RM2RCW1HP–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of fairy club fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RMCWP8EF–White Spindles (Clavaria fragilis) fruiting bodies, growing amongst grass, Clumber Park, Nottinghamshire, England, october
RMREF6EA–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. BASIDIOMYCETES 413 siderably during their further development (they increase in breadth only slightly) and, at maturity, project considerably above the hymenium. The spindle of the first nuclear division (meiosis) is sometimes longitu- dinal, more often oblique (Fig. 271, 2). The spindles of the second nuclear division are situated at unequal heights and are more or less longitudinal. The diploid nucleus generally passes through three steps of division, so that the young basidium is eight nucleate. This special type, within which are placed longitudina
RMPG3NK9–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 210. Phragmidium subcorticium a and d, caeoma and teleuto stages on rose ; b: c, and e, spore forms usually in small black groups. A teleutospore is more or less spindle-shaped, usually six to eight cells in extent (Fig. 210, e), and each cell is provided with several germ pores. The outer wall of the spore is generally uneven or warty toward the apex, and there is a distinct terminal papilla. The teleutospores measure 65-100 x 30-45 x without the pedicel. The pedicel is pers
RMT1J49C–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 EXOBASIDIUM. 425 from each a spindle-shaped spore is abjointed (Fig. 257). The liasidiospores divide in water by formation of cross-septa, and a germ-tube arises from each terminal cell. On a young leaf of Vaccinium the germ-tube penetrates and gives rise to a mycelium (Fig. 258) ; on other substrata the germ-tube sprouts into several very fine sterigmata, from the extremi- ties of which a series of c
RM2RCW1WN–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of fairy club fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RMCNMKJH–White Spindles (Clavaria fragilis) fruiting bodies, growing in acid grassland, Quantock Hills, Somerset, England, november
RMRDXHDJ–. Introduction to the study of fungi; their organography, classification, and distribution, for the use of collectors. Fungi. 60 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FUNGI protoplasm, and gradually enlarge, until they resemble a spindle- shaped connective of the two hyphae. A septum is soon formed across the suspenders near the upper extremity, cutting off a discoid cell from each, which are separated from each other at the point of contact by the original wall of the con- jugating suspenders. This division soon becomes perforated, and at length disappears, leaving the twin discoid cells united into a
RMPG4G6P–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 229 Acanthostigma de Notarjs (p. 226) Perithecia free, globose or ovate, very small; walls leathery, black, beset with stiff bristles, ostiole short; asci usually cylindric, rarely ovate, 8-spored; spores spindle-shaped, multicellular by cross walls, hyaline; paraphyses few or none. There are some thirty species, mostly saprophytes. A. parasiticum (Hart.) Sacc.'*'"''* Perithecia globose, minute, with rigid divergent hairs, 0.1-0.25 mm. in diameter; asci 50 n long, early disappearing; spores
RM2RCW1C9–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of fairy club fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RMRDX0G2–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. VIIl] UREDINALES 213 Moreau describes only two, but Harper and Holden found a larger number, which became crowded together arid more or less fused during the later stages of the first and also during the second division. InGymnosporangium clavariaeforme (fig. 190) the first division is initiated, as in Coleosporium, by a synaptic phase, after which a spireme is formed and breaks up into chromosomes. These pass on to the spindle but soon lose their individuality and travel in irregular masses to the poles. The development of the spindle ha
RMPG4G72–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 227 Spores hyaline, sometimes be- coming brown 16. Melanopsamma. Spores hyaline to green 17. Thaxteria. Spores dark-colored 18. Sorothelia. Spores 3 to many-celled Spores hyaline 19. Zignoella. Spores dark-colored 20. Melanomma. Spores elongate, spindle-form, hya- line, many-celled 21. Bombardiastrum. Coleroa Fries (p. 226) Perithecia free, small, globose, flask-shaped; asci 8-spored; spores rH XT' fw--. Fig. 161.—C. ehaetomium. C, perithecia; D, asci. After Lindau and Winter. ovate, 2-cell
RM2RCW1N0–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of fairy club fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RMRDWC78–. The essentials of botany. Botany. 172 PHYLUM II. CHLOROPHYCEAE sites (Family Synchytriaceae) in the tissues of other algae, or even land plants, and are known as Gall-fungi. ORDER COENOBIALES 238. The cells or coenocytes in these plants are aggre- gated into colonies, the most common of which are the pretty species of Scenedesmus, in which four spindle-shaped cells lie side by side. Less common is the very regular plate-colony of Pedias- trum with usually a dozen or more regularly arranged coenocytes. Re- „ „„ „ , lated to these is the Water Net tlG. 66.—Scenedesmus, dfot'^on™" *"&
RMPG4GP7–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 140 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 22 S. linhartiana P. & D.^* is reported on quince in France. S. mespili Schell on medlar. S. seaveri, Rehm., comdia=Monilia seaveri, is on Prunus serotina.^'* S. padi Wor. is found on Prunus padus and Castanea." It possesses a Monilia-form conidial stage with typical dis- junctors, i. e., spindle-shaped cellulose bodies between the conidia which easily break across to facilitate the separation of the conidia.. Fig. 95.—S. libertiana. Sclerotia produced in artificial cul- ture. After
RM2RCW226–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of fairy club fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RM2GA42KM–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of coral fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RMREF916–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 162 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI protoplasm bulges out as a papilla, rupturing the cuticle. When the chlamydospores become entirely empty, the protoplasmic portion is abjointed from the vacuolate portion (Fig. 101, 1). This apical cell forms the young ascus; the vacuolate chlamydospore is called the stipe cell (in systematic literature). The young ascus (Fig. 102, 5) contains a large diploid nucleus formed by the fusion of two hyphal nuclei during the formation of the chlamydo- spore. This nucleus divides thrice. In the first division, the spindle i
RMPG4GJH–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 164 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Spores brown, elongate, 4 to 8-celled 9- Hysterium. Spores elongate, muriform 10. Hysterographium, p. 164. Ascoma boat or band-shaped, not sessile Spores spindle-formed, brown, many- celled Spores 4 to 8-celled; asci 8-spored. 11. Mytilidimn. Spores many-celled; asci 4-spored. 12. Ostreion. Spores filamentose, hyaline or yellow 13. Lophium. Ascoma stellate 14. Actidium. Hysterographium Corda Asci clavate, 8-spored; spores muriform, dark colored when mature; paraphyses branched forming an epit
RM2GA42HA–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of coral fungus - Brevard, North Carolina, USA
RM2JRD2JM–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of coral fungus - DuPont State Recreational Forest - Cedar Mountain, near Brevard, North Carolina,
RMRDCXX0–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 504 FUNGI IMPERFECTI. Mastigosporinm. Conidia hyaline and four-celled, frequently bristled. Mastigosporium album Eiess. produces oblong dark spots with light margins on leaves of living grass. The conidia are produced on the margins of the spots (Fig. 308). Fusoma. Similar to Fusarium, but the mycelium is loose and not aggregated into a tuft. Conidia spindle-shaped and septate.. Fig. 309.—Fusoma parasiticum. Dis- ea
RM2JRD2EM–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of coral fungus - DuPont State Recreational Forest - Cedar Mountain, near Brevard, North Carolina,
RMRDCY5E–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 466 FUNGI IMPERFECTI. stricted tissue will be found extending quite round the twig (Fig. 293). At these places the bark and cambium have been killed, whereas the higher portions of the twig have continued to increase in thickness. Numerous small black pycnidia break out on the bark of diseased places and give off small unicellular spindle-shaped conidia, which convey infection to new hosts in August or September. Ki
RM2JRD2GF–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of coral fungus - DuPont State Recreational Forest - Cedar Mountain, near Brevard, North Carolina,
RMRDX0HW–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. 206 PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES [CH. in kind from the normal process. In Pinus sylvestris^ the male and female nuclei lie side by side but do not fuse till their chromosomes become mingled on the first spindle of the embryo; in many of the protozoa and in some other animals a series of conjugate divisions may precede the combination of the paternal and maternal chromosomes in a single membrane.. Fig. i8i. Puccinia Potiophylli S.; fertile cell of teleutosorus giving risetoteleutospores; after Christ- Fig. iS'Z. Phraamidium violaceum Went.; a. tele
RM2JRD2FH–Golden Spindles (Clavulinopsis fusiformis) species of coral fungus - DuPont State Recreational Forest - Cedar Mountain, near Brevard, North Carolina,
RMRDC12K–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. EXOBASIDIUM. 425 from each a spindle-shaped spore is abjointed (Fig. 257). The basidiospores divide in water by formation of cross-septa, and a germ-tube arises from each terminal cell. On a young leaf of Vaccinmm the germ-tube penetrates and gives rise to a mycelium (Fig. 258); on other substrata the germ-tube sprouts into several very fine sterigmata, from the extremi- ties of which a series of conidia are abjoint
RMRDE6JE–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Rhizinacese (p. 131) Key to Genera of Rhizinacese Spores elliptic or spindle-shaped" Without rhizoid-like structures 1. Psilopezia. With rhizoid-like structures 2. Rhizina, p. 132. Spores globose 3. Sphserosoma. Only one genus, Rhizina, causes disease. Rhizina Fries with some eight species is recognized by its- crust- formed, sessile, flat ascophore with root-like outgrowths from the lower side. Fig. 90. Asci cylindrical, 8- spored, opening by a lid; spores one- celled, hyaline; paraphyses many. It is often purely saprophytic,
RMRDE6JP–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 132 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Mitnila sclerotiorum Rost.^* which causes a disease of alfalfa in Denmark is the only pathogen of the family. The infected plants die and later the roots and stems be- come filled with black sclerotia which lie dormant about a year. Fig. 89. — Mitrula. B, habit UpOn resuming growth they be- sketch; F, asci. After Schroter. , , i- i . j i come covered by light red eleva^ tions, which bear small light red ascocarps.. Rhizinacese (p. 131) Key to Genera of Rhizinacese Spores elliptic or spindle-s
RMRDJ5PD–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 210. Phragmidium subcorticium a and d, caeoma and teleuto stages on rose ; b: c, and e, spore forms usually in small black groups. A teleutospore is more or less spindle-shaped, usually six to eight cells in extent (Fig. 210, e), and each cell is provided with several germ pores. The outer wall of the spore is generally uneven or warty toward the apex, and there is a distinct terminal papilla. The teleutospores measure 65-100 x 30-45 x without the pedicel. The pedicel is pers
RMRDDBE9–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 229 Acanthostigma de Notarjs (p. 226) Perithecia free, globose or ovate, very small; walls leathery, black, beset with stiff bristles, ostiole short; asci usually cylindric, rarely ovate, 8-spored; spores spindle-shaped, multicellular by cross walls, hyaline; paraphyses few or none. There are some thirty species, mostly saprophytes. A. parasiticum (Hart.) Sacc.'*'"''* Perithecia globose, minute, with rigid divergent hairs, 0.1-0.25 mm. in diameter; asci 50 n long, early disappearing; spores
RMRDC0W0–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. V. Fig. 276.—Polj/piyrus hispidus on pieces of living Ash. (v. Tubeuf phot.). The spores are spindle-shaped and colourless. The fungus is especially common on living hazel, ash, species of maple, beech, mountain ash, horse-chesnut, elm, oak, willow, pear, lime, etc. The wood of the specimen in Fig. 275 exhibited extensive white-rot, the inner parts being completely converted into a soft white spongy mass of mycelium
RMRDDBER–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 227 Spores hyaline, sometimes be- coming brown 16. Melanopsamma. Spores hyaline to green 17. Thaxteria. Spores dark-colored 18. Sorothelia. Spores 3 to many-celled Spores hyaline 19. Zignoella. Spores dark-colored 20. Melanomma. Spores elongate, spindle-form, hya- line, many-celled 21. Bombardiastrum. Coleroa Fries (p. 226) Perithecia free, small, globose, flask-shaped; asci 8-spored; spores rH XT' fw--. Fig. 161.—C. ehaetomium. C, perithecia; D, asci. After Lindau and Winter. ovate, 2-cell
RMRDE6H1–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 140 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 22 S. linhartiana P. & D.^* is reported on quince in France. S. mespili Schell on medlar. S. seaveri, Rehm., comdia=Monilia seaveri, is on Prunus serotina.^'* S. padi Wor. is found on Prunus padus and Castanea." It possesses a Monilia-form conidial stage with typical dis- junctors, i. e., spindle-shaped cellulose bodies between the conidia which easily break across to facilitate the separation of the conidia.. Fig. 95.—S. libertiana. Sclerotia produced in artificial cul- ture. After
RMRDE6CF–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 164 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Spores brown, elongate, 4 to 8-celled 9- Hysterium. Spores elongate, muriform 10. Hysterographium, p. 164. Ascoma boat or band-shaped, not sessile Spores spindle-formed, brown, many- celled Spores 4 to 8-celled; asci 8-spored. 11. Mytilidimn. Spores many-celled; asci 4-spored. 12. Ostreion. Spores filamentose, hyaline or yellow 13. Lophium. Ascoma stellate 14. Actidium. Hysterographium Corda Asci clavate, 8-spored; spores muriform, dark colored when mature; paraphyses branched forming an epit
RMRCC2H6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. 466 FUNGI IMPERFECTI. stricted tissue will be found extending quite round the twig (Fig. 293), At these places the bark and cambium have been killed, whereas the higher portions of the twig have continued to increase in thickness. Numerous small black pycnidia break out on the bark of diseased places and give off small unicellular spindle-shaped conidia, which convey infection to new hosts in A
RMRCC3B4–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 466 FUNGI IMPERFECTI. stricted tissue will be found extending quite round the twig (Fig. 293). At these places the bark and cambium have been killed, whereas the higher portions of the twig have continued to increase in thickness. Numerous small black pycnidia break out on the bark of diseased places and give off small unicellular spindle-shaped conidia, which convey infection to new hosts in August or September. Kill
RMRCC3GN–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 504 FUNGI IMPKRFECTI. Mastigosporium. Conidia liyaline and lour-celled, frequently bristled. Mastigosporium album Kiess. produces oblong dark spots with light margins on leaves of living grass. The conidia are produced on the margins of the spots (Fig. 308). Fusoma. Similar to Fusarium, but the mycelium is loose and not aggregated into a tuft. Conidia spindle-shaped and septate.. Fig. 300.—Fusoma paranUicum. Dis- ease
RMRCC3J0–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 466 FUNGI IMPEKFECTI. stricted tissue will be found extending quite round the twig (Fig. 293). At these places the bark and cambium have been killed, whereas the higher portions of the twig have continued to increase in thickness. Numerous small black pycnidia break out on the bark of diseased places and give of!" small unicellular spindle-shaped couidia, which convey infection to new hosts in August or September
RMRCC3AG–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 504 FUNGI IMPKRFECTI. Mastigosporium. Conidia hyaline and four-celled, frequently bristled. Mastigosporium album Riess. produces oblong dark spots with light margins on leaves of living grass. The conidia are produced on the margins of the spots (Fig. 308). Fusoma. Similar to Fusarium, but the mycelium is loose and not aggregated into a tuft. Conidia spindle-shaped and septate.. Fig. 300.—Fusoma parasiticum. Dis- ease
RMRCC2GA–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. 504 FUNGI IMPERFECT!. Mastig-osporiura. Conidia hyaline and four-celled, frequently bristled. Mastigosporium album Eiess. produces oblong dark spots with light margins on leaves of living grass. The conidia are produced on the margins of the spots {Fig. 308). Fusoma. Similar to Fusarium, l)ut the mycelium is loose and not Conidia spindle-shaped and septate. aggregated into a tuft. Fig. 309.—Fus
RMRCC3MN–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. EXOBASIDIUM. 425 from each a spindle-shaped spore is abjointed (Fig. 257). The liasidiospores divide in water by formation of cross-septa, and a germ-tube arises from each terminal cell. On a young leaf of Vaccinium the germ-tube penetrates and gives rise to a mycelium (Fig. 258) ; on other substrata the germ-tube sprouts into several very fine sterigmata, from the extremi- ties of which a series of conidia are abjoin
RMRCC3BP–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fio. 270.—Po/-. ncs of living Ash. (v. Tubenf phot.) The spores are spindle-shaped and colourless. The fungus is especially common on living hazel, ash, species of maple, beech, mountain ash, horse-chesnut, elm, oak, willow, pear, lime, etc. The wood of the specimen in Fig. 275 exhibited extensive white-rot, the inner parts being completely converted into a soft white sjxiiigy mass of mycelium. Polyporus hispidus (Bul
RMRCC3CJ–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. EXOBASIDIUM. 425 from each a spindle-shaped spore is abjointed (Fig. 257). The basidiospores divide in water by formation of cross-septa, and a germ-tube arises from each terminal cell. On a young leaf of Vaccinium the germ-tube penetrates and gives rise to a mycelium (Fig. 258); on other substrata the germ-tube sprouts into several very fine sterigmata, from the extremi- ties of which a series of couidia are abjointe
RMRCD63K–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. CLADOSPOIUIM. '11 CI. Scribneriamum Cav. ()ii leaves of Betxda popuUfolia in America and Italy. CI. hypophyllum Fiiek. On leaves of Clmai rampcstris. CI. tuberum Cooke. lu the tubei-s of Batatas edulU in Carolina, U.S.A. 3. Sect. Phragmosi'ur.e. 1. Sifbsect. Micronerivac. Clasterosporium. Conidia brownish, cyliiidriciil or spindle-shaped, and consisting of three or four cells. Clasterosporium
RMRCC2K9–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. KXOBASIDIUM. 425 from each a spindle-shaped spore is abjointed (Fig. 257). The basidiospores divide in water by formation of cross-septa, and a germ-tube arises from each terminal cell. On a young leaf of Vaccinium the germ-tube penetrates and gives rise to a mycelium (Fig. 258); on other substrata the germ-tube sprouts into se'eral very fine .sterignuita, from tlie extremi- ties of which a se
RMRCC3K8–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. '270.—Polyporv.H hispidus on pieces of living Ash. (v. Tubeuf ishot.) The spores are spindle-shaped and colourless. The fungus is especially common on living hazel, ash, species of maple, beech, mountain ash, horse-chesnut, elm, oak, willow, pear, lime, etc. The wood of the specimen in Fig. 275 exhibited extensive white-rot, the inner parts being completely converted into a soft white spongy mass of mycelium. Pol
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