ellow, white. Fig. 190. — Three Sh.ipes of .Sweet-potato Le.wes. On left, cut-leaf type ; in center, shouldered leaf; and on right, entireor round leaf.2f 434 SOUTHERN FIELD CROPS or mottled white and yellow. Each of these last subdivisionscan be still further s
RMPG00AY–. Lessons in botany. Botany. LEGUMINOSM. 269 How does seed distribution come about in such plants as the strawberry? How are strawberry plants usually propagated ? Materials.—Entire plants with runners : flowers ; fruit. Exercise 77. 431. The apple (Pyras malus). Leaves.—Determine the arrangement of the leaves on the shoot; sketch a leaf. The inflorescence.—Determine the kind of inflorescence. The flower.—Study several flowers to compare the variation in the number of the parts or members of the flower. What parts of the flower are present ? Make a long section of the flower and sketch showing
RFT60HP7–A picture showing a branch of Pyrus Japonica which is a tree produces dark red flowers and fragrant green leaves. The leaves are oval and serrated and
RM2AKFW11–Southern field crops (exclusive of forage plants) . Fiu. 12. — Part of a Youni;Wheat Plant. Showing clasps liordcred withhairs. Young plants of the four small grains, therefore, may be dis-tinguished by the following leaf characters, as well as by others : — Oats have no aurir-les or clasps (Fig. 1). Rye has very small auricles (Fig. 23). Barley leaves are proided wiih large auricles (Fig. 28). Wheat has auricles intermediate in size between those of ryeand barley, and on the outer margin of each auricle on Americanwheats are a few hairs (Fig. 12). 38. Pollination. — Although wanting in showA
RMPG169T–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. POROXYLEAE 511 was worked out in the most elaborate detail by the French investigators, owing to whose labours this genus became one of the most completely known, so far as the vegetative organs are concerned, among fossil plants. An English species, of older date than the French. Fig, 184.—Poroxylon Sutctijfii. Transverse section of srem, showing the huge pith, the ring of wood and phloem, and the cortex, with leaf-bases attached, into which the leaf-traces are entering. Two axillary buds are shown ; the one to the right is accompanied by the subtendi
RM2AKCDTK–Southern field crops (exclusive of forage plants) . Fig. 122. — , Furn-ixu Branth,Showing that the buU-stenis arc Iiorno clirretl on the branch. called sterile limbs; this is because no lioll-stem or boll isborne directly on these vegetative limlis, though boll-stems,with attached Ijolls, spring from the subdivisions of thesemain branches. In general, a primary branch supports numerous leaves,and, on its sul)-l.)ranches, some bolls; while a fruitinglimb usually bears several bolls and but few leaves. Normally, two branches arise from the axil of a leaf onthe main stem (Fig. 123). One of thes
RMPG4EH8–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 308 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS The wilting of the fohage and the blackening of the bun- dles are distinctively characteristic' A soil bearing diseased plants one season is subject to the malady in succeechng years and must be abandoned for tomato culture. The disease is spread from plant to plant largely by the potato bug (Colorado beetle) and other. Fig. 134. — Tomato field showing effect of wilt (bacillose). Original. insects. For this reason all leaf-infecting insects should be given special attention. Otherwise this disease in symp- toms, ca
RM2AKCEB7–Southern field crops (exclusive of forage plants) . Fig. 121. — A Vegetative BEAXfTi FROM NEAH THE BaSE Of A CoTTOX Plant. Showing that the boll-stems are notborne directly on the vegetati^-e branch.but on .secondarj^ branches springingfrom it. the plant. Between clu.ster cotton and wide-spreading,long-limb kinds there are all gradations in length ofbranches. Each branch arises from the main stem in the angle be- 250 SOUTHEEN FIELD CHOPS tween a leaf and the main stem. Usually this leaf on themain stem falls before the branch attains much size, Ijutits position is shown lv the leaf-scar. The
RMPG19HF–. A biochemic basis for the study of problems of taxonomy, heredity, evolution, etc., with especial reference to the starches and tissues of parent-stocks and hybrid-stocks and the starches and hemoglobins of varieties, species, and genera. Starch; Biochemistry; Plant hybridization; Plants. 198. 196. Miltonia vexillaria. Transverse section of leaf at equal distances from apex and base, showing elongated keel, elongated cells below upper epidermis, large oval bundle. 197. Miltonia roezlii. The same, showing much shorter keel, more acute angle at midrib, less elongated cells below the upper epid
RMRDTFTE–. The useful plants of the island of Guam; with an introductory account of the physical features and natural history of the island, of the character and history of its people, and of their agriculture. Guam; Botany; Botany, Economic; Tropical plants. Plate XXXVI.. Thl Fertile Breadfruit â Artocarpus communis'. Showing Male and Female Inflorescences. Immature Fruit, and Leaf Bract. Slightly Reduced.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resem
![. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 552 THE PATHOGENIC ALGAE. Mycoidaceae. Cephaleuros Mycoidea, Karsten^ {Mycoidea parasitica. Cunning.).^ This alga is epiphytic on the leaves of most trees and shrubs in the tropics. It varies considerably in its appear-. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally for Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG3PW1/diseases-of-plants-induced-by-cryptogamic-parasites-introduction-to-the-study-of-pathogenic-fungi-slime-fungi-bacteria-amp-algae-plant-diseases-parasitic-plants-fungi-552-the-pathogenic-algae-mycoidaceae-cephaleuros-mycoidea-karsten-mycoidea-parasitica-cunning-this-alga-is-epiphytic-on-the-leaves-of-most-trees-and-shrubs-in-the-tropics-it-varies-considerably-in-its-appear-quotgtampgt-fig-328cephaleuros-mycoidea-section-through-the-epidermis-of-a-leaf-of-catntllia-showing-the-thallus-like-disc-with-haustoria-after-gxinningiiani-ance-but-generally-for-PG3PW1.jpg ". Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 552 THE PATHOGENIC ALGAE. Mycoidaceae. Cephaleuros Mycoidea, Karsten^ {Mycoidea parasitica. Cunning.).^ This alga is epiphytic on the leaves of most trees and shrubs in the tropics. It varies considerably in its appear-. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally for Stock Photo")
RMPG3PW1–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 552 THE PATHOGENIC ALGAE. Mycoidaceae. Cephaleuros Mycoidea, Karsten^ {Mycoidea parasitica. Cunning.).^ This alga is epiphytic on the leaves of most trees and shrubs in the tropics. It varies considerably in its appear-. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally for
RMRDX43J–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 62 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS the cell, and the cells have long been favorite subjects for demonstrating this phenomenon. The original nucleus of these elongated cells becomes early divided into many, but these secondary nuclei are not formed. Fig. 14. — A, a plant oi Chara, one of the Characeae, showing ths division of the stem into nodes and Internodes, and the method of branching; B, part of a leaf with an antheridium an, and oogonium, 0(/; I, leaflets at the node of the leaf; C, a group of filaments from the interior of the antheridium; each
RMPG4ENN–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 218 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS promising resistant variety has been reported by Blinn.* Spraying as recommended for cucurbs is effective. Downy mildew (Peronospora cubensis B. & C). — This disease is described under cucumber. It is widespread and constitutes one of the most serious cantaloupe diseases.. Fig. 99. — Cantaloupe showing complete death of vines attacked by leaf blight. After Blinn. Wilt, fusariose (Fusarium vasinfedum Atk. var. nivea E. F. Smith).— Under watermelon this wilt is sufficiently discussed. It is not nearly so frequent
RMRDW83A–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 24V Base of leaf of isoetes, showing sporangium with macrospores. (Isoetes en- gelmannii.). Fig. 250. Section of plant of Isoetes engelmanii, showing cup- shaped stem, and longitudinal sections of the sporan- gia in the thickened bases of the leaves. ure from the other portions of the leaf. This is a sporangiuvi. Beside the spores on the inside of the sporangium, there are strands of sterile tissue which extend across the cavity. This is peculiar to isoetes of all the members of the class of plants to which the ferns belong, but it will be remembered that ster
RMPG012A–. Lessons in botany. Botany. HOW PLANTS OBTAIN FOOD. 89 ing nutriment maybe demonstrated by making sections through both parasite and host at a point where the haustoria enter the stem. These should then be mounted for examination with the microscope. Fig. 64. Several teleutospores, showing the variations in form. 161. Carnivorous plants, or insectivorous plants.—Examples of these are the well-known Venus fly-trap (Dionaea muscipula) and the sundew (Drosera rotundifolia). These are illustrated in figures 67 and 68. The lamina of the leaf of the Venus. Fig. 65. Cells from the stem of a rusted c
RMRDWP9K–. An introduction to the structure and reproduction of plants. Plant anatomy; Plants. 304 EMBRYOLOGY prothallus. But, as soon as the root has become established in the soil, and the first leaf has spread out its lamina to the light, this dependence ceases, and soon after that the prothallus withers away (cf. Fig. 169, C). As compared with Bryophj'ta, the rela- tive importance of the two phases in the hfe-history is therefore reversed. The freediving sporophyte usually attains large dimen-. Fig. 169.—Embryology of the Fern. A, Longitudinal section through an archegonium, showing the octant-stag
RMPG4EWP–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 156 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS high-bush blackberry. It is most abundant on the Lucretias, but is also a serious pest on the Rathbone. The disease makes its appearance in the spring, just as. Fia. 07. — The Dewberry double blossom showing witches' broom of the vino. After Cook. the leaf buds are opening, although it can be detected previous to that time by the enlargement of the diseased buds. Instead of the normal shoots and leaves a witches' broom is produced ; the entire bud being involved or only a part, according to the attack. When the flo
![. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. 40 PLANT RELATIONS. air chambers extends throughout the spongy niesophyll. It is into this system of air chambers that the stomata open, and sn they are put into direct communication with the niesophyll or working cells. The peculiar arrangement of the upper niesophyll, to form the palisade tissue, has to do with the fact that that surface of the leaf is exposed to the direct rays of light. This light, so necessary to the mesophyll, is also dangerous for at least two reasons. If. St St Pig. 30. A sictidi] through the leaf of lilj', showing upper epiderm Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDWCA9/plants-a-text-book-of-botany-botany-40-plant-relations-air-chambers-extends-throughout-the-spongy-niesophyll-it-is-into-this-system-of-air-chambers-that-the-stomata-open-and-sn-they-are-put-into-direct-communication-with-the-niesophyll-or-working-cells-the-peculiar-arrangement-of-the-upper-niesophyll-to-form-the-palisade-tissue-has-to-do-with-the-fact-that-that-surface-of-the-leaf-is-exposed-to-the-direct-rays-of-light-this-light-so-necessary-to-the-mesophyll-is-also-dangerous-for-at-least-two-reasons-if-st-st-pig-30-a-sictidi-through-the-leaf-of-lilj-showing-upper-epiderm-RDWCA9.jpg ". Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. 40 PLANT RELATIONS. air chambers extends throughout the spongy niesophyll. It is into this system of air chambers that the stomata open, and sn they are put into direct communication with the niesophyll or working cells. The peculiar arrangement of the upper niesophyll, to form the palisade tissue, has to do with the fact that that surface of the leaf is exposed to the direct rays of light. This light, so necessary to the mesophyll, is also dangerous for at least two reasons. If. St St Pig. 30. A sictidi] through the leaf of lilj', showing upper epiderm Stock Photo")
RMRDWCA9–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. 40 PLANT RELATIONS. air chambers extends throughout the spongy niesophyll. It is into this system of air chambers that the stomata open, and sn they are put into direct communication with the niesophyll or working cells. The peculiar arrangement of the upper niesophyll, to form the palisade tissue, has to do with the fact that that surface of the leaf is exposed to the direct rays of light. This light, so necessary to the mesophyll, is also dangerous for at least two reasons. If. St St Pig. 30. A sictidi] through the leaf of lilj', showing upper epiderm
RMPG4260–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 382. — A portion of a leaf of the Interrupted Fern {Osmunda Claytonia), showing a pair of vegetative leaflets above and below and between them two pairs of spore-bearing leaflets.. Fig. 383. — The Sensitive Fern (Onoclea sensibilis), showing a vegetative frond at the left and a spore-bear- ing frond at the right. of considerable significance because it is characteristic of Seed Plants. Gametophyte. — When the spores are shed and fall in moist places, the protoplasm breaks the spore wall and begins the de- velopment which results in the producti
RMRDBW03–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 81. Ampelopsis tricuspidata. Showing a yoimg leaf and the disks on the tendrils by which the plant is attached to walls. seijaniseidlia, Bunge. Roots tuberous : lvs. 3-5-parted or digitate, chartaeeous, shining and dark green above, the divisions pinnate, with winged rachis, the pinnse separate from the wings :
RMPG2E11–. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants ; with a flora of the United States and Canada . Botany; Botany; Botany. 146 VEaETATION.. 601, Minnto portion of a leaf of Viola tricolor, viewed in [jerspective, showing, a, cells of epidermis above ; &, compact parenchyma of the upper portion of the leaf; c, loose parenchyma; d, epidermal-cells of the lOM'cr surface with stornata, one cut and opening; into the intercellular passages. (Magnified 100 diameters.) 735. The steuctuke op beaotb, sepals, petals, and other organs, which are but mod
RMRDTRTW–. The principles of botany, as exemplified in the phanerogamia. Botany; Botany; Phanerogams; 1854. 194 COMPOUND ORGANS OF PLANTS. Fig. 91.. Fig. 91. Fruit of strawberry, (Fragaria veaca,) showing the carpels or achenia on the surface of its enlarged and fleshy receptacle. Each achenium has a style and stigma, and is thus at once distingui^^hed from a seed. The calyx is seen at the base of the receptacle. cellulo-vascular bed of fibres and parenchyma. The exterior membrane of the pericarp is called the epicarp, (irti upon, jtaprtof fruit,) and corresponds to the lower epidermis of the leaf. Thi
![. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 446 SPERMATOPHYTES (SEED PLANTS) Cycads Of the Gymnosperms now in existence, the Cycads bear most resemblance to the Ferns. In leaf and stem characters, some of them could easily be mistaken for Ferns {Fig. 396). There are nearly one hundred species of Cycads. They are tropical plants but are grown nearly everywhere in greenhouses. One of the. Fig. 396. — A Cycad, showing the finely divided leaves and the short thick trunk with its rough covering of leaf bases. After J. M. Coulter. forms {Cycas revoluta) common in cultivation is often labeled " Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG49WK/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-446-spermatophytes-seed-plants-cycads-of-the-gymnosperms-now-in-existence-the-cycads-bear-most-resemblance-to-the-ferns-in-leaf-and-stem-characters-some-of-them-could-easily-be-mistaken-for-ferns-fig-396-there-are-nearly-one-hundred-species-of-cycads-they-are-tropical-plants-but-are-grown-nearly-everywhere-in-greenhouses-one-of-the-fig-396-a-cycad-showing-the-finely-divided-leaves-and-the-short-thick-trunk-with-its-rough-covering-of-leaf-bases-after-j-m-coulter-forms-cycas-revoluta-common-in-cultivation-is-often-labeled-quot-PG49WK.jpg ". Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 446 SPERMATOPHYTES (SEED PLANTS) Cycads Of the Gymnosperms now in existence, the Cycads bear most resemblance to the Ferns. In leaf and stem characters, some of them could easily be mistaken for Ferns {Fig. 396). There are nearly one hundred species of Cycads. They are tropical plants but are grown nearly everywhere in greenhouses. One of the. Fig. 396. — A Cycad, showing the finely divided leaves and the short thick trunk with its rough covering of leaf bases. After J. M. Coulter. forms {Cycas revoluta) common in cultivation is often labeled " Stock Photo")
RMPG49WK–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 446 SPERMATOPHYTES (SEED PLANTS) Cycads Of the Gymnosperms now in existence, the Cycads bear most resemblance to the Ferns. In leaf and stem characters, some of them could easily be mistaken for Ferns {Fig. 396). There are nearly one hundred species of Cycads. They are tropical plants but are grown nearly everywhere in greenhouses. One of the. Fig. 396. — A Cycad, showing the finely divided leaves and the short thick trunk with its rough covering of leaf bases. After J. M. Coulter. forms {Cycas revoluta) common in cultivation is often labeled "
RMRDTFT2–. The useful plants of the island of Guam; with an introductory account of the physical features and natural history of the island, of the character and history of its people, and of their agriculture. Guam; Botany; Botany, Economic; Tropical plants. Plate XLII.. CEIBA FENTANDR-i. THE KaPOK TREE. LEAF AND OPENED POD. SHOWING Cotton-like Floss. Natural Size.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Safford, William E
RMPFYF13–. A text-book of botany for secondary schools. Botany. CHAPTER V GERMINATION OF SEEDS 42. Introductory.—In the preceding chapters the struc- ture and the work of the three great nutritive organs (leaf, stem, and root) of the higher plants were considered. In studying the germination of seeds, these organs may be observed assuming their various positions and relations, and the student may be introduced to certain important facts.. Fig. 81.—Section of bean; renroving one cotyledon, and showing the testa, the remaining cotyledon, the hypocotyl (its tip in position to emerge), and the plumule. Pe
RMRDWBHP–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. 140 PLANT RELATIONS. if necessary, the parts of the leaf or the stem itself twisting to allow the blade to assume this position. The danger of the leaves shading one another is reduced to a minimum by the elongation of internodes, the spiral arrangement, short- ening and changing direction upwards, or lobing. This outlines the general nutritive relations, the roots. Fig. 143rt. Germination of the garden bean, showing the arch of the seedling stem above ground, its pull on the seed to extricate the cotyledons and plumule, and the final straightening of t
RMPG00N3–. Lessons in botany. Botany. Fig. 156. Base of leaf of isoetes, showing sporangium with macrospores. (Isoetes en- gelmannii). Fig- 157- Section of plant of Isoetes engelmanii, showing cup-shaped stem, and longitudinal sections of the sporangia in the thickened bases of the leaves. it is not uncommon to find both kinds in the same sporangium. When a sporangium bears only microspores the number is much greater than when one bears only macrospores. For a discussion of the club mosses (lycopodium and selagi- nella) and for a comparison of the ferns and fern-like plants, see the author's larger &qu
RMRE0X1P–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. 829- Section of a compositous head. Showing the common toriis at e. If they develop independently until their growth ceases, the sepals or petals are distinct, each one being sepa- rately attached to the torus. On the other hand, after the leaf rudiments have grown independently for a time, a zone of the torus,
RMPG161D–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. Fio. 190. Lepidodendron stem with Lepidostrohi. (After Hooker.) A. Side-view showing leaf-cushions on the left-hand side and the KnoiYia condition on the right. B. View of transverse section ; s, sections of Lepidostrohi. The fact that Lepidostrohi usually occur as isolated speci- mens renders it impossible in most cases to refer them to particular species of Lepidodendron. Neither external features nor anatomical characters afford satisfactory criteria by which to correlate vegetative and fertile shoots; in some measure this
RMRDG4B1–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 150 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS filled with accumulated food substances which serve to supply the developing female gametophyte with food, as the latter does not contain chlorophyll. The gam- etophyte, as in Selaginella, is almost entirely included within the large macrospore, and the formation of the. Fig. 39 (Heterosporoas Ferns). — A, sporophyte of Isoetes echinospora; B, a single leaf showing the enlarged base bearing a single macrosporan- gium, ma; the mlcrosporangia are much the same; C, a germinated microspore with the contained gametophyte
RMPG42DW–. Elements of botany. Botany; Botany. LEAF EXPOSURE TO SUN AND AIR. 101 plants that they tend to seek the light. The whole plant usually bends toward the quarter from which the strongest light comesy and the petioles bend with it. Such movements may produce very perceptible changes in the course of a few hours. If the position of the plant is shifted after the mature portions have taken a permanent bend, the youngest. Fig. 87. — Shoots of Dwarf Tropaeolum, showing bending of young shoots toward sunlight. The older portions of the shoots have hent to the left, away from the light (as climbing p
RMRE37EH–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. 36 THE VEGETATIVE FUNCTIONS OF PLANTS converge at the base of the blade (Fig. 22). They may be traced from this point, through the petiole, into the branch. The veins are composed of fibers and vessels,. Fig. 28.—Horse-chestnut {Aesculus Hippocastanum). Is, leaf-scar, showing scars of seven fibro-vascular bundles, corresponding, in number, to the seven leaflets of the compound leaf, formerly attached at Is. The leaf is drawn to a smaller scale than the branch. closely associated, and are, therefore, calltA fihro-vascular bundles. A cross-section of the petiole
![. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 686 ECOLOGY. arrangement of the" xylem " and " phloem," as in a triarch root. In the Polytri- qhaceae the leaf and stem bundles join, though they are not connected in most mosses. The bundle of Polyirichum certainly is more complex in structure than that of the simpler seed plants. The " vascular bundles " of algae and mosses doubtless have no genetic connection with the vascular bundles of higher plants, but they are of great interest as showing possible early steps in the differentiation of con- du Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG3FTJ/a-textbook-of-botany-for-colleges-and-universities-botany-686-ecology-arrangement-of-thequot-xylem-quot-and-quot-phloemquot-as-in-a-triarch-root-in-the-polytri-qhaceae-the-leaf-and-stem-bundles-join-though-they-are-not-connected-in-most-mosses-the-bundle-of-polyirichum-certainly-is-more-complex-in-structure-than-that-of-the-simpler-seed-plants-the-quot-vascular-bundles-quot-of-algae-and-mosses-doubtless-have-no-genetic-connection-with-the-vascular-bundles-of-higher-plants-but-they-are-of-great-interest-as-showing-possible-early-steps-in-the-differentiation-of-con-du-PG3FTJ.jpg ". A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 686 ECOLOGY. arrangement of the" xylem " and " phloem," as in a triarch root. In the Polytri- qhaceae the leaf and stem bundles join, though they are not connected in most mosses. The bundle of Polyirichum certainly is more complex in structure than that of the simpler seed plants. The " vascular bundles " of algae and mosses doubtless have no genetic connection with the vascular bundles of higher plants, but they are of great interest as showing possible early steps in the differentiation of con- du Stock Photo")
RMPG3FTJ–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 686 ECOLOGY. arrangement of the" xylem " and " phloem," as in a triarch root. In the Polytri- qhaceae the leaf and stem bundles join, though they are not connected in most mosses. The bundle of Polyirichum certainly is more complex in structure than that of the simpler seed plants. The " vascular bundles " of algae and mosses doubtless have no genetic connection with the vascular bundles of higher plants, but they are of great interest as showing possible early steps in the differentiation of con- du
RMRE1N9Y–. College botany; structure, physiology and economics of plants. Botany. Fig. 126.—Albugo Candida showing the formation of the conidia spores just below the epider- mis of the host plant and also the antheridium and archegonium. swim for a few minutes m the moisture on the surface of the leaf, come to rest, lose their cilia and produce new hyphse which penetrate the leaf through the stomata. The oogonia and anthe- ridia are very similar to those of the Albugo. The late blight of the potato is in reality a mildew and is caused by a fungus (Phytophthora infestans). It is very similar to the grap
RMPG4B15–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. POWDERY MILDEWS (PERISPORIALES) 373 tree is killed. The deeply buried mycelium is not reached by sprays, and the total destruction of the infected trees is the only available method of checking the disease. Powdery Mildews (Perisporiales). — This group includes many Fungi, but they arc all very similar in their habits. The mycelium commonly occurs on the surface of leaves, but some- times on the stems and fruits of the higher plants. The myce-. FiG. 324. — Powdery Mildew of the Hop. Below, diagrammatic draw- ing of a section of a Hop leaf, showing t
RMRDBC4N–. Studies in fossil botany . Paleobotany. POROXYLEAE 511 was worked out in the most elaborate detail by the French investigators, owing to whose labours this genus became one of the most completely known, so far as the vegetative organs are concerned, among fossil plants. An English species, of older date than the French. Fig, 184.—Poroxylon Sutctijfii. Transverse section of srem, showing the huge pith, the ring of wood and phloem, and the cortex, with leaf-bases attached, into which the leaf-traces are entering. Two axillary buds are shown ; the one to the right is accompanied by the subtendi
RMPG4EEX–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. Fig. 156.—Basal portion of rye plant showing anthrac- nose upon stem and leaf sheath. After Manns.. FlQ. 157. — Normal rye kernels and shriveled ones due to antliracnoae. After Manns.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stevens, Frank Lincoln, 1871-1934; Hall, John Galentine, 1870-. New York : Macmillan
RMRDD9HE–. Lessons in botany. Botany. LEGUMINOSM. 269 How does seed distribution come about in such plants as the strawberry? How are strawberry plants usually propagated ? Materials.—Entire plants with runners : flowers ; fruit. Exercise 77. 431. The apple (Pyras malus). Leaves.—Determine the arrangement of the leaves on the shoot; sketch a leaf. The inflorescence.—Determine the kind of inflorescence. The flower.—Study several flowers to compare the variation in the number of the parts or members of the flower. What parts of the flower are present ? Make a long section of the flower and sketch showing
RMPG012Y–. Lessons in botany. Botany. HOW PLANTS GET THEIR CARBON FOOD. 75 of the leaf, while the white part of the leaf is still uncolored. This is well shown in fig. 59, which is from a photograph of another coleus leaf treated with the iodine solution. 138. Green parts of plants form starch when exposed to light.—Thus we find that in the case of all the green plants we. Fig. 58. Leaf of coleus showing green and white areas, before treatment with iodine. Fig. 59. Similar leaf treated with iodine, the starch re- action only showing where the leaf was green. have examined, starch is present in the gree
RMRDH9M1–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 62 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS th^ cell, and the cells have long been favorite subjects for demonstrating this phenomenon. The original nucleus of these elongated cells becomes early divided into many, but these secondary nuclei are not formed. Via, 14.—A, a plant of Chara, one of the Characese, showing the division of the stem into nodes and internodes, and the method of branching; B, part of a leaf with an antheridium an, and oogonium, og; I, leaflets^ at the node of the leaf; C, a group of filaments from the interior of the antheridium; each ce
RMPG3NN3–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES 411 first as small, flask-shaped bodies, shown in Fig. 202, breaking through the upper epidermis of the leaf. Somewhat later, and in the same spot, there appear on the under surface the aecidial. Fig. 202. Puccinia graminis. (After Ward) , section of barberry leaf showing spermogonia and ascidia; b, secidium stage, which breaks through the epidermis in somewhat similar manner. The spermogonium shows a very simple development, resulting by the gradual growth in e
RMRDX3W1–. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 150 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS filled with accumulated food substances which serve to supply the developing female gametophyte with food, as the latter does not contain chlorophyll. The gam- etophyte, as in Selaginella, is almost entirely included within the large macrospore, and the formation of the. Fig. 39 (Heterosporous Ferns). — A, sporophyte of Isoetes echinospora; B, a single leaf showing the enlarged base bearing a single macrosporan- gium, ma; the mierosporangia are much the same; C, a germinated microspore with the contained gametophyte
RMPG2RN3–. Heredity and evolution in plants. Heredity; Plants. 12 HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION IN PLANTS equal degree, as in the case of Polypodium mentioned above. In some species, however, there are two kinds of leaves—one devoted entirely to vegetative functions, and another to the reproductive, or spore-producing function (Fig. 14); between these two extremes all grades of transi- tion are found (Fig. 15). But however widely the sporo-. FiG. 14.—The cinnamon fern {Osmiinda cinnamomea), showing foliage' leaves and sporophylls. phyll departs from a foliage-leaf in appearance, it must, nevertheless, be rega
RMRDWE4H–. Elementary botany. Botany. DIMORPHISM OF FERNS. 343 leaves, the general plan of which is the same, and we recognize each as being a leaf. 626. Transformation of the fertile leaves of onoclea to sterile ones.—It is not a very rare thing to find plants of the sensitive fern which show intermediate conditions of the sterile and the fertile leaf. A number of years ago it was thought by some that this represented a different species, but now it is known. Fig- 447- Sensitive fern, showing one vegetative leaf and two sporophylls completely transformed. that these intermediate forms are partly trans
RMPG06W1–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. A Fia. 510. Cycadeoidea sp. A piece of stem showing (A) the persistent leaf-bases in side-view and at b the scars where the bases have broken off, and (B) the inner face of the same piece with the exposed leaf-traces passing into the leaves; one of the traces is seen at t in fig. A. (From a, specimen in the British Museum; J nat. size.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly
RMRDWFDG–. Elementary botany. Botany. Kig. 249. Base of leaf of isoetes, showing sporangium with macrospores. (isoetes en- gelmannii.). Fig. 250. Section of plant of Isoetes engelmanii, showing cup- shaped stem, and longitudinal sections of the sporan- gia in the thickened bases of the leaves. ure from the other portions of the leaf. This is a sporangium. Beside the spores on the inside of the sporangium, there are strands of sterile tissue which extend across the cavity. This is peculiar to isoetes of all the members of the class of plants to which the ferns belong, but it will be remembered that ster
RMPG1K8D–. Southern field crops (exclusive of forage plants). Agriculture. SWEET-POTATO 453 through and ruins the maturing potatoes (Fig. 197). No treatment is known except to avoid storing or bedding any infested roots, which may be recognized by the bur- rows within them. Care should be taken to avoid intro-. FiG. 197. — Cross Section through a Sweet-potato, showing Inju- ries BY Sweet-potato Rooi^borer. ducing this serious pest on sweet-potatoes brought east- ward from the infested regions. For various leaf-eating insects, occasionally attacking the foliage of this plant, the recommendation is to di
![. The story of the plants [microform]. Plants; Botany; Plantes; Botanique. 130 THE STORY OP THE PLANTS. The structure of the cuckoo-pint is very peculiar. What looks like the flower is not really any part of the flower at all, but a large. FIG. 25.—THE COMMON ARUM, OR CUCKOO- PINT, SHOWING THE SPATHE WHICH SUR- ROUNDS THE FLOWERS, AND THE SPIKE STICKING UP IN THE MIDDLE. outer leaf or spathe surrounding a group of very tiny blossoms. You can understand this leaf better if you look at a narcissus stalk, where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have be Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ5GD6/the-story-of-the-plants-microform-plants-botany-plantes-botanique-130-the-story-op-the-plants-the-structure-of-the-cuckoo-pint-is-very-peculiar-what-looks-like-the-flower-is-not-really-any-part-of-the-flower-at-all-but-a-large-fig-25the-common-arum-or-cuckoo-pint-showing-the-spathe-which-sur-rounds-the-flowers-and-the-spike-sticking-up-in-the-middle-outer-leaf-or-spathe-surrounding-a-group-of-very-tiny-blossoms-you-can-understand-this-leaf-better-if-you-look-at-a-narcissus-stalk-where-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-be-RJ5GD6.jpg ". The story of the plants [microform]. Plants; Botany; Plantes; Botanique. 130 THE STORY OP THE PLANTS. The structure of the cuckoo-pint is very peculiar. What looks like the flower is not really any part of the flower at all, but a large. FIG. 25.—THE COMMON ARUM, OR CUCKOO- PINT, SHOWING THE SPATHE WHICH SUR- ROUNDS THE FLOWERS, AND THE SPIKE STICKING UP IN THE MIDDLE. outer leaf or spathe surrounding a group of very tiny blossoms. You can understand this leaf better if you look at a narcissus stalk, where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have be Stock Photo")
RMRJ5GD6–. The story of the plants [microform]. Plants; Botany; Plantes; Botanique. 130 THE STORY OP THE PLANTS. The structure of the cuckoo-pint is very peculiar. What looks like the flower is not really any part of the flower at all, but a large. FIG. 25.—THE COMMON ARUM, OR CUCKOO- PINT, SHOWING THE SPATHE WHICH SUR- ROUNDS THE FLOWERS, AND THE SPIKE STICKING UP IN THE MIDDLE. outer leaf or spathe surrounding a group of very tiny blossoms. You can understand this leaf better if you look at a narcissus stalk, where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have be
RMPG19GX–. A biochemic basis for the study of problems of taxonomy, heredity, evolution, etc., with especial reference to the starches and tissues of parent-stocks and hybrid-stocks and the starches and hemoglobins of varieties, species, and genera. Starch; Biochemistry; Plant hybridization; Plants. 206 ^^m :/-.,i^' .»C: ^>5ei c-':>> v^^ 207 202. Cypripedium spicerianum. Transverse section of leaf midway between apex and base, showing deep aqueous tissue and narrow leaf at midrib region. 203. Cypripedium villosum. The same, showing narrow aqueous tissue and wide leaf at midrib region. 204. Cyp
![. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. FOLIAGE LEAVES I THE LIGHT-RELATION" 11. Fig. 4. Two sensitive plants, showing the motile leaves. The plant to the left has its leaves and numerous leaflets expanded ; the one to the right shows the leaflets folded together and the leaves drooping.—After Kerner. the morning and evening (see Fig. 170). As a result, the plane of the leaf lies in a general north and south direc- tion. It is a significant fact that when the plant grows in shaded places the leaves do not assume any such position. It seems evident, therefore, that the position has Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RE1KWG/plant-studies-an-elementary-botany-botany-foliage-leaves-i-the-light-relationquot-11-fig-4-two-sensitive-plants-showing-the-motile-leaves-the-plant-to-the-left-has-its-leaves-and-numerous-leaflets-expanded-the-one-to-the-right-shows-the-leaflets-folded-together-and-the-leaves-droopingafter-kerner-the-morning-and-evening-see-fig-170-as-a-result-the-plane-of-the-leaf-lies-in-a-general-north-and-south-direc-tion-it-is-a-significant-fact-that-when-the-plant-grows-in-shaded-places-the-leaves-do-not-assume-any-such-position-it-seems-evident-therefore-that-the-position-has-RE1KWG.jpg ". Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. FOLIAGE LEAVES I THE LIGHT-RELATION" 11. Fig. 4. Two sensitive plants, showing the motile leaves. The plant to the left has its leaves and numerous leaflets expanded ; the one to the right shows the leaflets folded together and the leaves drooping.—After Kerner. the morning and evening (see Fig. 170). As a result, the plane of the leaf lies in a general north and south direc- tion. It is a significant fact that when the plant grows in shaded places the leaves do not assume any such position. It seems evident, therefore, that the position has Stock Photo")
RMRE1KWG–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. FOLIAGE LEAVES I THE LIGHT-RELATION" 11. Fig. 4. Two sensitive plants, showing the motile leaves. The plant to the left has its leaves and numerous leaflets expanded ; the one to the right shows the leaflets folded together and the leaves drooping.—After Kerner. the morning and evening (see Fig. 170). As a result, the plane of the leaf lies in a general north and south direc- tion. It is a significant fact that when the plant grows in shaded places the leaves do not assume any such position. It seems evident, therefore, that the position has
RMPG4F8G–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 199 have already been mentioned as living in an unequal partner- ship with root fungi in which the green plants are the dominant partners. They are not however found as parasites on other green plants. Higher seed plants. A number of Minnesota species of the higher seed plants are known as true parasites on other leaf- green plants and a few of these are of economic importance. When a race of plants which was originally self supporting by. Fi G. 101—Twig of a witches'-broom of spruce, showing the parasitic plants of the mist
![. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 686 ECOLOGY. arrangement of the" xylem " and " phloem," as in a triarch root. In the Polytri- qhaceae the leaf and stem bundles join, though they are not connected in most mosses. The bundle of Polyirichum certainly is more complex in structure than that of the simpler seed plants. The " vascular bundles " of algae and mosses doubtless have no genetic connection with the vascular bundles of higher plants, but they are of great interest as showing possible early steps in the differentiation of con- du Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDHK9B/a-textbook-of-botany-for-colleges-and-universities-botany-686-ecology-arrangement-of-thequot-xylem-quot-and-quot-phloemquot-as-in-a-triarch-root-in-the-polytri-qhaceae-the-leaf-and-stem-bundles-join-though-they-are-not-connected-in-most-mosses-the-bundle-of-polyirichum-certainly-is-more-complex-in-structure-than-that-of-the-simpler-seed-plants-the-quot-vascular-bundles-quot-of-algae-and-mosses-doubtless-have-no-genetic-connection-with-the-vascular-bundles-of-higher-plants-but-they-are-of-great-interest-as-showing-possible-early-steps-in-the-differentiation-of-con-du-RDHK9B.jpg ". A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 686 ECOLOGY. arrangement of the" xylem " and " phloem," as in a triarch root. In the Polytri- qhaceae the leaf and stem bundles join, though they are not connected in most mosses. The bundle of Polyirichum certainly is more complex in structure than that of the simpler seed plants. The " vascular bundles " of algae and mosses doubtless have no genetic connection with the vascular bundles of higher plants, but they are of great interest as showing possible early steps in the differentiation of con- du Stock Photo")
RMRDHK9B–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 686 ECOLOGY. arrangement of the" xylem " and " phloem," as in a triarch root. In the Polytri- qhaceae the leaf and stem bundles join, though they are not connected in most mosses. The bundle of Polyirichum certainly is more complex in structure than that of the simpler seed plants. The " vascular bundles " of algae and mosses doubtless have no genetic connection with the vascular bundles of higher plants, but they are of great interest as showing possible early steps in the differentiation of con- du
RMPG4ED7–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 388 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS dies, and shrivels. The rust is conveyed from plant to plant throughout the summer by spores of this stage. The teleutospores may appear in the same sori with the uredospores or in separate sori, and in either event come. Fig. 166. — Clover leaf showing sori of mat. Original. later in the season. They are recognized by their darker brown color. The cluster-cup stage, which is less abun- dant and less injurious than the other stages, may often pass unnoticed. It appears first as pale swollen regions upon the leaf or
RMRE0MFA–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. HYDROPHYTE ASSOCIATIONS 179 work 61 conduction is not so extensive or definite, and therefore in such water plants the woody bundles are not so prominently developed as in land plants. (4) Reduction of mechanical tissues.—In the case of ordinary land plants, certain firm tissues are developed so. Pig. 160. Gulfweed (Sargassum), showing the thallus differentiated into stem-like and leaf-like portions, and also the bladder-like floats.—After Bennett and Murray. that the plant may maintain its form. These supporting tissues reach their culmination in
RMPG26GE–. Beginners' botany. Botany. 102 BEGINNERS' BOTANY covered area. 88. Plants or parts of plants that have developed no chlorophyll can form no starch. Secure a variegated leaf of coleus, ribbon grass, geranium, or of any plant showing both white and green areas. On a day of bright sunshine, test one of these leaves by the alcohol and iodine method for the presence of starch. Observe that the parts devoid of green color have formed no starch. However, after starch has once been formed in the leaves. it may be to be again the living changed into soluble substances and removed, converted into star
RMRE1PHX–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. FlG. 223. Section of a leaf of Woodwardia, showing two sori: i, indusiura; sp, sporangia arising from the epidermis and in various stages of develop- ment. Note the epidermis, stoma, s, palisade and spongy chlorenchyma and vascular bundles, as in higher plants. phyta, and it is evident that ample provision is made for the maintenance of the race notwithstanding the postponement and specialization in spore production. The sporangia vary considerably in structure in the various. Fig. 224. Character of sporangia: A, simple type of sporangium of Osmunda
RMPG4F5A–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 90 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS. Fig. 35. — Hypochnose, showing aclerotia on twig at left and rhizomorphic strands pn twig at right. Original. gether with the sclerotia •and extending along the twig longitudinally are also found silvery, glis- tening, thread-like, fun- gous growths. This fungus hibernates in the sclerotia on or near the terminal bud and thence invades the new twigs as they develop, reaching out upon each leaf, spreading over its under surface in almost invisible thinness, and causing it to droop, die, and eventually to fall away.
RMRDTHN1–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. NATURE OF PLANTS 43 The casting off of the leaves reduces the' area of the plant that is exposed to the unfavorable conditions to a minimum. This reduction of the surface is effected in one way or another by a great variety of plants. Much of oiir spring vegetation is possible by reason of it. The spring beauties, anemones, fawn lilies, iack-in-the-pulpits, etc., practically complete their growth >^/^^%. Fig. 28. Leaf fall: A, branch of horse-chestnut showing scar formed by the fall of the leaf. The dots on the scar show the position of the vascul
RMPG42ND–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. THK PARASITIC EXOASCP^AE. 16T Exoascus coerulescens (Mont, et Desm.) produces similar blisters on oak leaves.. Fig. 63.—JExoctscus aureus. Leaf section from the margiu of a swelling, showing normal and hypertropbied tissue. The cells of the swelling are abnormally elongated with thickened walls, and some show secondary cell-division. The bases of the asci are wedged in between the cells; one ascus is shown with coni
RMRDHMTD–. A Manual of botany : being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants . Botany. Fig. 264. Fig. 266. Indefinite Infloeescence.—The simplest form of this inflores- cence is when single flowers are produced in the axUs of the ordinary Fig. 254. Plant of Kanunculus bulbosus, showing determinate inflorescence. a Primary floral axis dilated at its base, so as to form a sort of bulb, 6, whence the roots and radical leaves proceed. /', Solitary flower, terminating the primary axis. About the middle of the axis a leaf is developed which gives origin to a
RMPG19PG–. A biochemic basis for the study of problems of taxonomy, heredity, evolution, etc., with especial reference to the starches and tissues of parent-stocks and hybrid-stocks and the starches and hemoglobins of varieties, species, and genera. Starch; Biochemistry; Plant hybridization; Plants. 164. 166 160. Ipomoea coccinea. Section of upper epidermis at base of mature leaf; over a vein, showing long papillae along veins. 161. Ipomoea quamoclil. The same, showing no papillae over veins. 162. Ipomoea sloteri. The same, showing smaller papillae along vein and that the stomata are slightly more nume
![. The story of the plants [microform]. Plants; Botany; Plantes; Botanique. 130 THE STORY OP THE PLANTS. The structure of the cuckoo-pint is very peculiar. "What looks like the flower is not really any part of the flower at all, but a large. Fia. 25.—THE COMMON ARUaf, OR CUCKOO- PINT, SHOWING THE SPATHE WHICH SUR- ROUNDS THE FLOWERS, AND THE SPIKE BTICKINO UP IN THE MJLUDLE. outer leaf or spathe surrounding a group of very tiny blossoms. You can understand this leaf better if you look at a narcissus stalk, where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ00EN/the-story-of-the-plants-microform-plants-botany-plantes-botanique-130-the-story-op-the-plants-the-structure-of-the-cuckoo-pint-is-very-peculiar-quotwhat-looks-like-the-flower-is-not-really-any-part-of-the-flower-at-all-but-a-large-fia-25the-common-aruaf-or-cuckoo-pint-showing-the-spathe-which-sur-rounds-the-flowers-and-the-spike-btickino-up-in-the-mjludle-outer-leaf-or-spathe-surrounding-a-group-of-very-tiny-blossoms-you-can-understand-this-leaf-better-if-you-look-at-a-narcissus-stalk-where-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-RJ00EN.jpg ". The story of the plants [microform]. Plants; Botany; Plantes; Botanique. 130 THE STORY OP THE PLANTS. The structure of the cuckoo-pint is very peculiar. "What looks like the flower is not really any part of the flower at all, but a large. Fia. 25.—THE COMMON ARUaf, OR CUCKOO- PINT, SHOWING THE SPATHE WHICH SUR- ROUNDS THE FLOWERS, AND THE SPIKE BTICKINO UP IN THE MJLUDLE. outer leaf or spathe surrounding a group of very tiny blossoms. You can understand this leaf better if you look at a narcissus stalk, where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may Stock Photo")
RMRJ00EN–. The story of the plants [microform]. Plants; Botany; Plantes; Botanique. 130 THE STORY OP THE PLANTS. The structure of the cuckoo-pint is very peculiar. "What looks like the flower is not really any part of the flower at all, but a large. Fia. 25.—THE COMMON ARUaf, OR CUCKOO- PINT, SHOWING THE SPATHE WHICH SUR- ROUNDS THE FLOWERS, AND THE SPIKE BTICKINO UP IN THE MJLUDLE. outer leaf or spathe surrounding a group of very tiny blossoms. You can understand this leaf better if you look at a narcissus stalk, where. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may
![. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally forms flattened thalloid discs several layers of cells thick and attached firmly to leaves by means of rhizoids (Fig. 328). Hairs are produced from the thallus-dises, especially. Fig. 329.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section throu Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG3PP6/diseases-of-plants-induced-by-cryptogamic-parasites-introduction-to-the-study-of-pathogenic-fungi-slime-fungi-bacteria-amp-algae-plant-diseases-parasitic-plants-fungi-quotgtampgt-fig-328cephaleuros-mycoidea-section-through-the-epidermis-of-a-leaf-of-catntllia-showing-the-thallus-like-disc-with-haustoria-after-gxinningiiani-ance-but-generally-forms-flattened-thalloid-discs-several-layers-of-cells-thick-and-attached-firmly-to-leaves-by-means-of-rhizoids-fig-328-hairs-are-produced-from-the-thallus-dises-especially-fig-329cephaleuros-mycoidea-section-throu-PG3PP6.jpg ". Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally forms flattened thalloid discs several layers of cells thick and attached firmly to leaves by means of rhizoids (Fig. 328). Hairs are produced from the thallus-dises, especially. Fig. 329.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section throu Stock Photo")
RMPG3PP6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally forms flattened thalloid discs several layers of cells thick and attached firmly to leaves by means of rhizoids (Fig. 328). Hairs are produced from the thallus-dises, especially. Fig. 329.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section throu
RMRDFMNF–. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants ; with a flora of the United States and Canada . Botany; Botany; Botany. 146 VEaETATION.. 601, Minnto portion of a leaf of Viola tricolor, viewed in [jerspective, showing, a, cells of epidermis above ; &, compact parenchyma of the upper portion of the leaf; c, loose parenchyma; d, epidermal-cells of the lOM'cr surface with stornata, one cut and opening; into the intercellular passages. (Magnified 100 diameters.) 735. The steuctuke op beaotb, sepals, petals, and other organs, which are but mod
RMPG19T2–. A biochemic basis for the study of problems of taxonomy, heredity, evolution, etc., with especial reference to the starches and tissues of parent-stocks and hybrid-stocks and the starches and hemoglobins of varieties, species, and genera. Starch; Biochemistry; Plant hybridization; Plants. %,. 164. I-pomwa cocdnea. Section of upper epidermis at base of mature leaf, showing numerous stomata, regular dis- tribution of stomata, straight-walled cells, and no hairs. 155. Ipomcea quamoclit. The same, showing fewer stomata; stomata grouped mainly at veins, wavy-walled cells and short dagger-like hai
RMRDWC56–. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. SHOOTS. 69 This has the general result of placing the leaf blades at right angles to the rays of light, and in this respect the heliotropism of the stem aids in securing a favorable leaf position (see Figs. 63, 63a). Prostrate stems are differently affected by the light, however, being directed transversely to the rays of light. The same is true of many foliage. Fig. 60. An oak in its winter condition, showing ttie wide branching. The various directions of the branches have been determined by the light-relations. branches, as may be seen by observing al
RMPFYF9K–. A text-book of botany for secondary schools. Botany. Fig. 36.—Leaves of the Califorman pitcher- plant, showing the twisted and winged pitcher, the overarching hood with trans- lucent spots, and the fish-tail appendage to the hood.—After Kerner. Fig. 37.—Leaf of Nepenthes, shov.-- ing the blade-like base, the ten- dril portion, and the terminal pitcher with its lid. — After Gray. elaborate pitcher with a lid (Fig. 37). There is the same sweetish secretion at the rim of the pitcher, and the same accumulation of water within as in the ordinary pitcher- plants. (5) Leaves of sundews.—The sundews
RMRE0PHC–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. Fig. 249. Renewal of growth of the sporophyte or embryo in the seed. 7, section of the seed, showing the base of the cotyledons extending from the seed, thus pushing out the stem and root, the latter organ (shown in part) curving down into the ground. The free ends of the cotyledons are enlarging as they absorb the food stored in the gametophyte. 6, seedling six months old with first normal leaf.—After Sachs. oxygen and fluids from the sporophyte or embryo and thus stops its growth. When conditions are favorable for growth (see page 129), the integum
RMPG16K5–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. B Fig. 64. Equisetites lateralis Phill. A. Part of a stem showing leaf-sheaths and an imperfect diaphragm. B. A single flattened leaf-sheath. C. A detached nodal diaphragm. From a specimen in the York Museum. Slightly reduced. E. lateralis, and lends support to the view that the so-called branch-scars are nodal diaphragms'. This species also affords additional evidence in favour of retaining the generic name Equisetites for Phillips' species. Equisetites Munsteri is a typical Rhaetic plant; it has been found at Beyreuth and Ku
![. Grasses of North America [microform] : chapters on the physiology, composition, selection, improving and cultivation of grasses, management of grass lands, also chapters on clovers, injurious insects and fungi. Grasses; Forage plants; Graminées; Plantes fourragères. Fia. 22.—Cross-section of a leaf of Cynodon Dnctulon, showing a very large bulliform. cell, with one or two small ones on each side of it. 1 x 130.—(Sudworth).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrati Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ6P59/grasses-of-north-america-microform-chapters-on-the-physiology-composition-selection-improving-and-cultivation-of-grasses-management-of-grass-lands-also-chapters-on-clovers-injurious-insects-and-fungi-grasses-forage-plants-gramines-plantes-fourragres-fia-22cross-section-of-a-leaf-of-cynodon-dnctulon-showing-a-very-large-bulliform-cell-with-one-or-two-small-ones-on-each-side-of-it-1-x-130sudworth-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrati-RJ6P59.jpg ". Grasses of North America [microform] : chapters on the physiology, composition, selection, improving and cultivation of grasses, management of grass lands, also chapters on clovers, injurious insects and fungi. Grasses; Forage plants; Graminées; Plantes fourragères. Fia. 22.—Cross-section of a leaf of Cynodon Dnctulon, showing a very large bulliform. cell, with one or two small ones on each side of it. 1 x 130.—(Sudworth).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrati Stock Photo")
RMRJ6P59–. Grasses of North America [microform] : chapters on the physiology, composition, selection, improving and cultivation of grasses, management of grass lands, also chapters on clovers, injurious insects and fungi. Grasses; Forage plants; Graminées; Plantes fourragères. Fia. 22.—Cross-section of a leaf of Cynodon Dnctulon, showing a very large bulliform. cell, with one or two small ones on each side of it. 1 x 130.—(Sudworth).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrati
RMPG06CB–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. 488 CYCADOPHYTA [CH. Bucklandia indica sp. nov. Oldham and Morris^ and subsequently FeistmanteP described some specimens of Cycadean stems from the Rajmahal Hills of. Fig. 579. Buchlandia indioa. A, side-view showing the leaf-bases and attached petioles of Ptilophyllum, also (to the left) a fragment of a detached Ptilo- phyllum leaf. B, transverse section showing the pith, xylem cylinder, cortex, and sections of petioles. (British Museum; nat. size.) India of Lower Jurassic age: the latter author regarded them as stems of Will
RMRDPR09–. The bulb book; or, Bulbous and tuberous plants for the open air, stove, and greenhouse, containing particulars as to descriptions, culture, propagation, etc., of plants from all parts of the world having bulbs, corms, tubers, or rhizomes (orchids excluded). Bulbs (Plants). Fxa. 9.—Richwrdia cBthiopica. (^.) Fig. 10.—Seedling Cyclamen, showing aberration from ordinary dicotyledonous type. tradiction to this arrangement is seen in the seedlings of Cyclamen, as shown in the sketch (Fig. 10). When the seeds first germinate, only one seed-leaf is apparent; later, a second one much smaller than th
RMPG20WE–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. FiG. 933.—The upper portion of a plant of Bryophyl- lum calycimimt showing new plants {p) developing from buds that originate in the leaf sinuses; note also the adventi- tious roots (r) which develop at the stem nodes, appearing from all sides where the stem is vertical or ascending, but from the under side only where the stem is horizontal.. Fig. 934. — Vegetative re- production in Sansevieria arti- ficially induced through the use of a leaf cutting; a bud and a copious growth of roots origi- nate at the basal part of the cut- t
RMRDDAC6–. Lessons in botany. Botany. HOW PLANTS OBTAIN FOOD. 89 ing nutriment maybe demonstrated by making sections through both parasite and host at a point where the haustoria enter the stem. These should then be mounted for examination with the microscope. Fig. 64. Several teleutospores, showing the variations in form. 161. Carnivorous plants, or insectivorous plants.—Examples of these are the well-known Venus fly-trap (Dionaea muscipula) and the sundew (Drosera rotundifolia). These are illustrated in figures 67 and 68. The lamina of the leaf of the Venus. Fig. 65. Cells from the stem of a rusted c
RMPG0D3H–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. x'^ n m Fig. 448. Megaloxylon Scotti. A, transverse section at the junction of the primary and secondary tissues; B, longitudinal section showing the inner edge of the secondary xylem, x^, a leaf-trace, It, and the metaxylem, m. cylinder on its outward course. The same leaf-trace is shown at It in fig. 446, B; as it descends the trace becomes less distinct and its elongated elements gradually merge into the general mass of metaxylem. A portion of this leaf-trace is seen in fig.. Please note that these images are extracted from
RMRDWETP–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. Fig. 249. Renewal of growth of the sporophyte or embryo in the seed. 7, section of the seed, showing the base of the cotyledons extending from the seed, thus pushing out the stem and root, the latter organ (shown in part) curving down into the ground. The free ends of the cotyledons are enlarging as they absorb the food stored in the gametophyte. 6, seedling six months old with first normal leaf.—After Sachs. oxygen and fluids from the sporophyte or embryo and thus stops its growth. When conditions are favorable for growth (see page 129), the integum
RMPG4APK–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 356. — Stage of the Wheat Rust on the Barberry bush, BcrherU vulgaris. Left, leaf of Barberry, showing the affected areas which are red- dish, much thickened, and contain many cup-like depressions; right, a very much enlarged section through the affected area of the leaf, showing one of the cups (c) with chains of aecidiospores (X 200). The very small spores at (p) are the spermatia or pycniospores.. Fig. 357. — Diagram showing the life cycle of the Wheat Rust. A, wheat plants; B, barberry bush; u, uredospore; t, teleutospore; s, basidio- spore
RMRDD72G–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. POWDERY MILDEWS (PERISPORIALES) 373 tree is killed. The deeply buried mycelium is not reached by sprays, and the total destruction of the infected trees is the only available method of checking the disease. Powdery Mildews (Perisporiales). — This group includes many Fungi, but they arc all very similar in their habits. The mycelium commonly occurs on the surface of leaves, but some- times on the stems and fruits of the higher plants. The myce-. FiG. 324. — Powdery Mildew of the Hop. Below, diagrammatic draw- ing of a section of a Hop leaf, showing t
RMPG42N6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 63.—JExoctscus aureus. Leaf section from the margiu of a swelling, showing normal and hypertropbied tissue. The cells of the swelling are abnormally elongated with thickened walls, and some show secondary cell-division. The bases of the asci are wedged in between the cells; one ascus is shown with conidia. (v. Tubeuf del.) Exoascus cameus Johan. occurs on leaves of Betula odorata, B. nana, and B. intermedia. Th
![. How plants grow [microform] : a simple introduction to structural botany with a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany; Ferns; Botanique; Fougères. r «B 'I 66 HOW TLANTS ARE PROPAGATED. i i. loaves run into corolla-leaves, and the inner corolla-leaves change gradually into stamens,—showing that even stamens answer to leaves. 198'. How a stamen answers to a leaf, according to the botanist's idea, Fig. 158 is intended to show. The filament or stalk of the stamen answers to the footstalk of a leaf ; and the anther answers to the blade Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ6HEA/how-plants-grow-microform-a-simple-introduction-to-structural-botany-with-a-popular-flora-or-an-arrangement-and-description-of-common-plants-both-wild-and-cultivated-botany-ferns-botanique-fougres-r-b-i-66-how-tlants-are-propagated-i-i-loaves-run-into-corolla-leaves-and-the-inner-corolla-leaves-change-gradually-into-stamensshowing-that-even-stamens-answer-to-leaves-198-how-a-stamen-answers-to-a-leaf-according-to-the-botanists-idea-fig-158-is-intended-to-show-the-filament-or-stalk-of-the-stamen-answers-to-the-footstalk-of-a-leaf-and-the-anther-answers-to-the-blade-RJ6HEA.jpg ". How plants grow [microform] : a simple introduction to structural botany with a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany; Ferns; Botanique; Fougères. r «B 'I 66 HOW TLANTS ARE PROPAGATED. i i. loaves run into corolla-leaves, and the inner corolla-leaves change gradually into stamens,—showing that even stamens answer to leaves. 198'. How a stamen answers to a leaf, according to the botanist's idea, Fig. 158 is intended to show. The filament or stalk of the stamen answers to the footstalk of a leaf ; and the anther answers to the blade Stock Photo")
RMRJ6HEA–. How plants grow [microform] : a simple introduction to structural botany with a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany; Ferns; Botanique; Fougères. r «B 'I 66 HOW TLANTS ARE PROPAGATED. i i. loaves run into corolla-leaves, and the inner corolla-leaves change gradually into stamens,—showing that even stamens answer to leaves. 198'. How a stamen answers to a leaf, according to the botanist's idea, Fig. 158 is intended to show. The filament or stalk of the stamen answers to the footstalk of a leaf ; and the anther answers to the blade
RMPG3FE1–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. ^(128 Figs. 1128, 1129. — Reproduction by asexual spores in a fern (Aspidium): 1128, a leaf segment (pinnule) with fruit dots (sori), each with a shield-shaped cover (indusium); 1129, a cross section through a sorus, showing the indusium (i) and long-stalked sporangia (s); 1129 considerably magnified. — After Wossidlo. megaspores to female plants, whereas the spores of most homosporous ferns give rise to plants that bear both male and female organs. The spores of most pteridofihytes are scattered by the wind, and they are well fi
RMRDE3E1–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 156 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS high-bush blackberry. It is most abundant on the Lucretias, but is also a serious pest on the Rathbone. The disease makes its appearance in the spring, just as. Fia. 07. — The Dewberry double blossom showing witches' broom of the vino. After Cook. the leaf buds are opening, although it can be detected previous to that time by the enlargement of the diseased buds. Instead of the normal shoots and leaves a witches' broom is produced ; the entire bud being involved or only a part, according to the attack. When the flo
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLII] DICBANOPHYLLTJJW 95 nearly vertical but in most species they become widely extended and on older branches may be reflexed as in some Lycopods (fig. 121, B, Vol. 11. p. 35). There is some evidence that the pith was discoid as in Cordaites^. The microsporophylls are said to be borne in small ovoid strobili in the axils of foliage leaves, but. Fig. 671. Dicranophyllum gallicum. A, piece of a stem showing leaf- cushions. B—D, foliage-shoot and leaves. (After Grand'Eury.) the only evidence as to their structure so far adduced Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG16KF/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xlii-dicbanophylltjjw-95-nearly-vertical-but-in-most-species-they-become-widely-extended-and-on-older-branches-may-be-reflexed-as-in-some-lycopods-fig-121-b-vol-11-p-35-there-is-some-evidence-that-the-pith-was-discoid-as-in-cordaites-the-microsporophylls-are-said-to-be-borne-in-small-ovoid-strobili-in-the-axils-of-foliage-leaves-but-fig-671-dicranophyllum-gallicum-a-piece-of-a-stem-showing-leaf-cushions-bd-foliage-shoot-and-leaves-after-grandeury-the-only-evidence-as-to-their-structure-so-far-adduced-PG16KF.jpg ". Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLII] DICBANOPHYLLTJJW 95 nearly vertical but in most species they become widely extended and on older branches may be reflexed as in some Lycopods (fig. 121, B, Vol. 11. p. 35). There is some evidence that the pith was discoid as in Cordaites^. The microsporophylls are said to be borne in small ovoid strobili in the axils of foliage leaves, but. Fig. 671. Dicranophyllum gallicum. A, piece of a stem showing leaf- cushions. B—D, foliage-shoot and leaves. (After Grand'Eury.) the only evidence as to their structure so far adduced Stock Photo")
RMPG16KF–. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLII] DICBANOPHYLLTJJW 95 nearly vertical but in most species they become widely extended and on older branches may be reflexed as in some Lycopods (fig. 121, B, Vol. 11. p. 35). There is some evidence that the pith was discoid as in Cordaites^. The microsporophylls are said to be borne in small ovoid strobili in the axils of foliage leaves, but. Fig. 671. Dicranophyllum gallicum. A, piece of a stem showing leaf- cushions. B—D, foliage-shoot and leaves. (After Grand'Eury.) the only evidence as to their structure so far adduced
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