Sporidia Stock Photos and Images

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. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. 78 FUNGI. hymeuium soon becomes exposed. In some instances, there is a close affinity with the Elvellacei, the exposed hymenium being similar in structure, but in all the disc is at first closed. In orbicular forms, the fissure takes place in a stellate manner from the centre, and the teeth are reflexed. In the Hysteriacei, where the perithecia are elongated, the fissure takes place throughout their length. As a rule, the sporidia are more elongated, more commonly septate, and more usually coloured, than in JSlvellacei. Only a few solitary in Stock Photo

RMRE1GKD–. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. 78 FUNGI. hymeuium soon becomes exposed. In some instances, there is a close affinity with the Elvellacei, the exposed hymenium being similar in structure, but in all the disc is at first closed. In orbicular forms, the fissure takes place in a stellate manner from the centre, and the teeth are reflexed. In the Hysteriacei, where the perithecia are elongated, the fissure takes place throughout their length. As a rule, the sporidia are more elongated, more commonly septate, and more usually coloured, than in JSlvellacei. Only a few solitary in

. Botany for high schools. Botany. FUNGI: THE SMUT FUNGI 277. Fig. 239. Com smut (Ustilago zeae), affected ear, stalk, and blades. down between the young blades at the end of a growing corn stalk they germinate, producing a germ tube which enters the tissues of the corn plant and about six or eight weeks later produces the smut masses again. The infection is local in the case of the corn smut, any of the em- bryonic tissues of the corn being sus- ceptible if the germinating sporidia are present. The infection which produces the smut at the lower joints of the stalk takes place earlier than tha Stock Photo

RMRH93ME–. Botany for high schools. Botany. FUNGI: THE SMUT FUNGI 277. Fig. 239. Com smut (Ustilago zeae), affected ear, stalk, and blades. down between the young blades at the end of a growing corn stalk they germinate, producing a germ tube which enters the tissues of the corn plant and about six or eight weeks later produces the smut masses again. The infection is local in the case of the corn smut, any of the em- bryonic tissues of the corn being sus- ceptible if the germinating sporidia are present. The infection which produces the smut at the lower joints of the stalk takes place earlier than tha

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 301 The chlamydospores may be simple or compound, fertile or in part sterile and are variously shaped and marked as described in the genera below. The chlamydospores may germinate at once or after a more or less protracted rest interval. In germination in water or nutrient solution (manure water, etc.) a short tube is protruded, the pro- mycelium, this differing in character in the two families, Figs. 217, 231. From the promycelium of most species there develop conidia, (often called sporidia) 1- Stock Photo

RMRDDAP5–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 301 The chlamydospores may be simple or compound, fertile or in part sterile and are variously shaped and marked as described in the genera below. The chlamydospores may germinate at once or after a more or less protracted rest interval. In germination in water or nutrient solution (manure water, etc.) a short tube is protruded, the pro- mycelium, this differing in character in the two families, Figs. 217, 231. From the promycelium of most species there develop conidia, (often called sporidia) 1-

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 304 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE and was called U. avense in 1591. The species of Ustilago on oats, wheat and barley were considered identical until Jensen' showed that they are not intercommunicable. Wolff* showed that seedlings can be infected through the first sheath leaf. Brefeld' studying infection more closely found it to be accompKshed by germ tubes from sporidia and that plants are free from infection after the growing leaves have pushed one centimeter through the sheath leaf. The mycelitma, after infec- tion, grows Stock Photo

RMRDDANR–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 304 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE and was called U. avense in 1591. The species of Ustilago on oats, wheat and barley were considered identical until Jensen' showed that they are not intercommunicable. Wolff* showed that seedlings can be infected through the first sheath leaf. Brefeld' studying infection more closely found it to be accompKshed by germ tubes from sporidia and that plants are free from infection after the growing leaves have pushed one centimeter through the sheath leaf. The mycelitma, after infec- tion, grows

. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. 14 BULLETIN 957, U. S. DEPAETMBNT OF AGRICULTURE. wounded. At this stage slugs ate the infected bark and prevented further development of the fungus. In 1916 and in 1917, 150 seciospore inoculations were made on leaves, on twigs of various ages, and on branches of P. strohus trees up to six years. No infections have resulted. Clinton and Miss McCormick (14, 15), have published details of successful inoculations, through the leaves, with sporidia on P. strohus. Inoculations were unsuccessful upon leaves of P. excelsa, P Stock Photo

RMRGB84X–. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. 14 BULLETIN 957, U. S. DEPAETMBNT OF AGRICULTURE. wounded. At this stage slugs ate the infected bark and prevented further development of the fungus. In 1916 and in 1917, 150 seciospore inoculations were made on leaves, on twigs of various ages, and on branches of P. strohus trees up to six years. No infections have resulted. Clinton and Miss McCormick (14, 15), have published details of successful inoculations, through the leaves, with sporidia on P. strohus. Inoculations were unsuccessful upon leaves of P. excelsa, P

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. 'H'^.—Tilletia caries, d, transverse section of an infected wheat-grain ; e, ripe spore ; /, the fir^t stage of germination ; g, tlie formation of a branching promyce- lium, with granular protoplasm in its upper end; h, the formation of slender branches which unite by a kind of conjugation ; the ends of these branches give rise somewhat later to very small sporidia, and when the.-e germinate very slender hy- phse are produced, which penetrate the epidermis as at i ; Tc'^ mycelium from the young ovary of the wheat—two small lateral branches a Stock Photo

RMRH93N2–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. 'H'^.—Tilletia caries, d, transverse section of an infected wheat-grain ; e, ripe spore ; /, the fir^t stage of germination ; g, tlie formation of a branching promyce- lium, with granular protoplasm in its upper end; h, the formation of slender branches which unite by a kind of conjugation ; the ends of these branches give rise somewhat later to very small sporidia, and when the.-e germinate very slender hy- phse are produced, which penetrate the epidermis as at i ; Tc'^ mycelium from the young ovary of the wheat—two small lateral branches a

. Textbook of botany. Botany. THE WHEAT RUST killed. The winter spores of the rust are formed within the cedar apple. In the spring the inner part of the cedar apple becomes soft and sends out finger-like masses of jelly in which the winter spores germinate (Fig. 31). The small plants that grow from the winter spores bear sporidia within and on the surface of the jelly. The sporidia are distributed by the wind. If they fall upon leaves, flowers, young fruits, or twigs of the apple, « they produce an infec- ^ tion. In a few weeks, cluster cups begin to appear, mostly on the leaves but sometimes Stock Photo

RMRDTW9M–. Textbook of botany. Botany. THE WHEAT RUST killed. The winter spores of the rust are formed within the cedar apple. In the spring the inner part of the cedar apple becomes soft and sends out finger-like masses of jelly in which the winter spores germinate (Fig. 31). The small plants that grow from the winter spores bear sporidia within and on the surface of the jelly. The sporidia are distributed by the wind. If they fall upon leaves, flowers, young fruits, or twigs of the apple, « they produce an infec- ^ tion. In a few weeks, cluster cups begin to appear, mostly on the leaves but sometimes

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. FIG. 81. a and b Entyloma Calendulae. a mycelial filament with two young resting-spores. * resting-spore germinating; the front pair of primary sporidia in the whorl shows conjugation at the base, c and d Entyloma Ungerianum, DeBary. cagerminatingresting-spore; four primary sporidia conjugating by pairs at their apices, d the same specimen seven hours later ; commencement of the abjointing of a secondary sporidium (gonidium) on each pair. Magn. 600 times. FlG. 82. Development Stock Photo

RMREFBTA–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. FIG. 81. a and b Entyloma Calendulae. a mycelial filament with two young resting-spores. * resting-spore germinating; the front pair of primary sporidia in the whorl shows conjugation at the base, c and d Entyloma Ungerianum, DeBary. cagerminatingresting-spore; four primary sporidia conjugating by pairs at their apices, d the same specimen seven hours later ; commencement of the abjointing of a secondary sporidium (gonidium) on each pair. Magn. 600 times. FlG. 82. Development

. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. Fjg. 71.—Sporidia of Masiaria fcedaiis. X 400. Fig. 72.- -Sporidiiira of Melanconis bicomiSf Cooke. in Melanconis Berheleii, and an allied species, Melanconis hicornis, from the United States, also some dung Sphmrice, as 8. fimiseda, included under the proposed genus Sordaria* Hyaline sporidia occasionally exhibit a delicate bristle-like appendage at each extremity, as in the Valsa tlielebola, or with two additional cilia at the central constriction, as in Valsa ialeola. A peculiar form Kg. 73.—Caudate sporidia of Spharia .Amiseda. Fia. 74.—S Stock Photo

RMRE1GHH–. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. Fjg. 71.—Sporidia of Masiaria fcedaiis. X 400. Fig. 72.- -Sporidiiira of Melanconis bicomiSf Cooke. in Melanconis Berheleii, and an allied species, Melanconis hicornis, from the United States, also some dung Sphmrice, as 8. fimiseda, included under the proposed genus Sordaria* Hyaline sporidia occasionally exhibit a delicate bristle-like appendage at each extremity, as in the Valsa tlielebola, or with two additional cilia at the central constriction, as in Valsa ialeola. A peculiar form Kg. 73.—Caudate sporidia of Spharia .Amiseda. Fia. 74.—S

. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 159. Germinating uredospore of wheat rust. (After Marshall- Ward.) Fig. 160. Germ tube entering the leaf through a stoma.. Fig. 101. Teleutospore germi- nating, forming promy- celium. Figs. 161-163 Fig. 162. Promycelium of ger. minating teleutospore, forming sporidia. â Puccinia graminis (wheat rust) Fig. 163. Germinating sporidia entering leai of barberry by mycelium. (After Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrati Stock Photo

RMRE0P6J–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 159. Germinating uredospore of wheat rust. (After Marshall- Ward.) Fig. 160. Germ tube entering the leaf through a stoma.. Fig. 101. Teleutospore germi- nating, forming promy- celium. Figs. 161-163 Fig. 162. Promycelium of ger. minating teleutospore, forming sporidia. â Puccinia graminis (wheat rust) Fig. 163. Germinating sporidia entering leai of barberry by mycelium. (After Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrati

. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 167.âTitletia tHtici. A, Two spores germinated in moist air; a short promycelium is developed, and bears a crown of conidia (sporidia), several of which have fused in pairs. Fushion of conidia, germination, and development of a secondary conldiura, C, are also shown. B, Two spores germinated in water with promycelia which elongate till the water surface is reached, where they form sporidia; the â r, ,,.Â« â¢-,, Stock Photo

RMRDD80F–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 167.âTitletia tHtici. A, Two spores germinated in moist air; a short promycelium is developed, and bears a crown of conidia (sporidia), several of which have fused in pairs. Fushion of conidia, germination, and development of a secondary conldiura, C, are also shown. B, Two spores germinated in water with promycelia which elongate till the water surface is reached, where they form sporidia; the â r, ,,.Â« â¢-,,

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. a84 DIVISION II.^COVRSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. without a winter's rest. The further development of the sporidia abscised from the promycelium is perfectly known, at least in L. Dianthi, L. Malvacearum, and L. Circaeae; the germ-tubes from the sporidia penetrate at once into the proper host, either through the wall of an epidermal cell, as in L. Malvacearum, or through a stoma, as in L. Dianthi, and develope a mycelium which again produces only teleuto- spores. Aecid Stock Photo

RMRDEABJ–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. a84 DIVISION II.^COVRSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. without a winter's rest. The further development of the sporidia abscised from the promycelium is perfectly known, at least in L. Dianthi, L. Malvacearum, and L. Circaeae; the germ-tubes from the sporidia penetrate at once into the proper host, either through the wall of an epidermal cell, as in L. Malvacearum, or through a stoma, as in L. Dianthi, and develope a mycelium which again produces only teleuto- spores. Aecid

. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. h I c /d Fig. 147. Ustilago Scabiosae Sow.; development of basidium; after Harper. least two divisions; the basidium in turn produces a number of uninucleate sporidia or basidiospores. The basidium may be unicellular, giving rise to a bunch of basidiospores at its apex (Tilletia (fig. %d)), or multicellular, usually four-celled, producing one or more basidiospores from each cell (Us- tilago (fig. 147 e)). The nucleus of the parent cell does not travel into the basidiospore but divides, sending one daughter nucleus into the spore, whi Stock Photo

RMRDX109–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. h I c /d Fig. 147. Ustilago Scabiosae Sow.; development of basidium; after Harper. least two divisions; the basidium in turn produces a number of uninucleate sporidia or basidiospores. The basidium may be unicellular, giving rise to a bunch of basidiospores at its apex (Tilletia (fig. %d)), or multicellular, usually four-celled, producing one or more basidiospores from each cell (Us- tilago (fig. 147 e)). The nucleus of the parent cell does not travel into the basidiospore but divides, sending one daughter nucleus into the spore, whi

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. Fig. 81. a and b Entyloma Caleiidtilae. a mycelial fUament with two young resting-spores, b resting-spore genninating; the front pair of primary sporidia in the whorl shows conjugation at the base, c and d Entyioma Ungeriaftunt, De Bary. ragenninatingresting-spore; four primary sporidia conjugating by paiis at their apices, cf the same specimen seven houis later; commencement of the abjointiag of a secondary sporidium (gonidium) on each pair, Magn. 600 times. Fig. 82. Stock Photo

RMRDBTJT–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. Fig. 81. a and b Entyloma Caleiidtilae. a mycelial fUament with two young resting-spores, b resting-spore genninating; the front pair of primary sporidia in the whorl shows conjugation at the base, c and d Entyioma Ungeriaftunt, De Bary. ragenninatingresting-spore; four primary sporidia conjugating by paiis at their apices, cf the same specimen seven houis later; commencement of the abjointiag of a secondary sporidium (gonidium) on each pair, Magn. 600 times. Fig. 82.

. Beginners' botany. Botany. each producing a short branch with a little spo- ridiinn, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the life history of the wheat rust is the fact that the my- celium produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no bar- berry bushes are in the neighborhood the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leaves. These are called cecidio Stock Photo

RMRHYJ7P–. Beginners' botany. Botany. each producing a short branch with a little spo- ridiinn, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the life history of the wheat rust is the fact that the my- celium produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no bar- berry bushes are in the neighborhood the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leaves. These are called cecidio

. Fungi; their nature and uses. Fungi. THE SPORE AND ITS DISSEMINATION. 135 posed, in which the sporidium (as in Perisporium vulgare) consists of four coloured ovate joints, which ultimately separate. Multiseptate fenestrate sporidia are not uncommon in Oueurhi- m f Pio. 75.—Sporidia of Fio. 76.—Spori- Fia. 77 Valsa taltola. x 400. dium of Sporormia intermedia. taria and Pleospora, as well as in Valsa fenestrata and some other species. In the North American Sphwria putaminum the sporidia are extraordinarily large. The dissemination of the sporidia may, from identity of structure in the perithe Stock Photo

RMRDHRYX–. Fungi; their nature and uses. Fungi. THE SPORE AND ITS DISSEMINATION. 135 posed, in which the sporidium (as in Perisporium vulgare) consists of four coloured ovate joints, which ultimately separate. Multiseptate fenestrate sporidia are not uncommon in Oueurhi- m f Pio. 75.—Sporidia of Fio. 76.—Spori- Fia. 77 Valsa taltola. x 400. dium of Sporormia intermedia. taria and Pleospora, as well as in Valsa fenestrata and some other species. In the North American Sphwria putaminum the sporidia are extraordinarily large. The dissemination of the sporidia may, from identity of structure in the perithe

. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. TIIALLiiI'IIYTES; FUXGI 283 appc'iir : (1) ."porii/ia, wliicli develop the stage on tlie liarber- ry ; (-2) (tcididsjiD/Ts, which deveh>p the stage on the vheat ; (3) liredospures, which rejieat the iiiyceliuni on tlie wlieat; (4) teIcutu><2Mrt:s,'^ic hist througli the "winter, and in the spring produce the stage bearing sporidia. It shoukl be said that tliere are otlier spores of this plant produced on the barberry (Fig. 53), but they are too uncertain to bo included here. The barberry is not absolutely necessary to this l Stock Photo

RMRDHG85–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. TIIALLiiI'IIYTES; FUXGI 283 appc'iir : (1) ."porii/ia, wliicli develop the stage on tlie liarber- ry ; (-2) (tcididsjiD/Ts, which deveh>p the stage on the vheat ; (3) liredospures, which rejieat the iiiyceliuni on tlie wlieat; (4) teIcutu><2Mrt:s,'^ic hist througli the "winter, and in the spring produce the stage bearing sporidia. It shoukl be said that tliere are otlier spores of this plant produced on the barberry (Fig. 53), but they are too uncertain to bo included here. The barberry is not absolutely necessary to this l

. Agricultural plant pest control : a study manual for commercial and governmental pesticide applicators . Weeds; Pests. Mycelium reaches and follows growing point of '. [,. plant Secondary sporidium germinates Mycelium pen- Dikaryotic mycelium f^^^' ^^^^Img from secondary ^^^^^^^V ^"'^ g™^^ sporidium attacks between cells wheat seedling. Uninucleate primary sporidia y Basidium Germinating teliospore Zygote Teliospores on prminating wheat kernel Smutted kernels break upon harvest and contaminate healthy wheat kernels Healthy wheat head w, /i' K.CII1C1 Hn ..'It C0# Intercellular mycelium Stock Photo

RMRR1F0J–. Agricultural plant pest control : a study manual for commercial and governmental pesticide applicators . Weeds; Pests. Mycelium reaches and follows growing point of '. [,. plant Secondary sporidium germinates Mycelium pen- Dikaryotic mycelium f^^^' ^^^^Img from secondary ^^^^^^^V ^"'^ g™^^ sporidium attacks between cells wheat seedling. Uninucleate primary sporidia y Basidium Germinating teliospore Zygote Teliospores on prminating wheat kernel Smutted kernels break upon harvest and contaminate healthy wheat kernels Healthy wheat head w, /i' K.CII1C1 Hn ..'It C0# Intercellular mycelium

. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. THE SPORE AXD ITS DISSEMINATION. 135 posed, in wliich the aporidium (as in Perisporiuin vulyare) consists of four coloured ovate joints, which ultimately separate. Multiseptate fenestrate sporidia are not uncommon in Oucurhi- fo (0) Fig. Y5.-Spo]idia o£ VoXsd tateola. X 400. Fig. 76.—Spori- dhim of Sijororinia intermedia. Fig. 7T V taria and Ple.ospora, as well as in Valsa fenestrata and some other species. In the North American SphcBria putaminum the sporidia are extraordinarily large. The dissemination of the sporidia may, from identity of Stock Photo

RMRE1GHF–. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. THE SPORE AXD ITS DISSEMINATION. 135 posed, in wliich the aporidium (as in Perisporiuin vulyare) consists of four coloured ovate joints, which ultimately separate. Multiseptate fenestrate sporidia are not uncommon in Oucurhi- fo (0) Fig. Y5.-Spo]idia o£ VoXsd tateola. X 400. Fig. 76.—Spori- dhim of Sijororinia intermedia. Fig. 7T V taria and Ple.ospora, as well as in Valsa fenestrata and some other species. In the North American SphcBria putaminum the sporidia are extraordinarily large. The dissemination of the sporidia may, from identity of

$. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 38:;, Sporidia, or carpospores, of Puccinia, germinating on tine epidermis of a Barberry leaf, and putting out gerrn-tubes, which bore through the cell-walls. Very highlv magnified. (.A^fter Mar5hall Ward.) infection was first made by De Bary in 1864. He found that the carpospores easily shed from the sterigmata germinate to form a germ-tube, which can directly penetrate the epidermal wall of the Barberry (Fig. 382). This initiates the second phase, and as the. Fig. 3S3. "ertical section through a patch of aecidia {cc) and spenuogonia (5) on the Stock Photo$

RMRDY5YB–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 38:;, Sporidia, or carpospores, of Puccinia, germinating on tine epidermis of a Barberry leaf, and putting out gerrn-tubes, which bore through the cell-walls. Very highlv magnified. (.A^fter Mar5hall Ward.) infection was first made by De Bary in 1864. He found that the carpospores easily shed from the sterigmata germinate to form a germ-tube, which can directly penetrate the epidermal wall of the Barberry (Fig. 382). This initiates the second phase, and as the. Fig. 3S3. "ertical section through a patch of aecidia {cc) and spenuogonia (5) on the

$. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. UBEDINE^E. 313 walled bodies {teleutosi^ores,'^ or pseudo-spores), which are one, two, three, or many-celled (Fig. 216, ///., t). Like the uredospores, the teleutospores are produced beneath the. Fig. 217.—Pwccinia graminis. A, germinating teleutospore, t, witli promycelium forming the sporidia, sp. B, similar promycelium, witli sporidia. C, a sporidium, sp, germinating on a jjiece of the under side of a leaf of the Barberry, the mycelium, i, penetrating the epidermis. D, a germinating uredospore, u, fourteen hours after being placed on the leaf Stock Photo$

RMRH8XGB–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. UBEDINE^E. 313 walled bodies {teleutosi^ores,'^ or pseudo-spores), which are one, two, three, or many-celled (Fig. 216, ///., t). Like the uredospores, the teleutospores are produced beneath the. Fig. 217.—Pwccinia graminis. A, germinating teleutospore, t, witli promycelium forming the sporidia, sp. B, similar promycelium, witli sporidia. C, a sporidium, sp, germinating on a jjiece of the under side of a leaf of the Barberry, the mycelium, i, penetrating the epidermis. D, a germinating uredospore, u, fourteen hours after being placed on the leaf

. Beginners botany. Botany. STUDIES IN CRYPTOGAMS 193 each producing a short branch with a httle spo- ridiiim, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the hfe history of the wheat rust is the fact tliat the my- cehum produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no. bar- berry bushes are in the neighbonrhooil the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leaves Stock Photo

RMRHYK9X–. Beginners botany. Botany. STUDIES IN CRYPTOGAMS 193 each producing a short branch with a httle spo- ridiiim, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the hfe history of the wheat rust is the fact tliat the my- cehum produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no. bar- berry bushes are in the neighbonrhooil the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leaves

. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 382. Sporidia, or carpospores, of Puccinia, germinating on the epidermis of a Barberry leaf, and putting out germ-tubes, which bore through the cell-walis. itv hiehlv magnified. (After Marshall Ward.) infection was first made by De Bary in 1864. He found that the carpospores easily shed from the sterigmata germinate to form a germ-tube, which can directly penetrate the epidermal wall of the Barberry (Fig. 382), This initiates the second phase, and as the. 1 Fig. 3«3- Vertical section through a patch of aecidia (cr) and sponnogouia (j) on the Barberry Stock Photo

RMRH8DJW–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 382. Sporidia, or carpospores, of Puccinia, germinating on the epidermis of a Barberry leaf, and putting out germ-tubes, which bore through the cell-walis. itv hiehlv magnified. (After Marshall Ward.) infection was first made by De Bary in 1864. He found that the carpospores easily shed from the sterigmata germinate to form a germ-tube, which can directly penetrate the epidermal wall of the Barberry (Fig. 382), This initiates the second phase, and as the. 1 Fig. 3«3- Vertical section through a patch of aecidia (cr) and sponnogouia (j) on the Barberry

RMRDED2M–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 390 UREDINEAE. In May or June the cushions swell up and become large brownish-yellow gelatinous clumps, dotted over with dark points, the teleutospores. Promycelia arise from one or more germ- pores in each spore, and give off basidia with sporidia (basidio-. FiG. 224.—Aecidia and Pycnidia of various species of Gyninosporangium : G. tremetloides—1 and S, aecidia on leaf of Pyrvs Ai-ia ; 5 and 6, aecidia on leaf of P

. Agricultural plant pest control : a study manual for commercial and governmental pesticide applicators . Weeds; Pests. Uninucleate primary sporidia y Basidium Germinating teliospore Zygote Teliospores on prminating wheat kernel Smutted kernels break upon harvest and contaminate healthy wheat kernels Healthy wheat head w, /i' K.CII1C1 Hn ..'It C0# Intercellular mycelium Mycelium grows through spike and into wheat kernels Mycelium becomes intracellular in kernels Mycelia cells are transformed into telipspores Figure 1-4. Disease cycle of bunt smut of wheat.. Please note that these images are e Stock Photo

RMRR1F02–. Agricultural plant pest control : a study manual for commercial and governmental pesticide applicators . Weeds; Pests. Uninucleate primary sporidia y Basidium Germinating teliospore Zygote Teliospores on prminating wheat kernel Smutted kernels break upon harvest and contaminate healthy wheat kernels Healthy wheat head w, /i' K.CII1C1 Hn ..'It C0# Intercellular mycelium Mycelium grows through spike and into wheat kernels Mycelium becomes intracellular in kernels Mycelia cells are transformed into telipspores Figure 1-4. Disease cycle of bunt smut of wheat.. Please note that these images are e

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. 234.—M/Mia cmies. d, transverse section of an infected wheat-grain ; e, ripe spore ; /, the first stage of germination ; g, the formation of a branching promyce- iium, witti granular protoplasm in its upper end ; A, the formation of slender branches which unite by a lilrid of conjugation ; the ends of these branches give rise somewhat later tcf very small sporidia, and when thete germinate very sleudt r hy- phse are produced, which peueirate the epidermis as at i; f, mycelium from the young ovary of the wheat—two small lateral branches are s Stock Photo

RMRDW9N8–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. 234.—M/Mia cmies. d, transverse section of an infected wheat-grain ; e, ripe spore ; /, the first stage of germination ; g, the formation of a branching promyce- iium, witti granular protoplasm in its upper end ; A, the formation of slender branches which unite by a lilrid of conjugation ; the ends of these branches give rise somewhat later tcf very small sporidia, and when thete germinate very sleudt r hy- phse are produced, which peueirate the epidermis as at i; f, mycelium from the young ovary of the wheat—two small lateral branches are s

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. UBEDINB^. 313 â walled bodies (teleutospores,* or pseudo-spores), which are one, two, three, or many-celled (Fig. 316, III., t). Like the uredospores, the teleutospores are produced beneath the. Fig. 217.âIhKdinia graminis. A, germinating teleutosporc, t^ with promyceliuni forming the sporidia. sp. B. similar promyceliuni, with sporidia. C, a sporidium, ^p, germinating on a piece of the under side of a leaf of the Barberry, the mycelium, i, penetrating the epidermis. D, a terminating uredospore, u, fourteen hours alter being placed on the leaf of Stock Photo

RMRDWA96–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. UBEDINB^. 313 â walled bodies (teleutospores,* or pseudo-spores), which are one, two, three, or many-celled (Fig. 316, III., t). Like the uredospores, the teleutospores are produced beneath the. Fig. 217.âIhKdinia graminis. A, germinating teleutosporc, t^ with promyceliuni forming the sporidia. sp. B. similar promyceliuni, with sporidia. C, a sporidium, ^p, germinating on a piece of the under side of a leaf of the Barberry, the mycelium, i, penetrating the epidermis. D, a terminating uredospore, u, fourteen hours alter being placed on the leaf of

. Introduction to cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. Fig. 64. a. Fulcra and asous, -with sporidia of Uiicinvla spiralis, Berk, and Curt. b. Peritliecium, with its numerous fulcra and ascus, of Erysiphe densa, Berk, and Curt. c. Ditto of Microsphcera semitosta, Berk, and Curt. d. Fiilcra of Uncinula adunca, L6v. e. Ditto of Microsphcera Mougeotii, L6v. All more or less magnified. From specimens communicated from tiie United States, by Eev. M. A. Curtis. 3. Sph^riacei, Ft. Perithecia free or immersed in a woody or variously consti- tuted stroma, opening by a distinct punctiform or short linear aper Stock Photo

RMRE3MCG–. Introduction to cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. Fig. 64. a. Fulcra and asous, -with sporidia of Uiicinvla spiralis, Berk, and Curt. b. Peritliecium, with its numerous fulcra and ascus, of Erysiphe densa, Berk, and Curt. c. Ditto of Microsphcera semitosta, Berk, and Curt. d. Fiilcra of Uncinula adunca, L6v. e. Ditto of Microsphcera Mougeotii, L6v. All more or less magnified. From specimens communicated from tiie United States, by Eev. M. A. Curtis. 3. Sph^riacei, Ft. Perithecia free or immersed in a woody or variously consti- tuted stroma, opening by a distinct punctiform or short linear aper

. Botany for high schools. Botany. FUNGI: THE RUST FUNGI 285 cells into the barberry leaf, and starts thie cluster-cup stage again, thus completing the life cycle.. Fig. 260. Fig. 261. Fig. 262. Teleutospore germinating, Promycelium of germinat- Germinating sporidia enter- forming promycelium. ing teleutospore, forming ing leaf of barberry by my- sporidia. celium. Figs. 260-262. Puccinia graminis (wheat rust). (After Marshall-Ward.) jiira ! 451^ Races of the wheat rust.—There are some peculiarities : in the life of the wheat rust, which as stated above occurs on oats, irx 'barley, rye, and man Stock Photo

RMRH93CK–. Botany for high schools. Botany. FUNGI: THE RUST FUNGI 285 cells into the barberry leaf, and starts thie cluster-cup stage again, thus completing the life cycle.. Fig. 260. Fig. 261. Fig. 262. Teleutospore germinating, Promycelium of germinat- Germinating sporidia enter- forming promycelium. ing teleutospore, forming ing leaf of barberry by my- sporidia. celium. Figs. 260-262. Puccinia graminis (wheat rust). (After Marshall-Ward.) jiira ! 451^ Races of the wheat rust.—There are some peculiarities : in the life of the wheat rust, which as stated above occurs on oats, irx 'barley, rye, and man

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. UBEDINE^^. 313 walled bodies [teleutospores,* or pseudo-spores), which are one, two, three, or many-celled (Fig. 216, ///., t). Like the uredospores, the teleutospores are produced beneath the. Fig. iVl.—Pucdnia graminis. A, germinating teleutospore, *, witti promycelium forming tlie sporidia. sp. B, similar promycelium, with sporidia. C, a sporidium, ep germinating on a piece of the under side of a leaf of the Barberry, the rayoelium, i penetrating the epidermis. D, a aerminating uredospore,«, fourteen hours alter being placed on the leaf of a g Stock Photo

RMRDW9PG–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. UBEDINE^^. 313 walled bodies [teleutospores,* or pseudo-spores), which are one, two, three, or many-celled (Fig. 216, ///., t). Like the uredospores, the teleutospores are produced beneath the. Fig. iVl.—Pucdnia graminis. A, germinating teleutospore, *, witti promycelium forming tlie sporidia. sp. B, similar promycelium, with sporidia. C, a sporidium, ep germinating on a piece of the under side of a leaf of the Barberry, the rayoelium, i penetrating the epidermis. D, a aerminating uredospore,«, fourteen hours alter being placed on the leaf of a g

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. FIG. 128. Pucciniagraminis. .-/ a pair of teleutospores/germinating with pro mycelium and sporidia sp. /â >' a promycelium with sporidia sj> torn from the spore. C epidermis of the under surface of the leaf of Berberis vulgaris with a germinating sporidium sf, tin- germ-tube from which has penetrated at 1 into an epidermal cell. l'ispore putting out a germ-tube fourteen hours after being placed on v atn the empty spore-membrane. C, D magn. 390 times, A, B somewhat more Stock Photo

RMREE50P–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. FIG. 128. Pucciniagraminis. .-/ a pair of teleutospores/germinating with pro mycelium and sporidia sp. /â >' a promycelium with sporidia sj> torn from the spore. C epidermis of the under surface of the leaf of Berberis vulgaris with a germinating sporidium sf, tin- germ-tube from which has penetrated at 1 into an epidermal cell. l'ispore putting out a germ-tube fourteen hours after being placed on v atn the empty spore-membrane. C, D magn. 390 times, A, B somewhat more

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. 234.—TiUetia caries, d, transverse section of an infected wheat-^rain ; e, ripe spore ; /, tlie iir^t stage of germination ; g, the formation of a brandling promyce- lium, with granular protoplaem in its upper end ; A, ihe formation of slender branches winch unite by a Ijind of conjugation ; the ends of these branches give rise somewhat later to very small sporidia, and when thet-e germinate very slend' r hy- phfie are produced, which penetrate the epidermis as at i; k', mycelium from the young ovary of the wheat—two small lateral branches a Stock Photo

RMRDWA83–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. 234.—TiUetia caries, d, transverse section of an infected wheat-^rain ; e, ripe spore ; /, tlie iir^t stage of germination ; g, the formation of a brandling promyce- lium, with granular protoplaem in its upper end ; A, ihe formation of slender branches winch unite by a Ijind of conjugation ; the ends of these branches give rise somewhat later to very small sporidia, and when thet-e germinate very slend' r hy- phfie are produced, which penetrate the epidermis as at i; k', mycelium from the young ovary of the wheat—two small lateral branches a

. Beginners' botany. Botany. STUDIES IN CRYPTOGAMS 193. each producing a short branch with a little spo- ridiinn, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the life history of the wheat rust is the fact that the my- celium produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no bar- berry bushes are in the neighborhood the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leave Stock Photo

RMRHYJ85–. Beginners' botany. Botany. STUDIES IN CRYPTOGAMS 193. each producing a short branch with a little spo- ridiinn, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the life history of the wheat rust is the fact that the my- celium produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no bar- berry bushes are in the neighborhood the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leave

. Beginners' botany. Botany. STUDIES IN CRYPTOGAMS 193 each producing a short branch with a httle spo- ridium, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the life history of the wheat rust is the fact that the my- celium produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no-bar- berry bushes are in the neighborhood the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leaves. Stock Photo

RMRDA849–. Beginners' botany. Botany. STUDIES IN CRYPTOGAMS 193 each producing a short branch with a httle spo- ridium, s. A most remarkable circumstance in the life history of the wheat rust is the fact that the my- celium produced by the sporidium can live only in barberry leaves, and it follows that if no-bar- berry bushes are in the neighborhood the sporidia finally perish. Those which happen to lodge on a barberry bush germinate immediately, produc- ing a mycelium that enters the barberry leaf and grows within its tissues. Very soon the fungus produces a new kind of spores on the barberry leaves.

RMRDD72W–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 204.—Diseased stem of Vaccinium in a later stage than Fig. 203. In each epidermal cell (a, a) six mother-cells have been formed, each subdivided into four teleutospores. Promycelia (6) have developed from many of tbe latter, and are in process of abjointing ofE the sporidia from lateral sterigmata. X 420. (After R. Hartig.). Fig. 205.—Calypiospora Goeppertiana. Aecidia on the under surface of needles of Silver

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. FlC. iz8. Pucctnia ^ramittis. A a. pair of tdeutospores t germinating with pro- mycelium and sporidia sj>. B a promycelium with sporidia sp torn from the spore. C epidermis of the under surface of the ]ea£ of Berdert's vu^£-aris vnth a germinating sporidium sp, the germ-tube from which has penetrated at i into an epidermal cell. Jy uredospore putting out a germ-tube fourteen hours after being placed on water. Four equatorial germ-pores are seen on the empty spore-m Stock Photo

RMRDEABN–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. FlC. iz8. Pucctnia ^ramittis. A a. pair of tdeutospores t germinating with pro- mycelium and sporidia sj>. B a promycelium with sporidia sp torn from the spore. C epidermis of the under surface of the ]ea£ of Berdert's vu^£-aris vnth a germinating sporidium sp, the germ-tube from which has penetrated at i into an epidermal cell. Jy uredospore putting out a germ-tube fourteen hours after being placed on water. Four equatorial germ-pores are seen on the empty spore-m

. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 54. Onion Diseases. a. Downy mildew, b. mature conidiophore and conidia of Peronospora sckleideni, c. fertilization of the female oogomum by the male antheridium, d. oospore (a. to d. after Wh^tzd), e. onion smut, /, spore ball of the smut fungus, g. spore germina- tion, formation of sporidia at x, h. Vermicularia anthracnose, i. section through acervulis of Vermicidaria cirdnans, j. setae and spore formation in V. circinansXe. to g., *. and j". after Thaxter), k. pink root of onion, healthy and diseased bulbs, I. pirJc root o Stock Photo

RMRDEEXH–. Diseases of truck crops and their control . Vegetables. Fig. 54. Onion Diseases. a. Downy mildew, b. mature conidiophore and conidia of Peronospora sckleideni, c. fertilization of the female oogomum by the male antheridium, d. oospore (a. to d. after Wh^tzd), e. onion smut, /, spore ball of the smut fungus, g. spore germina- tion, formation of sporidia at x, h. Vermicularia anthracnose, i. section through acervulis of Vermicidaria cirdnans, j. setae and spore formation in V. circinansXe. to g., *. and j". after Thaxter), k. pink root of onion, healthy and diseased bulbs, I. pirJc root o

. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. 346 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES. Fig. 96. — Pacific Coast rust on pear-fruit. times witches'- brooms are formed; these may attain a diameter of two feet. Cause. The Pacific Coast rust fungus may properly be called Gymno sporangium Lihocedri. Sporidia developed from teliospores on the incense cedar are blown for a considerable distance to the pear and other pomaceous fruits, where they cause infection. Within a few days after the pear is inocu- lated by sporidia, spots become visi- ble on the affected organ as a result of infection. Within a month or less after Stock Photo

RMRDCX6K–. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. 346 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES. Fig. 96. — Pacific Coast rust on pear-fruit. times witches'- brooms are formed; these may attain a diameter of two feet. Cause. The Pacific Coast rust fungus may properly be called Gymno sporangium Lihocedri. Sporidia developed from teliospores on the incense cedar are blown for a considerable distance to the pear and other pomaceous fruits, where they cause infection. Within a few days after the pear is inocu- lated by sporidia, spots become visi- ble on the affected organ as a result of infection. Within a month or less after

. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. 14 BULLETIN" 957, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. wounded. At this stage slugs ate the infected bark and prevented further development of the fungus. In 1916 and in 1917, 150 geciospore inoculations were made on leaves, on twigs of various ages* and on branches of P. strobus trees up to six years. No infections have resulted. Clinton and Miss McCormick (14, 15), have published details of successful inoculations, through the leaves, with sporidia on P. strobus. Inoculations were Stock Photo

RMRG8TCE–. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C., 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. 14 BULLETIN" 957, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. wounded. At this stage slugs ate the infected bark and prevented further development of the fungus. In 1916 and in 1917, 150 geciospore inoculations were made on leaves, on twigs of various ages* and on branches of P. strobus trees up to six years. No infections have resulted. Clinton and Miss McCormick (14, 15), have published details of successful inoculations, through the leaves, with sporidia on P. strobus. Inoculations were

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 320 BOTANY. for many of the species. In all which have heen examined the spore sends out a promycelium, which is generally short and jointed, and upon this several sporidia are produced, much as in the Uredineae.* In Tilletia caries the promyce- lium produces a tuft of slender branches (Fig. 224, h), whichf !. Fig. 221. Fig. 222. Fig. 221.—Spore-formation in Ustilago Maydis. a, the end of a spore-forming hy- pha containing a row of young spores ; h, another spore-forming hypha, containing two young spores; c, a epore nearly ripe, still surrounded Stock Photo

RMRH93RH–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 320 BOTANY. for many of the species. In all which have heen examined the spore sends out a promycelium, which is generally short and jointed, and upon this several sporidia are produced, much as in the Uredineae.* In Tilletia caries the promyce- lium produces a tuft of slender branches (Fig. 224, h), whichf !. Fig. 221. Fig. 222. Fig. 221.—Spore-formation in Ustilago Maydis. a, the end of a spore-forming hy- pha containing a row of young spores ; h, another spore-forming hypha, containing two young spores; c, a epore nearly ripe, still surrounded

. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 159. Fig. 160. Germ tube entering the Germinating uredospore of wheat rust. (After Marshall- leaf through a stoma Ward.). Fig. 101. Teleutospore germi nating, forming promy- cerium. Fig. 162. Proinycelium of ger- minating teleutospore, forming sporidia. Fig. 163. Germinating sporidia entering leaf of barberry by mycelium. uiiiiiug piuiny- iiiiiiaiuig Liiicim p>|ii m 1:, ui uai uei ry uy mycelium, forming sporidia. Figs. 161-163.—Puccinia graminis (wheat rust). (After Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that Stock Photo

RMRDWG66–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 159. Fig. 160. Germ tube entering the Germinating uredospore of wheat rust. (After Marshall- leaf through a stoma Ward.). Fig. 101. Teleutospore germi nating, forming promy- cerium. Fig. 162. Proinycelium of ger- minating teleutospore, forming sporidia. Fig. 163. Germinating sporidia entering leaf of barberry by mycelium. uiiiiiug piuiny- iiiiiiaiuig Liiicim p>|ii m 1:, ui uai uei ry uy mycelium, forming sporidia. Figs. 161-163.—Puccinia graminis (wheat rust). (After Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that

. Das system der pilze und schwämme. Ein versuch. Fungi. l26 I ftod). '2Iwf Clättctn unb Bntiqtn, 6ie in bec g?5ff ju mobern onfangcn.' Sm J&«t6ffe Fig. >20. Columella Coluinella nulla. Didymium ^ / Diderma Sporidia Cionium 1 j Physarum coacervata Leangium / . > Leocarpus Columella nulla Granula I Trichia Cribraria Granula aoccisinspersa.l Arcyria. Dictydium. / coacervata.. •BH9uin|03. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resem Stock Photo

RMRD2BMK–. Das system der pilze und schwämme. Ein versuch. Fungi. l26 I ftod). '2Iwf Clättctn unb Bntiqtn, 6ie in bec g?5ff ju mobern onfangcn.' Sm J&«t6ffe Fig. >20. Columella Coluinella nulla. Didymium ^ / Diderma Sporidia Cionium 1 j Physarum coacervata Leangium / . > Leocarpus Columella nulla Granula I Trichia Cribraria Granula aoccisinspersa.l Arcyria. Dictydium. / coacervata.. •BH9uin|03. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resem

. Elements of plant biology. Plant physiology. LIFE HISTORY OF RUST FUNGI 179. on the surface, and the aggregation of protoplasm in the branched apex. X 475. C, single teleutospore. X 200. D, germination of teleutospore of another rust fungus and formation of sporidia. X 475. E, aecidium cup of another form in vertical section (crossrsection of leaf) ; myc, mycelium of the fungus; is, aecidio- spores; It., leaf tissue; ep., epidermis of leaf. (After De Bary.) X 150. F, germination of secidiospore on a grass leaf, penetration of a stoma by and branching of the germ tube. X 475. (All except E af Stock Photo

RMRDHNWP–. Elements of plant biology. Plant physiology. LIFE HISTORY OF RUST FUNGI 179. on the surface, and the aggregation of protoplasm in the branched apex. X 475. C, single teleutospore. X 200. D, germination of teleutospore of another rust fungus and formation of sporidia. X 475. E, aecidium cup of another form in vertical section (crossrsection of leaf) ; myc, mycelium of the fungus; is, aecidio- spores; It., leaf tissue; ep., epidermis of leaf. (After De Bary.) X 150. F, germination of secidiospore on a grass leaf, penetration of a stoma by and branching of the germ tube. X 475. (All except E af

. Annual report. Entomological Society of Ontario; Insect pests; Insects. Fisr. 12. Fig. 13. Fig. 9.—Twig with two scale insects. One of them killed by Cortyceps clavulata, having three sporo phores of the fungus. Fig. 10.—Head of one of the sporophores enlarged. Fig. 11.—Cross-section of head of sporophore showing the flask-like psrithecia greatly enlarged. These perithecia are filled with sacs as indicated at a. Fig. 12.—A sac or ascus containing eight sporidia still more highly enlarged. Fig. 13.—A sporidium or " seed " magnified 750 diameters. The fly-fungus, Bmpusa muscce, Cohn, Stock Photo

RMRMAK1B–. Annual report. Entomological Society of Ontario; Insect pests; Insects. Fisr. 12. Fig. 13. Fig. 9.—Twig with two scale insects. One of them killed by Cortyceps clavulata, having three sporo phores of the fungus. Fig. 10.—Head of one of the sporophores enlarged. Fig. 11.—Cross-section of head of sporophore showing the flask-like psrithecia greatly enlarged. These perithecia are filled with sacs as indicated at a. Fig. 12.—A sac or ascus containing eight sporidia still more highly enlarged. Fig. 13.—A sporidium or " seed " magnified 750 diameters. The fly-fungus, Bmpusa muscce, Cohn,

$. Pharmaceutical botany. Botany; Botany, Medical. CP o Fig. 32.—Clasiceps purpurea. A. Young sclerotium, s, with old sphacelia, s.p. The apex of the dead ovary of rye. B. Upper part of ^, in longitudinal section, showing sphacelia, j. C. Transverse section through the sphacelia, more highly magnified, m. The mycelium, surrounded with the hyphae; b, bearing conidia; p. conidia fallen off; w, the wall of the ovary. D. Germinating conidia, forming sporidia, j-. {From Sayre after Backs.). Fig. 33-—Portion of Horn-shaped sclerotium of Clasiceps purpurea, bearing four stalked re- ceptacles. {From Sa Stock Photo$

RMRDH6PR–. Pharmaceutical botany. Botany; Botany, Medical. CP o Fig. 32.—Clasiceps purpurea. A. Young sclerotium, s, with old sphacelia, s.p. The apex of the dead ovary of rye. B. Upper part of ^, in longitudinal section, showing sphacelia, j. C. Transverse section through the sphacelia, more highly magnified, m. The mycelium, surrounded with the hyphae; b, bearing conidia; p. conidia fallen off; w, the wall of the ovary. D. Germinating conidia, forming sporidia, j-. {From Sayre after Backs.). Fig. 33-—Portion of Horn-shaped sclerotium of Clasiceps purpurea, bearing four stalked re- ceptacles. {From Sa

. The North American Pyrenomycetes [microform] : a contribution to mycologic biology. Fungi; Champignons. !'!} i||!,*'. 556 soid and comparatively thin and small, or snl)tu1toirular and nnirli lai'g'or. The sporidia in all tlio s|)e(.'t'. wo have examined ai'e mostly altout 15 X 8 «. Sontli Amei'lcan specc. from Sp(''a/.ini, on a woodv spoi'ies of Solanum, have the sporidia mostly less than 15 /i ouiX, while most of the U. S. spece, have sporidia 15-18, and occasionally owu 80 fjt lonsi". Sydow, M. Marr/i/'ra, 2145. is Atifhostoma; sporidia contiiiii- ous, hi'own. Roam. F. (Jail. 5230, i Stock Photo

RMRJ64TY–. The North American Pyrenomycetes [microform] : a contribution to mycologic biology. Fungi; Champignons. !'!} i||!,*'. 556 soid and comparatively thin and small, or snl)tu1toirular and nnirli lai'g'or. The sporidia in all tlio s|)e(.'t'. wo have examined ai'e mostly altout 15 X 8 «. Sontli Amei'lcan specc. from Sp(''a/.ini, on a woodv spoi'ies of Solanum, have the sporidia mostly less than 15 /i ouiX, while most of the U. S. spece, have sporidia 15-18, and occasionally owu 80 fjt lonsi". Sydow, M. Marr/i/'ra, 2145. is Atifhostoma; sporidia contiiiii- ous, hi'own. Roam. F. (Jail. 5230, i

. First forms of vegetation. Botany; Cryptogams. 320 FIRST FORMS OF VEGETA TION. the Marsh Mitrula (Fig. 32), of a bright orange- yellow colour growing abundantly in July on dead leaves in wayside pools, will give a good idea of this order. Such is a brief analysis of the differ- ent orders of British Fungi, and a general survey of the different kinds of fructification. We find the same gradation in the scale of de- velopment among the fungi that exists among the. Fig. 32.—Mitrula paludosa. {a) Natural size, {b) Ascus containing sporidia, highly magnified. flowering plants. The moulds and mild Stock Photo

RMRDWMGE–. First forms of vegetation. Botany; Cryptogams. 320 FIRST FORMS OF VEGETA TION. the Marsh Mitrula (Fig. 32), of a bright orange- yellow colour growing abundantly in July on dead leaves in wayside pools, will give a good idea of this order. Such is a brief analysis of the differ- ent orders of British Fungi, and a general survey of the different kinds of fructification. We find the same gradation in the scale of de- velopment among the fungi that exists among the. Fig. 32.—Mitrula paludosa. {a) Natural size, {b) Ascus containing sporidia, highly magnified. flowering plants. The moulds and mild

. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 381. Two Teleuto-spores of Puccinia germinating. In the ono to tlie left each cell has given off a promyceiium {a, a) : to the right only the lower cell has done so, and the promyceUum has given rise to four sterigmata, hearing sporidia (s, s). 'ery highly magnified, (.ftcr Marshall Ward.) into two cells, each with a dark brown coat (Fig. 380). Like other cells of the mycelium and the uredo-spores themselves, each cell contains two nuclei. They do not germinate till the following spring. In March or April, after a few hours in water, each cell puts Stock Photo

RMRDY60C–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 381. Two Teleuto-spores of Puccinia germinating. In the ono to tlie left each cell has given off a promyceiium {a, a) : to the right only the lower cell has done so, and the promyceUum has given rise to four sterigmata, hearing sporidia (s, s). 'ery highly magnified, (.ftcr Marshall Ward.) into two cells, each with a dark brown coat (Fig. 380). Like other cells of the mycelium and the uredo-spores themselves, each cell contains two nuclei. They do not germinate till the following spring. In March or April, after a few hours in water, each cell puts

. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 381. Two Teleuto-spores of Piiccinia germinating. In the one to the left each cell has given off a promycelium [a, a) ; to the right only the lower cell has done so, and the promycelium has given rise to four sterigmata, bearing sporidia (s, s). ''ery highly magnified. (After Marshall Ward.) into two cells, each with a dark brown coat (Fig. 380). Like other cells of the mycelium and the uredo-spores themselves, each cell contains two nuclei. They do not germinate till the following spring. In March or April, after a few hours in water, each cell puts Stock Photo

RMRH8DM2–. Botany of the living plant. Botany. Fig. 381. Two Teleuto-spores of Piiccinia germinating. In the one to the left each cell has given off a promycelium [a, a) ; to the right only the lower cell has done so, and the promycelium has given rise to four sterigmata, bearing sporidia (s, s). ''ery highly magnified. (After Marshall Ward.) into two cells, each with a dark brown coat (Fig. 380). Like other cells of the mycelium and the uredo-spores themselves, each cell contains two nuclei. They do not germinate till the following spring. In March or April, after a few hours in water, each cell puts

. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. Fig. 96. — Pacific Coast rust on pear-fruit. times witches'- brooms are formed; these may attain a diameter of two feet. Cause. The Pacific Coast rust fungus may properly be called Gymno sporangium Lihocedri. Sporidia developed from teliospores on the incense cedar are blown for a considerable distance to the pear and other pomaceous fruits, where they cause infection. Within a few days after the pear is inocu- lated by sporidia, spots become visi- ble on the affected organ as a result of infection. Within a month or less after inocu- lation mature secia are Stock Photo

RMRDCX6G–. Manual of fruit diseases . Fruit. Fig. 96. — Pacific Coast rust on pear-fruit. times witches'- brooms are formed; these may attain a diameter of two feet. Cause. The Pacific Coast rust fungus may properly be called Gymno sporangium Lihocedri. Sporidia developed from teliospores on the incense cedar are blown for a considerable distance to the pear and other pomaceous fruits, where they cause infection. Within a few days after the pear is inocu- lated by sporidia, spots become visi- ble on the affected organ as a result of infection. Within a month or less after inocu- lation mature secia are

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. FIG. 84. A Ustilago lougissima, Tul.. germinating. B V. Tragopogonis. C U. Carbo, Tul. / promycelium, s primary sporidia. Further explanation in the text. A magn. nearly 700, B 390, C more than 390 times. The process is more complicated in Tilletia, in many species of Entyloma, in Tuburcinia Trientalis, and as a general rule in Urocystis Violae, where a (secondary) sporidium is acrogenously abjointed on a short lateral branch from the conjugated pair (Figs. 83 /, 81 d), which Stock Photo

RMREFBPA–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. FIG. 84. A Ustilago lougissima, Tul.. germinating. B V. Tragopogonis. C U. Carbo, Tul. / promycelium, s primary sporidia. Further explanation in the text. A magn. nearly 700, B 390, C more than 390 times. The process is more complicated in Tilletia, in many species of Entyloma, in Tuburcinia Trientalis, and as a general rule in Urocystis Violae, where a (secondary) sporidium is acrogenously abjointed on a short lateral branch from the conjugated pair (Figs. 83 /, 81 d), which

. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 606 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI the spore which collapses (Woronin, 1881). In Neovossia, from 30 to 50 or more sporidia are formed (Fig. 401, 4 and 5); they never fuse but. Fig. 401.—Neovossia Moliniae. 1. Tuft of hyphae with filamentous conidia. 2. Fila- mentous conidia germinating to falcate conidia. 3. Young smut spores. 4, 5. Germina- tion of smut spores. (1, 2 X 270; 3 X 330; 4, 5 X 240; after Brefeld, 1895.) develop to very slender mycelia which, in case the germination occurs in water, pour out their content into falcate conidia or, if the g Stock Photo

RMREF5J3–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 606 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI the spore which collapses (Woronin, 1881). In Neovossia, from 30 to 50 or more sporidia are formed (Fig. 401, 4 and 5); they never fuse but. Fig. 401.—Neovossia Moliniae. 1. Tuft of hyphae with filamentous conidia. 2. Fila- mentous conidia germinating to falcate conidia. 3. Young smut spores. 4, 5. Germina- tion of smut spores. (1, 2 X 270; 3 X 330; 4, 5 X 240; after Brefeld, 1895.) develop to very slender mycelia which, in case the germination occurs in water, pour out their content into falcate conidia or, if the g

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 320 BOTANY. for a few species only.* In all which have been examined the spore sends out a promycelium, which is generally short and jointed, and upon this several sporidia are produced, much as in the TJredinese. In Tilletia caries the promyce- lium produces a tuft of slender branches (Fig. 234, h), which. Fig. 221. Pis. 232. Pig. 223. Pig. 231.—Spore-formation in VsHlago Maydls. a, the end of a spore-forming hy- pha containing a row of young spores; 6, anotlier spore-forming hypha, contaming two young spores; c, a spore nearly ripe, still surro Stock Photo

RMRDW9NW–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 320 BOTANY. for a few species only.* In all which have been examined the spore sends out a promycelium, which is generally short and jointed, and upon this several sporidia are produced, much as in the TJredinese. In Tilletia caries the promyce- lium produces a tuft of slender branches (Fig. 234, h), which. Fig. 221. Pis. 232. Pig. 223. Pig. 231.—Spore-formation in VsHlago Maydls. a, the end of a spore-forming hy- pha containing a row of young spores; 6, anotlier spore-forming hypha, contaming two young spores; c, a spore nearly ripe, still surro

. Elementary botany. Botany. Germinating uredospnre ' wheat rust. (After Warshal Ward.l V^. 22 1. Gerrn tube entering the :af tliruugh a stoma.. Fii^j. 222. rcluutiispoiii g i: r m i Ihi^, Ini riling promy- F igb. !-'4. FiK'. 2 3,. Protiiyceliiim of p;er- niinatiiig tLlcvitosp .le forming sporidia. Puccinia gramini> w ! i-1 -' Germinating sporidia entering leal Lil barberiy by myccliiini. 1 Ater Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may no Stock Photo

RMRE2N39–. Elementary botany. Botany. Germinating uredospnre ' wheat rust. (After Warshal Ward.l V^. 22 1. Gerrn tube entering the :af tliruugh a stoma.. Fii^j. 222. rcluutiispoiii g i: r m i Ihi^, Ini riling promy- F igb. !-'4. FiK'. 2 3,. Protiiyceliiim of p;er- niinatiiig tLlcvitosp .le forming sporidia. Puccinia gramini> w ! i-1 -' Germinating sporidia entering leal Lil barberiy by myccliiini. 1 Ater Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may no

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 320 BOTANY. for a few species only. * In all which have been examinea the spore sends out a promycelium, which is generally short and jointed, and upon this several sporidia are produced, much as in the Uredineae. In Tilletia caries the promyce- lium produces a tuft of slender branches (Fig. 224, h), which a. Fjg. S81. Fig. 222. Fio. 23.3. Fig. 221.—Spore-formation in Ustilago MaydU. a, the end of a spore-forming hy- pha containing il row of young spores ; 6, anotlier spore-forming llypha, containing two young spores; c, a spore nearly ripe, stil Stock Photo

RMRDWA8F–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 320 BOTANY. for a few species only. * In all which have been examinea the spore sends out a promycelium, which is generally short and jointed, and upon this several sporidia are produced, much as in the Uredineae. In Tilletia caries the promyce- lium produces a tuft of slender branches (Fig. 224, h), which a. Fjg. S81. Fig. 222. Fio. 23.3. Fig. 221.—Spore-formation in Ustilago MaydU. a, the end of a spore-forming hy- pha containing il row of young spores ; 6, anotlier spore-forming llypha, containing two young spores; c, a spore nearly ripe, stil

. Botanisk tidsskrift. Plants; Plants -- Denmark. â 211 Helotium (Helotiella) discula sp. n. â fig. 1. Ascomatibus gregariis, sessilibus, juvenilibus cupulatis, rnaturis dis- coideo-explanatis, disco subconvexo, carnosulis, ad IbOju diam., flavidis vel (in sicco) succineis, extus glabris. Ascis cylindraceo-clavatis, sessilibus, 43â56/^ X i^Uâ6^/2 fji, sporidia nonnumquam 8, saspius â nonnullis frustratis â pauciora foventibus. Sporidiis oblique monostichis, fusifor- mibus, utrinqiie acutiuscule rotundatis, primo bi-guttulatis, ad maturitatem medio 1-septatis, non constrictis, IOV2 â14// X 2^/2 Stock Photo

RMRH9KWC–. Botanisk tidsskrift. Plants; Plants -- Denmark. â 211 Helotium (Helotiella) discula sp. n. â fig. 1. Ascomatibus gregariis, sessilibus, juvenilibus cupulatis, rnaturis dis- coideo-explanatis, disco subconvexo, carnosulis, ad IbOju diam., flavidis vel (in sicco) succineis, extus glabris. Ascis cylindraceo-clavatis, sessilibus, 43â56/^ X i^Uâ6^/2 fji, sporidia nonnumquam 8, saspius â nonnullis frustratis â pauciora foventibus. Sporidiis oblique monostichis, fusifor- mibus, utrinqiie acutiuscule rotundatis, primo bi-guttulatis, ad maturitatem medio 1-septatis, non constrictis, IOV2 â14// X 2^/2

$. Practical botany. Botany. Fig. lili). Black rust {I'ucrinia gramtnis) A, A small section of a wheat leaf upon which the parasitic rust is growing: m, mycelial liypha^ of the rust; ?/. )(, young summer spore, or uredospore; w, fully formed uredospore; si, upright liyplia upon which uredospore is formed. B, ger- mination of uredospore: kI, old liypha; ii, old uredospore wall; ni, new mycelial hyphfe. (', winter spore, or teleutospore: st, hypha; t, two-celled spore. D, ger- mination of teleutospore: st, old liypha; p, new hypha, or the promycelium; s, spoi-c.s or sporidia. E, section of the ba Stock Photo$

RMRE1XA6–. Practical botany. Botany. Fig. lili). Black rust {I'ucrinia gramtnis) A, A small section of a wheat leaf upon which the parasitic rust is growing: m, mycelial liypha^ of the rust; ?/. )(, young summer spore, or uredospore; w, fully formed uredospore; si, upright liyplia upon which uredospore is formed. B, ger- mination of uredospore: kI, old liypha; ii, old uredospore wall; ni, new mycelial hyphfe. (', winter spore, or teleutospore: st, hypha; t, two-celled spore. D, ger- mination of teleutospore: st, old liypha; p, new hypha, or the promycelium; s, spoi-c.s or sporidia. E, section of the ba

. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 147. Fig. 12. Hypoderma brachysporum on leaves of Pinus strobus, d, perithecium enlarged, b, ascus -j-, c, ascospore -p. From R 02 a. It clearly differs from Lop- hod, pinastri by its shorter asci and sporidia. The descrip- tion does not occur with Sac- cardo nor with Rehm but with Tubeuf (02^^). Rostrup mentions it early (83 d "', 85 a ''^ 6^ 87 j; see also Dalgas 88 ^=5), but he did not de- scribe it till 1889. Specimens of this fungus from Denmark are already contained in Schu- macher's herbarium from the beginning o Stock Photo

RMRE392D–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 147. Fig. 12. Hypoderma brachysporum on leaves of Pinus strobus, d, perithecium enlarged, b, ascus -j-, c, ascospore -p. From R 02 a. It clearly differs from Lop- hod, pinastri by its shorter asci and sporidia. The descrip- tion does not occur with Sac- cardo nor with Rehm but with Tubeuf (02^^). Rostrup mentions it early (83 d "', 85 a ''^ 6^ 87 j; see also Dalgas 88 ^=5), but he did not de- scribe it till 1889. Specimens of this fungus from Denmark are already contained in Schu- macher's herbarium from the beginning o

. Atti della Societtaliana di scienze naturali e del Museo civico di storia naturale di Milano. Natural history; Natural history. 166 GIUDITTA MARIANI Hab. in foliis languidis vel emortuis Arecae sapidae in Horto Botanico Conimbricensi, majo 1903 (A. Moller). Oss. Inter Leptosphaerias palmicolas species valde distincta ob sporidia utrinque appendiculata. Socii : Diplodia depazeoides Dur. et Mont. f. Arecae n. f. ; Flendersonia Sabaleos Ces. var. Arecae n. v. qui fungilli verisimiliter status secundarii sunt. Leptosphaeria ? Coniothyrium Sacc. (Sacc. Sjll, II, 29). Su rametti secchi di Tamarix Stock Photo

RMRJTYHX–. Atti della Societtaliana di scienze naturali e del Museo civico di storia naturale di Milano. Natural history; Natural history. 166 GIUDITTA MARIANI Hab. in foliis languidis vel emortuis Arecae sapidae in Horto Botanico Conimbricensi, majo 1903 (A. Moller). Oss. Inter Leptosphaerias palmicolas species valde distincta ob sporidia utrinque appendiculata. Socii : Diplodia depazeoides Dur. et Mont. f. Arecae n. f. ; Flendersonia Sabaleos Ces. var. Arecae n. v. qui fungilli verisimiliter status secundarii sunt. Leptosphaeria ? Coniothyrium Sacc. (Sacc. Sjll, II, 29). Su rametti secchi di Tamarix

RMRCC3YC–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 167. — Titletia tritici. A, Two spores germinated in moist air; a short promycelium is developed, and bears a crowu of conidia (sporidia), several of which have fused in pairs. Fushion of conidin, germination, and development of a secondary conidium, C, are also shown. B, Two spores germinated in water with promycelia which elongate till the water surface is reached, where they form sporidia; the . promycelia are

RMRCC3T0–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fii;. 211.—C'hri/somyxa rhododfndi't. Teleuto- spore-sorus which has ruptured the lower epi- dermis of a leaf of Rhododendron hirsutuin. The teleutospores are jjluricellular, and one of them has germinated, giving a promycelium with sterigniata, from which little sporidia are being abjointed. (After De Bary.). Fig. 212.—Ckri/somi/xa rhododtndH on Spruce. The needles are beset with aecidia ; discoloured parts of them a

RMRCC3E8–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. mMk. Fifi. 204.—Diseased stem of I'lurinium in a Liter stage than Fig. 203. In each epirteniial cell («, (() .six mother-cells have been fonned, eafh subdivided into four teleutosiiores. Promycelia ('/) have developed from many of the latter, and are in process of abjointing off the sporidia from lateral sterigmata. X 420. (After R. Hartig.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that ma

RMRCC3EM–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 194.—Phrdf/riiidhim sitbcortichim on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the under- surface of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fl(j. 103.— TriphragnuuM ulmnriae on Spiraea Uhiutna. Germinating teleuto- spore, with proniycclia and sporidia. (After Tulasne.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped paraphyses. The genus fre

. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. Fig. 194.—Pkrarjiuidhmi subcorliduni on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the under- surface of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 103.—Triphragmitim ulmariae on Spiraea Ubnaria. Germinating teleuto- spore, with proniycelia and sporidia. (After Tulasue.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped para Stock Photo

RMRCC2X8–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. Fig. 194.—Pkrarjiuidhmi subcorliduni on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the under- surface of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 103.—Triphragmitim ulmariae on Spiraea Ubnaria. Germinating teleuto- spore, with proniycelia and sporidia. (After Tulasue.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped para

RMRCC3E7–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fifi. 204.—Diseased stem of I'lurinium in a Liter stage than Fig. 203. In each epirteniial cell («, (() .six mother-cells have been fonned, eafh subdivided into four teleutosiiores. Promycelia ('/) have developed from many of the latter, and are in process of abjointing off the sporidia from lateral sterigmata. X 420. (After R. Hartig.). Fio. 205.—CulypiOKpora OoipiKAiano. Aecidia on the under surface of needles of Si

RMRCC3R7–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 390 UREDINEAE. In May or June the cushions swell up and become large brownish-yellow gelatinous clumps, dotted over with dark points, the teleutospores. Proniycelia arise from one or more germ- pores in each spore, and give off basidia with sporidia (basidio-. Fio. 224.—Aecidia and Pycnidia of various species of Gt/mnoxporangium: G. tremelloides—1 and 3, aecidia on leaf of Pyrun Aria; 0 and fi, aecidia on leaf of Pyrv

. Diseases of truck crops and their control. Plants -- Diseases. Fig. 54. Onion Diseases. a. Downy mildew, 6. mature conidiophore and conidia of Peronospora schleideni, c. fertilization of the female oogonium by the male antheridium, d. oospore (a. to d. after Wh2tzel), e. onion smut, /. spore ball of the smut fungus, g. spore germina- tion, formation of sporidia at x, h. Vermicularia anthracnose, i. section through acervulis of Vermicularia circinans, j. setas and spore formation in 1-'. circinans {e. to g., i. and i. after Thaxter), k. pink root of onion, healthy and diseased bulbs, /. pink Stock Photo

RMRCCKAG–. Diseases of truck crops and their control. Plants -- Diseases. Fig. 54. Onion Diseases. a. Downy mildew, 6. mature conidiophore and conidia of Peronospora schleideni, c. fertilization of the female oogonium by the male antheridium, d. oospore (a. to d. after Wh2tzel), e. onion smut, /. spore ball of the smut fungus, g. spore germina- tion, formation of sporidia at x, h. Vermicularia anthracnose, i. section through acervulis of Vermicularia circinans, j. setas and spore formation in 1-'. circinans {e. to g., i. and i. after Thaxter), k. pink root of onion, healthy and diseased bulbs, /. pink

RMRCC3DM–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 390 UREDINEAE. In ]Iay or June the cushions swell up and become large brownish-yellow gelatinous clumps, dotted over with dark points, the teleutospores. Promycelia arise from one or more germ- pores in each spore, and give off basidia with sporidia (basidio- HJ^>6WKfe.v, /^ I. Fio. 224.—Accklia and Piiniidia of various species of GyninoKporanyhim : G. tremelloides—1 and i', aecidia on leaf of Pi/rus Aria ; 5 and

. Diseases of crop-plants in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical plants; Plant diseases. DISEASES OF SUGAR CANE 313 represents a flowering shoot, is at first covered by a silvery white sheath, which soon ruptures, exposing the spores as a dense mass of black dust. Direct infection by spores appears to take place at the nodes, and sets containing the mycelium give rise to infected plants. The spores germinate in water or moist soil and give rise to sporidia, which develop yeast-like budding cells.. Fig. 126 UsTiLAGO Sacchari From Wakker & Wmt SCHIZOPHYLLUM ROT. The conspicuous fungus Schizophyllu Stock Photo

RMRCD91H–. Diseases of crop-plants in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical plants; Plant diseases. DISEASES OF SUGAR CANE 313 represents a flowering shoot, is at first covered by a silvery white sheath, which soon ruptures, exposing the spores as a dense mass of black dust. Direct infection by spores appears to take place at the nodes, and sets containing the mycelium give rise to infected plants. The spores germinate in water or moist soil and give rise to sporidia, which develop yeast-like budding cells.. Fig. 126 UsTiLAGO Sacchari From Wakker & Wmt SCHIZOPHYLLUM ROT. The conspicuous fungus Schizophyllu

RMRCC3TG–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 204.—Dise.ised stem of Vnccintura in a later stage than Fig. 203. In each epidenual cell (n, (0 six mothei'-cells have been formed, each subdivided into four teleutospores. Proniycelia (6) have developed from many of the latter, and are in process of abjointing off the sporidia from lateral sterigmata. X 420. (After R. Hartig.). Fig. 205.—Co.b/ptospora Goeppertiana. Aecidia on the under surface of needles of Silv

RMRCC2W0–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. 390 UREDINEAE. In May or June the cushions swell up and become large brownish-yellow gelatinous clumps, dotted over with dark points, the teleutospores. Promycelia arise from one or more germ- pores in each spore, and give off basidia with sporidia (basidio-. FiG. 224.-—Aei-idia and Pi/cnidia of various species of Gymnonporangiurii: G. iremelloides—1 and ;?, aecidia on leaf of Pyrus Aria ; 5 an

. Diseases of crop-plants in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical plants; Plant diseases. DISEASES CAUSED BY FUNGI 39 which develop a small number of conidia (sporidia), regarded as equivalent to basidiospores. In the Tilletiaceae the sporidia. Fig. 9 BASIDIOMYCETES 1. SCHIZOPHYLLUM CoMMUNE. 2. CyATHUS MiCROSPORUS. 3. Thelephora. 4. Craterellus. 5. Lycoperdon. 6. Lachnocladium. 7. Fomes. 8. Marasmius. 4, 5, 6, 8 after Nat. Pflanz are elongated and frequently join by a small cross filament to make pairs.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally Stock Photo

RMRCD9M9–. Diseases of crop-plants in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical plants; Plant diseases. DISEASES CAUSED BY FUNGI 39 which develop a small number of conidia (sporidia), regarded as equivalent to basidiospores. In the Tilletiaceae the sporidia. Fig. 9 BASIDIOMYCETES 1. SCHIZOPHYLLUM CoMMUNE. 2. CyATHUS MiCROSPORUS. 3. Thelephora. 4. Craterellus. 5. Lycoperdon. 6. Lachnocladium. 7. Fomes. 8. Marasmius. 4, 5, 6, 8 after Nat. Pflanz are elongated and frequently join by a small cross filament to make pairs.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally

RMRCC2YP–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. Fio. 167.—TilUlUi liitici. A, Twu spores genninatcd in moist air; a short promycclimn is dcvcloiicJ, nuil Ix-'ars a crown of conidia (sporidia), sevcnil of wliich have fused in pairs. Fushion of conidi.i, gcrniination, and development of a secondary conidiiini, C, are also shown. S, Two spores gei-miuated in water with proniyeelia which elonjf-.ite till the water surface is re;iehed, where they

RMRCC3WC–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 194.—Phrut/midium subcorticium on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the uuder- sm-face of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 103.—Triphragnuv.m v.lmarine on S/>iiv«rt Ulmaria. Germinating teleuto- spore, with promycelia and sporidia. (After Tulasne.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped paraphyses. The genus fr

RMRCC2WC–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants. Fn;. 211.—Chri/nomyxa rhodoU-mlri. Teleuto- .si>ort-soru8 which has ruptured the lower epi- dennis of a leaf of Rhododnnlion hir.uitdm. The teleutospores are pluricellul:ir, :ind one of them ha.s germinated, K'i^'in*? "• promycelium with steri^iiatii, from which little sporidia are being abjointed. (After l)e Hary.). Flii. '21'2.—Cliri/soiiii/xii iiKxloit' lulri on Spruce. The needles a

RMRCC3GB–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. IdT.— TilUtta liUicc. A, Two spores germinated in moist air; a short promycelium is developed, and bear.s a crown of conidia (sporidia), several of which have fused in pairs. Fushion of conidia, germination, and development of a secondary conidium, C, ;irc rlsn slmwii. B, Two spores germinated in water with ihmijix . i li.i wiiich elongate till the water surf.ace is reached, wlui. tin v t.irm sporidia; the , ,

$. Diseases of truck crops and their control. Vegetables. , n ^i;" Fig. 54. Onion Diseases. a. Downy mildew, b. mature conidiophore and conidia of Peronospora schleideni, c. fertilization of the female oogonium by the male antheridium, d. oospore (a. to d. after Wh^tzel), e. onion smut, /. spore ball of the smut fungus, g. spore germina- tion, formation of sporidia at x, h. Vermicularia anthracnose, i. section through acervulis of Vermicularia cirdnans. j. setae and spore formation in V. circinans {e. to g., i. and j. after Thaxter), k. pink root of onion, healthy and diseased bulbs, I. pi Stock Photo$

RMRCCKDA–. Diseases of truck crops and their control. Vegetables. , n ^i;" Fig. 54. Onion Diseases. a. Downy mildew, b. mature conidiophore and conidia of Peronospora schleideni, c. fertilization of the female oogonium by the male antheridium, d. oospore (a. to d. after Wh^tzel), e. onion smut, /. spore ball of the smut fungus, g. spore germina- tion, formation of sporidia at x, h. Vermicularia anthracnose, i. section through acervulis of Vermicularia cirdnans. j. setae and spore formation in V. circinans {e. to g., i. and j. after Thaxter), k. pink root of onion, healthy and diseased bulbs, I. pi

. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. BSTILAGINK^. 321 there grow out small sporidia, which germinate by sending out a slender hypha; when this hypha comes in contact with the proper host plant, it penetrates the walls of its. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bessey, Charles E. (Charles Edwin), 1845-1915. New York : H. Holt Stock Photo

RMRDWA89–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. BSTILAGINK^. 321 there grow out small sporidia, which germinate by sending out a slender hypha; when this hypha comes in contact with the proper host plant, it penetrates the walls of its. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bessey, Charles E. (Charles Edwin), 1845-1915. New York : H. Holt

. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. EUTHALLEPHYTA—EUMYCETES—EUBASIDII 221 PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES Parasitic or saprophytic plants; basidia with longitudinal or cross septa; mycelium septate, branched, either in the interior of the plant as parasites or ramifying the substratum; spores various. The following types occur: sper- matia, aecidiospores, uredospores, teleutospores, and sporidia; the spermatia are always accompanied by other spores, generally with the aecidiospore Stock Photo

RMRDXT69–. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. EUTHALLEPHYTA—EUMYCETES—EUBASIDII 221 PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES Parasitic or saprophytic plants; basidia with longitudinal or cross septa; mycelium septate, branched, either in the interior of the plant as parasites or ramifying the substratum; spores various. The following types occur: sper- matia, aecidiospores, uredospores, teleutospores, and sporidia; the spermatia are always accompanied by other spores, generally with the aecidiospore

RMRDXT6K–. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. EUTHALLEPHYTA—EUMYCETES—SMUTS 219 Mr. W. A. Kelty informs me that the smartweed smut {Ustilago utriculosa) often produces severe irritation of the hands when corn is husked. TutETiACBAE, Schrot Mycelium becoming gelatinized in the tissues; the promycelium gives rise to the terminal cluster of elongated sporidia which fuse or do not fuse in pairs, producing secondary sporidia which may be alike or unlik6, or the sporidia germinate dir

. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. 134 FUNGI. formis, those of Valsa profusa, and some species of Massaria, the latter being at first invested with a hyaline coat. Some coloured sporidia have hyaline appendages at each extremity, as. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt), b. 1825-; Berkeley, M. J. (Miles Joseph), 1803-1889. New York, D. Appleton and Co. Stock Photo

RMRE1GHN–. Fungi; their nature, influence, and uses;. Fungi. 134 FUNGI. formis, those of Valsa profusa, and some species of Massaria, the latter being at first invested with a hyaline coat. Some coloured sporidia have hyaline appendages at each extremity, as. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt), b. 1825-; Berkeley, M. J. (Miles Joseph), 1803-1889. New York, D. Appleton and Co.

RMRDXT5B–. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. 230 MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS known as sporidia. Acording to Dr. J. C. Arthur, it is undoubtedly connected with an aecidium on Oxalis corniculata. Distribution and hosts. Common wherever corn is cultivated and according or Carelton, also upon teosinte.. Fig. 66. Corn rust (Puccinia Sorghi) on corn. Winter spores. Uromyces. Link. Clover Rust Aecidiospores in cup-like bodies with an evident pseudoperidium; uredo- sori powdery; uredoso

. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 160. Germinating uredospore of Germ tube entering the wheat rust. (After Marshall- leaf through a stoma. Ward.). 1 eleutospore tiating, forming celium. 'i. Fig. 162. Ffg. 163. germi- Promycelium of ger- Germinating sporidia entering leaf pro my- minating teleutospore, of barberry by mycelium, forming sporidia. Figs. 161-163.—Puccinia graminis (wheat rust). (Alter Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not p Stock Photo

RMRD2HFG–. Elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 160. Germinating uredospore of Germ tube entering the wheat rust. (After Marshall- leaf through a stoma. Ward.). 1 eleutospore tiating, forming celium. 'i. Fig. 162. Ffg. 163. germi- Promycelium of ger- Germinating sporidia entering leaf pro my- minating teleutospore, of barberry by mycelium, forming sporidia. Figs. 161-163.—Puccinia graminis (wheat rust). (Alter Marshall-Ward.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not p

RMRDXT60–. A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations. Poisonous plants. EUTHALIvEPHYTA—EUMYCETES—RUSTS 225. Fig. 62. Some Rusts. A, B. D. E. Puccinia graminis. A. Aecidium or Cluster-cup on Barberry; a aecidium, J spermogonia on upper surface. B. Uredo spores; u one-celled, teleuto- spores two-celled. C. Germination of uredospores showing long tube. D. Connection of stem showing two-celled teleutospores. E. A teleutospore germinating with promycelial tube (p) and sporidia (.sp). JF. Two-celled teleutospo

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