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Spores dissemination Stock Photos and Images
RF2A8YCPY–Brittish soldiers lichen (Cladonia cristatella) growing on old wooden fence railing. Red fruiting bodies produce spores for dissemination. Thin lines
RFR8J606–Sori-bearing fronds of autumn fern (Dryopteris erythrosora). The sori (sources) produce spores that are disseminated by wind and rain.
RMCNRXBW–Common puffball, Warted puffball, Gem-studded puffball, Devil's snuff-box (Lycoperdon perlatum, Lycoperdon gemmatum), Mann activating the spore powder mechanism, Germany, North Rhine-Westphalia
RF2A7WFPR–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RM2AXHG20–Nature and development of plants . needle-like appendages enlarged at the base. B, Micro-sphaera, appendages dichotomous at apex. C, Uncinula, appendages coiledat apex. D, Erysiphe without appendages and crushed to show escapingasci. E, an ascus containing six ascospores. mucilaginous and may assist in the dissemination of the asco-carps. The ascospores are resting spores adapted to enduringdrought and cold as in Penicillium, which they resemble in theirdischarge and germination. 87. Forms with Slightly Opened Ascocarps.—Several ordersof the Ascomycetes are distinguished from the preceding gro
![. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. 10 FARMERS BULLETIN 1641 sac. Under suitable conditions the sacs escape through the neck of the flask. When free the sacs burst in miniature explosions, tlirow- ing the spores into the air. Thus freed the spores are carried by air currents often to great distances.. Fi.JUKE 'J.-Spore horns of tlir chestnut-blight tungus. About si.x times natural si.e The enormous numbers in which both types of blight spores are produced, together with the fact that they"are adapted for different methods of dissemination, give insight into one aspect of the dif Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG15B0/chestnut-blight-chestnut-blight-chestnut-10-farmers-bulletin-1641-sac-under-suitable-conditions-the-sacs-escape-through-the-neck-of-the-flask-when-free-the-sacs-burst-in-miniature-explosions-tlirow-ing-the-spores-into-the-air-thus-freed-the-spores-are-carried-by-air-currents-often-to-great-distances-fijuke-j-spore-horns-of-tlir-chestnut-blight-tungus-about-six-times-natural-sie-the-enormous-numbers-in-which-both-types-of-blight-spores-are-produced-together-with-the-fact-that-theyquotare-adapted-for-different-methods-of-dissemination-give-insight-into-one-aspect-of-the-dif-PG15B0.jpg ". Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. 10 FARMERS BULLETIN 1641 sac. Under suitable conditions the sacs escape through the neck of the flask. When free the sacs burst in miniature explosions, tlirow- ing the spores into the air. Thus freed the spores are carried by air currents often to great distances.. Fi.JUKE 'J.-Spore horns of tlir chestnut-blight tungus. About si.x times natural si.e The enormous numbers in which both types of blight spores are produced, together with the fact that they"are adapted for different methods of dissemination, give insight into one aspect of the dif Stock Photo")
RMPG15B0–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. 10 FARMERS BULLETIN 1641 sac. Under suitable conditions the sacs escape through the neck of the flask. When free the sacs burst in miniature explosions, tlirow- ing the spores into the air. Thus freed the spores are carried by air currents often to great distances.. Fi.JUKE 'J.-Spore horns of tlir chestnut-blight tungus. About si.x times natural si.e The enormous numbers in which both types of blight spores are produced, together with the fact that they"are adapted for different methods of dissemination, give insight into one aspect of the dif
RMRX5REW–Edible and poisonous mushrooms of Edible and poisonous mushrooms of Canada ediblepoisonousm00grov Year: 1979 PARTS OF A MUSHROOM For the purpose of this book relatively little emphasis is being placed on microscopic characters but some mention of them must be made in order to understand the function of the mushroom fruiting body. A mushroom repro- duces by means of spores and the fruiting bodies are organs developed to promote the dissemination of the spores. Spores of very varied forms are produced by fungi in general but in the mushrooms they usually consist of a single, minute cell, rarely
RFR8J591–Sori-bearing fronds of autumn fern (Dryopteris erythrosora). The sori (sources) produce spores that are disseminated by wind and rain.
RF2ADMCJJ–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
![Field studies on the dissemination and growth of the chestnut blight fungus [microform] . for rains, the trunkswere usually drenched with water by hand. I The aspirator method was the first one tried. A 15 liter flask was filled with water and a sterile sugar tube put in the opening at thetop. The water was then permitted to run out slowly through afaucet at the bottom. The water in the bottle being replaced by air,? which passes through the sterile sugar in the tube, any sporesI that were in the air, would be retained by the sugar. The sugar wasIJthen plated out and the number of spores per l Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2AJ4MRR/field-studies-on-the-dissemination-and-growth-of-the-chestnut-blight-fungus-microform-for-rains-the-trunkswere-usually-drenched-with-water-by-hand-i-the-aspirator-method-was-the-first-one-tried-a-15-liter-flask-was-filled-with-water-and-a-sterile-sugar-tube-put-in-the-opening-at-thetop-the-water-was-then-permitted-to-run-out-slowly-through-afaucet-at-the-bottom-the-water-in-the-bottle-being-replaced-by-air-which-passes-through-the-sterile-sugar-in-the-tube-any-sporesi-that-were-in-the-air-would-be-retained-by-the-sugar-the-sugar-wasijthen-plated-out-and-the-number-of-spores-per-l-2AJ4MRR.jpg "Field studies on the dissemination and growth of the chestnut blight fungus [microform] . for rains, the trunkswere usually drenched with water by hand. I The aspirator method was the first one tried. A 15 liter flask was filled with water and a sterile sugar tube put in the opening at thetop. The water was then permitted to run out slowly through afaucet at the bottom. The water in the bottle being replaced by air,? which passes through the sterile sugar in the tube, any sporesI that were in the air, would be retained by the sugar. The sugar wasIJthen plated out and the number of spores per l Stock Photo")
RM2AJ4MRR–Field studies on the dissemination and growth of the chestnut blight fungus [microform] . for rains, the trunkswere usually drenched with water by hand. I The aspirator method was the first one tried. A 15 liter flask was filled with water and a sterile sugar tube put in the opening at thetop. The water was then permitted to run out slowly through afaucet at the bottom. The water in the bottle being replaced by air,? which passes through the sterile sugar in the tube, any sporesI that were in the air, would be retained by the sugar. The sugar wasIJthen plated out and the number of spores per l
RMPG3YHF–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 257 mass of mycelium which arises beneath the epidermis. It is broadly elliptical, with a rather thick wall and no indication of a beak (Fig. 112, a). The conidiophores are short and simple, bear- ing spores — ovate or elliptical — measuring ordinarily 8-10 x 7- Sfi. In moist weather the spores are pushed out in vermiform. Fig. iii. Phyllosticta Stage of the Black Rot Fungus (Photograph by H. H. Whetzel) masses and upon dissemination they are capable of immediate germin
RMRYF212–Edible and poisonous mushrooms of Canada ediblepoisonousm00grov Year: 1979 PARTS OF A MUSHROOM For the purpose of this book relatively little emphasis is being placed on microscopic characters but some mention of them must be made in order to understand the function of the mushroom fruiting body. A mushroom repro- duces by means of spores and the fruiting bodies are organs developed to promote the dissemination of the spores. Spores of very varied forms are produced by fungi in general but in the mushrooms they usually consist of a single, minute cell, rarely more than 1 /50 milhmeter or 0.0
RF2ANJX8M–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size in the woman's hand, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RM2AJ5PG5–Fungous diseases of plants . Fig. no. Grapes affected i5Y Black Rot(Photograph by F. C. Stewart) i ASCOMYCETES 257 mass of mycelium which arises hencath the epidermis. It isbroadly elliptical, with a rather thick wall and no indication of abeak (Fig. 112, a). The conidiophores are short and simple, bear-ing spores — ovate or elliptical — measuring ordinarily 8—10 x 7-8/i. In moist weather the spores are pushed out in vermiform. Fig. III. Phyllosticta Stage of the Black Rot Fungus(Photograph by H. H. Whetzel) masses and upon dissemination they are capable of immediategermination. Accompanying t
RMPG154H–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION NEAV HAVEN, CONN. BULLETIN 178, SEPTEMBER, 1913. THE CHESTNuf^ARK DISEASE. CONTENTS, Page Cause of Disease 6 Description of Disease 6 Remedies Tried 7 Dissemination of Spores S Progress of Disease g Distribution in Connecticut 9 Distribution in the United States ii Relation to Host Conditions 12 Present Situation and Future Prospects in Connecticut 12 Work Done in Connecticut 13 Work Done by Other States 14 Historical 15 Range and Conditions of Growth 15 Character of Wood and Utilization 16 Mill Practice
RF2AXT02X–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RM2CE4GDN–. Pathogenic microörganisms; a practical manual for students, physicians, and health officers . irulent epidemics. The most interesting member of this group is Nosema bom-bycis, the cause of silkworm disease (P6brine). The organism forms many smallspores each with one polar capsule. The spores, which are carried by the foodinto the intestinal canal of the caterpillar, pass through the walls of the intes- ?tines, and infect all organs. Spores found in the ovary may be carried overto the newly hatched silkworms, thus causing a further dissemination of thedisease. As far as is known man is not i
RMPG14NT–. Manual of tree diseases . Trees. Fig. 24. — Pecky wood-rot in Douglas fir. largely destroyed. In Douglas fir the pockets are at first cir- cular white areas (Fig. 23). Later the pockets increase greatly in niunber and finally the wood is honeycombed (Fig. 24). Somewhat different symptoms are shown in larch and pine and are described on pages 215 and 291 respectively. The life-history, dissemination of the spores and mode of in- fection of the wood-rotting fungi are treated in a general discus- sion on page 64.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may hav
RF2B4PR2W–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RMRDWF04–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 348 SPOROPHYLLS OF SELAGINELLA and, as has been stated, characterizes some of the fossil Equise- tales. The megaspores are generally formed at the base of the strobilus and the microspores occupy the upper sporangia (Fig. 242). The sporangia are called microsporangia and megaspor- angia accordingly as they contain small or large spores and for the same reason the leaves may be designated as micro- and. 6A Fig. 242. Sporophylls and spores of Selaginella: 2, strobilus with lower sporophylls separated for spore dissemination. 3, megasporophyll with spor
RF2AET2WF–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RMRE0PKE–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. 348 SPOROPHYLLS OF SELAGINELLA and, as has been stated, characterizes some of the fossil Equise- tales. The megaspores are generally formed at the base of the strobilus and the microspores occupy the upper sporangia (Fig. 242). The sporangia are called microsporangia and megaspor- angia accordingly as they contain small or large spores and for the same reason the leaves may be designated as micro- and. 6A Fig. 242. Sporophylls and spores of Selaginella: 2, strobilus with lower sporopliylls separated for spore dissemination. 3, megasporopiiyll with sp
RF2A8EBW0–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large sizein the woman's hand, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RMRDHT1T–. Fungi; their nature and uses. Fungi. THE SPOEE AND ITS DISSEMINATION. 129 form of the spores and their size differ materially, as well as the manner in which they are produced on the threads. In many they are very minute and profuse, but larger and less plentiful in the Dematiei than in the Mucedim.es. The »pores of some species of Helminthosporium are large and multiseptate, calling to mind the spores of the Melanconiei. Others are very curious, being stellate in Triposporium, circinate in Helicoma and Helico- coryne, angular in Gonatosporium, and ciliate in Menispora cili- ata. Some are pr
RF2C42B8P–Puffbal (Calvatia excipuliformis, gill fungi (Agaricaceae) Mushroom large size in the woman's hand, but young with white flesh, edible fungus
RF2FYTNEN–Common puffball mushroom in the alpine meadows of the North Caucasus. Snow-capped peaks are visible in the background
RMRE1GJ0–. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. THE SPORE AKD ITS DISSEMINATION. 129 form of the spores and their size differ materially, as well as the manner in which they are produced on the threads. In many they are very minute and profuse, but larger and less plentiful in the Dematiei than in the Mucedines. The spores of some species of Selminthosporiwn are lar<je and multiseptate, calling to mind the spores of the Melanconiti. Others are very curious, being stellate in Triposporium, circinate in Helicoma and Helico- coryne, angular in Gonatosporium, and ciliate in Menispora cili-
RMRDMYTY–. Edible and poisonous mushrooms of Canada. Mushrooms, Poisonous; Edible mushrooms. PARTS OF A MUSHROOM For the purpose of this book relatively little emphasis is being placed on microscopic characters but some mention of them must be made in order to understand the function of the mushroom fruiting body. A mushroom repro- duces by means of spores and the fruiting bodies are organs developed to promote the dissemination of the spores. Spores of very varied forms are produced by fungi in general but in the mushrooms they usually consist of a single, minute cell, rarely more than 1 /50 milhmeter
RMRE4XJE–. Eastern forest insects. Forest insects. Wind is undoubtedly the major agent of spore dissemination, but some spread is also probably effected by insects such as the bostrichid, Xylobiops basilaris (Say). The adults of this species, some of which attack healthy trees, become contaminated when they emerge through spore masses on dying trees. Feeding in- juries on the terminals and twigs by adults of the twig girdler, also serve as entry courts for wind-borne spores (172). Blue stains.—In 1928, it was suggested that blue-staining fungi were probably introduced into pines by bark beetles and tha
RMRE1GJF–. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. THE SPORE AND ITS DISSEMINATION. 125 in Prostliemium may be said in some sort to resemble compound Sendersonia, being fusiform and multiseptate, often united at the base in a stellate manner. In this genus, as in Darluca, Gt/tispora, and the most of those belonging to the Melanconiei, the spores when mature are expelled from the orifice of the perithecium or spurious perithecium, either in the form of tendrils, or in a pasty mass. In these instances the spores are more or less involved in gelatine, and when expelled lie spread over the matrix
RMRE3E8W–. Practical text-book of plant physiology. Plant physiology. 3o6 GROWTH Take some vigorously growing specimens of Taraxacum from the soil and wrap the roots with wet sphagnum. Support in an upright position. Note positions assumed by the leaves. In- vert and make same observations. Are the positions of the leaves due to epinasty or hyponasty, or to geotropism ?' 391. Carpotropic and Gametropic Move- ments. A large number of movements are carried on by the primary or accessory re- productive organs for the purpose of pro- moting fertilization, dissemination of seeds or spores or protection from
RMRE5BFK–. Cronartium comandrae in the Rocky Mountain States. Cronartium comandrae Rocky Mountains Region; Fungi Rocky Mountains Region. SPORE VIABILITY AND GERMINATION To explore the influence of environmental conditions on spores during dissemination and germi- nation, many experiments were run under controlled and monitored environmental conditions. Experi- ments were made to investigate all spore stages involved in infection of comandra and pine, that is (1) aeciospores on pine, with ability to infect comandra; (2) urediniospores on comandra, with abil- ity to reinfect comandra plants; (3) teliospo
RMRE2FJB–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. 286 STKTJCTURE AND LIFE HISTORIES species possess different colors, but they never possess chlorophyll. 275. Reproduction.—At a certain stage of development, the Plasmodium will begin to form tiny upright stalks, at the top of which will develop a spore-case, containing spores and capillitium (Fig. 209). The capillitium consists of hygroscopic threads which aid in the dissemination of the spores. When the spores are ripe they are scattered. Fig. 210.—Kohlrabi, showing club-root, caused by a myxomycete, Plasmodiophora brassies. (Cf. Fig. 2.) by the wind, and ea
RMRMMFX5–. Annals of applied biology. Biology, Economic; Biochemistry. Fig. 9. Section of fully developed Necator pustule, x 400. In Malaya the Necator has been found much more frequently than the basidial stage and it is likely that it takes the more active part in the dissemination of the disease. The other forms of Corticium salmonicolor are constantly sterile.. Fig. 10. Germination of Necator spores, after 12 hours in damp chamber. x 400. The fungus is probably chiefly spread by wind, though it is possible that it is also disseminated by red ants and other insects which visit rubber trees. It is po
RMRGBFGT–. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Bui. 1053, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. PLATE VI.. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X-|.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustra
RMRE2F9W–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. 386 STRUCTURE AND LIFE HISTORIES alternate along the axis of the cone (Fig. 281). The larger number of microspores results from the fact that every spore-mother-cell, by tetrad-division, develops spores, while in the megasporangia only one spore-mother- cell develops spores, the other cells serving to nourish that one. The microspores develop only male gametophytes, the megaspores, female. In dissemination, the spores are ejected to some distance from the parent plant (Fig. 282).. Fig. 282.—Selaginella Martensii. Dissemination of spores. The branch was covered
RMRMMFXT–. Annals of applied biology. Biology, Economic; Biochemistry. 70 Pink Disease of Plantation Rubber Necator spores germinate readily in distilled water and in nutritive solutions (Fig. 10).. Fig. 9. Section of fully developed Necator pustule, x 400. In Malaya the Necator has been found much more frequently than the basidial stage and it is likely that it takes the more active part in the dissemination of the disease. The other forms of Corticium salmonicolor are constantly sterile.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for re
RMRDHTAT–. Fungi; their nature and uses. Fungi. THE SPORE AND ITS DISSEMINATION. 125 in Prosthernium may be said in some sort to resemble compound Hendersonia, being fusiform and multiseptate, often nnited at the base in a stellate manner. In this genus, as in Darluca, Ct/tispora, and the most of those belonging to the Melanconiei, the spores when mature are expelled from the orifice of the perithecium or spurious perithecium, either in the form of tendrils, or in a pasty mass. In these instances the spores are more or less involved in gelatine, and when expelled lie spread over tbe matrix, around the
RMRGCR1K–. The Bulletin of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture. Agriculture -- North Carolina. Fig. 5 Wilt of cowpea. The plant on the left shows no evidence of the disease. The other two show advanced stages. the stems discoloring the wood tissues along its path. The interference with water conduction brings on the symptoms of wilt. After a plant is dead the fungus may grow out to the surface and form a crop of pinkish spores there. Dissemination.—The chances for the spores to play an important part in the spread of the disease seem relatively slight; and seed prob- ably do not act as carrier
RMRGBCA1–. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BULLETIN No. 1053 Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Industry WM. A. TAYLOR, Chief Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER May, 1922 STUDIES OF CERTAIN FUNGI OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE IN THE DECAY OF BUILDING TIMBERS « WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FACTORS WHICH FAVOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION By WALTER H. SNELL, Forest Pathologist Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Basidiospores 4 Mycelium 19 Secondary Spores 26 Occurrence of the Sec
![. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. 10 FARMERS BULLETIN 1641 sac. Under suitable conditions the sacs escape through the neck of the flask. When free the sacs burst in miniature explosions, tlirow- ing the spores into the air. Thus freed the spores are carried by air currents often to great distances.. Fi.JUKE 'J.-Spore horns of tlir chestnut-blight tungus. About si.x times natural si.e The enormous numbers in which both types of blight spores are produced, together with the fact that they"are adapted for different methods of dissemination, give insight into one aspect of the dif Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDF4N6/chestnut-blight-chestnut-blight-chestnut-10-farmers-bulletin-1641-sac-under-suitable-conditions-the-sacs-escape-through-the-neck-of-the-flask-when-free-the-sacs-burst-in-miniature-explosions-tlirow-ing-the-spores-into-the-air-thus-freed-the-spores-are-carried-by-air-currents-often-to-great-distances-fijuke-j-spore-horns-of-tlir-chestnut-blight-tungus-about-six-times-natural-sie-the-enormous-numbers-in-which-both-types-of-blight-spores-are-produced-together-with-the-fact-that-theyquotare-adapted-for-different-methods-of-dissemination-give-insight-into-one-aspect-of-the-dif-RDF4N6.jpg ". Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. 10 FARMERS BULLETIN 1641 sac. Under suitable conditions the sacs escape through the neck of the flask. When free the sacs burst in miniature explosions, tlirow- ing the spores into the air. Thus freed the spores are carried by air currents often to great distances.. Fi.JUKE 'J.-Spore horns of tlir chestnut-blight tungus. About si.x times natural si.e The enormous numbers in which both types of blight spores are produced, together with the fact that they"are adapted for different methods of dissemination, give insight into one aspect of the dif Stock Photo")
RMRDF4N6–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. 10 FARMERS BULLETIN 1641 sac. Under suitable conditions the sacs escape through the neck of the flask. When free the sacs burst in miniature explosions, tlirow- ing the spores into the air. Thus freed the spores are carried by air currents often to great distances.. Fi.JUKE 'J.-Spore horns of tlir chestnut-blight tungus. About si.x times natural si.e The enormous numbers in which both types of blight spores are produced, together with the fact that they"are adapted for different methods of dissemination, give insight into one aspect of the dif
RMRGCR44–. The Bulletin of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture. Agriculture -- North Carolina. 8 The Bulletin. Dissemination.—Old stalks or stubble in the field may carry the dis- ease over from one season to the next. Wind distributes the spores. The storage rots hold over in dirty bins. Infection.—The Diplodia fungus can enter the roots of the plant, grow upward in the stalk, and invade the ear through the shank. Also spores deposited by the wind can infect the young silk and thus reach the ear. The fungous threads enter the seed, but these seed do not germ- inate, and therefore do not direc
RMRGBFG9–. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X-|.). Fig. 2.—Dissemination of Trametes Serialis. Basidiospores of Trametes serialis on the leg of a sow bug caught in condensation water beneath the sporophore in fungus pit at Madison, Wis. (X 250.). Please note that these
RMRDJF5R–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 257 mass of mycelium which arises beneath the epidermis. It is broadly elliptical, with a rather thick wall and no indication of a beak (Fig. 112, a). The conidiophores are short and simple, bear- ing spores — ovate or elliptical — measuring ordinarily 8-10 x 7- Sfi. In moist weather the spores are pushed out in vermiform. Fig. iii. Phyllosticta Stage of the Black Rot Fungus (Photograph by H. H. Whetzel) masses and upon dissemination they are capable of immediate germin
![. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER May, 1922 STUDIES OF CERTAIN FUNGI OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE IN THE DECAY OF BUILDING TIMBERS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FACTORS WHICH FAVOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION. By Walter H. Snell,1 Forest Pathologist, Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Basidiospores 4 Sources of basidiospore ma- terial 4 Methods used in the basidio- spore studies 5 Germination of the basidio- spores 5 Retention of the vi Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RG8RB8/bulletins-on-forest-pathology-from-bulletin-usda-washington-dc-1913-1925-trees-plant-diseases-washington-d-c-professional-paper-may-1922-studies-of-certain-fungi-of-economic-importance-in-the-decay-of-building-timbers-with-special-reference-to-the-factors-which-favor-their-development-and-dissemination-by-walter-h-snell1-forest-pathologist-office-of-investigations-in-forest-pathology-contents-page-introduction-1-basidiospores-4-sources-of-basidiospore-ma-terial-4-methods-used-in-the-basidio-spore-studies-5-germination-of-the-basidio-spores-5-retention-of-the-vi-RG8RB8.jpg ". [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER May, 1922 STUDIES OF CERTAIN FUNGI OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE IN THE DECAY OF BUILDING TIMBERS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FACTORS WHICH FAVOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION. By Walter H. Snell,1 Forest Pathologist, Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Basidiospores 4 Sources of basidiospore ma- terial 4 Methods used in the basidio- spore studies 5 Germination of the basidio- spores 5 Retention of the vi Stock Photo")
RMRG8RB8–. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Washington, D. C. PROFESSIONAL PAPER May, 1922 STUDIES OF CERTAIN FUNGI OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE IN THE DECAY OF BUILDING TIMBERS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FACTORS WHICH FAVOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION. By Walter H. Snell,1 Forest Pathologist, Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 1 Basidiospores 4 Sources of basidiospore ma- terial 4 Methods used in the basidio- spore studies 5 Germination of the basidio- spores 5 Retention of the vi
![. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Bui. 1053, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Plate VI,. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X {.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorat Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RG8R7D/bulletins-on-forest-pathology-from-bulletin-usda-washington-dc-1913-1925-trees-plant-diseases-bui-1053-u-s-dept-of-agriculture-plate-vi-fig-idissemination-of-basidiospores-of-trametes-serialis-by-imperceptible-currents-of-air-in-a-closed-pit-the-sporophore-at-a-naturally-dropped-spores-downward-but-in-the-closed-pit-there-were-air-currents-of-sufficient-magnitude-to-carry-the-spores-upward-to-be-deposited-at-points-marked-b-x-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-colorat-RG8R7D.jpg ". [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Bui. 1053, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Plate VI,. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X {.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorat Stock Photo")
RMRG8R7D–. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Bui. 1053, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Plate VI,. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X {.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorat
RMRDFE25–. Manual of tree diseases . Trees. Fig. 24. — Pecky wood-rot in Douglas fir. largely destroyed. In Douglas fir the pockets are at first cir- cular white areas (Fig. 23). Later the pockets increase greatly in niunber and finally the wood is honeycombed (Fig. 24). Somewhat different symptoms are shown in larch and pine and are described on pages 215 and 291 respectively. The life-history, dissemination of the spores and mode of in- fection of the wood-rotting fungi are treated in a general discus- sion on page 64.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may hav
![. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X {.). Fig. 2.—Dissemination of Trametes Serialis. Basidiospores of Trametes serialis on the leg of a sow bug caught in condensation water beneath the sporophore in fungus pit at Madison, W Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RG8R6X/bulletins-on-forest-pathology-from-bulletin-usda-washington-dc-1913-1925-trees-plant-diseases-fig-idissemination-of-basidiospores-of-trametes-serialis-by-imperceptible-currents-of-air-in-a-closed-pit-the-sporophore-at-a-naturally-dropped-spores-downward-but-in-the-closed-pit-there-were-air-currents-of-sufficient-magnitude-to-carry-the-spores-upward-to-be-deposited-at-points-marked-b-x-fig-2dissemination-of-trametes-serialis-basidiospores-of-trametes-serialis-on-the-leg-of-a-sow-bug-caught-in-condensation-water-beneath-the-sporophore-in-fungus-pit-at-madison-w-RG8R6X.jpg ". [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X {.). Fig. 2.—Dissemination of Trametes Serialis. Basidiospores of Trametes serialis on the leg of a sow bug caught in condensation water beneath the sporophore in fungus pit at Madison, W Stock Photo")
RMRG8R6X–. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. Fig. I.—Dissemination of Basidiospores of Trametes Serialis by Imperceptible Currents of Air in a Closed Pit. The sporophore at A naturally dropped spores downward, but in the closed pit there were air currents of sufficient magnitude to carry the spores upward to be deposited at points marked B. (X {.). Fig. 2.—Dissemination of Trametes Serialis. Basidiospores of Trametes serialis on the leg of a sow bug caught in condensation water beneath the sporophore in fungus pit at Madison, W
RMRDF4F2–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION NEAV HAVEN, CONN. BULLETIN 178, SEPTEMBER, 1913. THE CHESTNuf^ARK DISEASE. CONTENTS, Page Cause of Disease 6 Description of Disease 6 Remedies Tried 7 Dissemination of Spores S Progress of Disease g Distribution in Connecticut 9 Distribution in the United States ii Relation to Host Conditions 12 Present Situation and Future Prospects in Connecticut 12 Work Done in Connecticut 13 Work Done by Other States 14 Historical 15 Range and Conditions of Growth 15 Character of Wood and Utilization 16 Mill Practice
![. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Plants. SECTION 17.] PTERIPOPHYTES. 157 side and discharge a great number of green spores of a size Urge enough to be well seen by a hand-glass. The spores arc aided in their discharge 494 v... and dissemination by four club-shaped threads attached to one part of them. These are hygrometric : when moist they arc rolled up over the spore ; when dry they straighten, and exhibit lively movements, closing over the spore when breathed upon, and unrolling promptly a moment after as they dry. (See Fig. 493-493.) 4S6. Ferns, or Filices, a most at Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RCR9B0/the-elements-of-botany-for-beginners-and-for-schools-plants-section-17-pteripophytes-157-side-and-discharge-a-great-number-of-green-spores-of-a-size-urge-enough-to-be-well-seen-by-a-hand-glass-the-spores-arc-aided-in-their-discharge-494-v-and-dissemination-by-four-club-shaped-threads-attached-to-one-part-of-them-these-are-hygrometric-when-moist-they-arc-rolled-up-over-the-spore-when-dry-they-straighten-and-exhibit-lively-movements-closing-over-the-spore-when-breathed-upon-and-unrolling-promptly-a-moment-after-as-they-dry-see-fig-493-493-4s6-ferns-or-filices-a-most-at-RCR9B0.jpg ". The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Plants. SECTION 17.] PTERIPOPHYTES. 157 side and discharge a great number of green spores of a size Urge enough to be well seen by a hand-glass. The spores arc aided in their discharge 494 v... and dissemination by four club-shaped threads attached to one part of them. These are hygrometric : when moist they arc rolled up over the spore ; when dry they straighten, and exhibit lively movements, closing over the spore when breathed upon, and unrolling promptly a moment after as they dry. (See Fig. 493-493.) 4S6. Ferns, or Filices, a most at Stock Photo")
RMRCR9B0–. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Plants. SECTION 17.] PTERIPOPHYTES. 157 side and discharge a great number of green spores of a size Urge enough to be well seen by a hand-glass. The spores arc aided in their discharge 494 v... and dissemination by four club-shaped threads attached to one part of them. These are hygrometric : when moist they arc rolled up over the spore ; when dry they straighten, and exhibit lively movements, closing over the spore when breathed upon, and unrolling promptly a moment after as they dry. (See Fig. 493-493.) 4S6. Ferns, or Filices, a most at
![. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. SECTION 17.] PTERIDOPHYTES. 157 side and discharge a great number of green spores of a size large enough to be â well seen by a hand-glass. The spores are aided in their discharge 494. 499 and dissemination by four club-shaped threads attached to one part of them. These are hygrometric: when moist they are rolled up over the spore ; when dry they straighten, and exhibit lively movements, closing over the spore when breathed upon, and unrolHug promptly a moment after as they dry. (See Fig. 493-498.) 4S6. Ferns, or Filices, a most a Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RCR0DG/the-elements-of-botany-for-beginners-and-for-schools-botany-section-17-pteridophytes-157-side-and-discharge-a-great-number-of-green-spores-of-a-size-large-enough-to-be-well-seen-by-a-hand-glass-the-spores-are-aided-in-their-discharge-494-499-and-dissemination-by-four-club-shaped-threads-attached-to-one-part-of-them-these-are-hygrometric-when-moist-they-are-rolled-up-over-the-spore-when-dry-they-straighten-and-exhibit-lively-movements-closing-over-the-spore-when-breathed-upon-and-unrolhug-promptly-a-moment-after-as-they-dry-see-fig-493-498-4s6-ferns-or-filices-a-most-a-RCR0DG.jpg ". The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. SECTION 17.] PTERIDOPHYTES. 157 side and discharge a great number of green spores of a size large enough to be â well seen by a hand-glass. The spores are aided in their discharge 494. 499 and dissemination by four club-shaped threads attached to one part of them. These are hygrometric: when moist they are rolled up over the spore ; when dry they straighten, and exhibit lively movements, closing over the spore when breathed upon, and unrolHug promptly a moment after as they dry. (See Fig. 493-498.) 4S6. Ferns, or Filices, a most a Stock Photo")
RMRCR0DG–. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. SECTION 17.] PTERIDOPHYTES. 157 side and discharge a great number of green spores of a size large enough to be â well seen by a hand-glass. The spores are aided in their discharge 494. 499 and dissemination by four club-shaped threads attached to one part of them. These are hygrometric: when moist they are rolled up over the spore ; when dry they straighten, and exhibit lively movements, closing over the spore when breathed upon, and unrolHug promptly a moment after as they dry. (See Fig. 493-498.) 4S6. Ferns, or Filices, a most a
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