Stromata Black & White Stock Photos

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Stromata Black & White Stock Photos

. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 284 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS The fungus. The mycelium penetrates the bark and later the wood beneath to a considerable extent. The course of the fungus through the bark and wood is very largely through the paren- chymatous and medullary cells. From these, however, it infests neighboring tissues, especially the xylem vessels. The stromata and fruit bodies are developed from the latter part of the summer into the autumn and winter. From the upper surface of the stroma a mat of coni Stock Photo

RMRDJF35–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 284 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS The fungus. The mycelium penetrates the bark and later the wood beneath to a considerable extent. The course of the fungus through the bark and wood is very largely through the paren- chymatous and medullary cells. From these, however, it infests neighboring tissues, especially the xylem vessels. The stromata and fruit bodies are developed from the latter part of the summer into the autumn and winter. From the upper surface of the stroma a mat of coni

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 286 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE attacking first the parenchyma cells and medullary rays. The young stromata appear under the bark bearing when young small unicellular conidia. The stromata later turn hard and black and. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stevens, Frank Lincoln, 1871-1934. New York : Macmillan Stock Photo

RMPG468M–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 286 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE attacking first the parenchyma cells and medullary rays. The young stromata appear under the bark bearing when young small unicellular conidia. The stromata later turn hard and black and. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stevens, Frank Lincoln, 1871-1934. New York : Macmillan

. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. V] HYPOCREALES 145 merit of the sheath has begun, may correspond to the septation of the fertihzed oogonium in other forms. Further, the origin of the asci from a single cell points to the Erysiphales and Laboulbeniales, and in view of the longitudinal divisions, perhaps especially to the latter. In Nectria the usually red or yellow perithecia are produced in groups on stromata of the same colour; the asci contain eight ascospores which are two- celled, and often produce conidia by budding while still in the ascus. The genus is large, inc Stock Photo

RMRDTNE3–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. V] HYPOCREALES 145 merit of the sheath has begun, may correspond to the septation of the fertihzed oogonium in other forms. Further, the origin of the asci from a single cell points to the Erysiphales and Laboulbeniales, and in view of the longitudinal divisions, perhaps especially to the latter. In Nectria the usually red or yellow perithecia are produced in groups on stromata of the same colour; the asci contain eight ascospores which are two- celled, and often produce conidia by budding while still in the ascus. The genus is large, inc

RMPG3YF9–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 284 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS The fungus. The mycelium penetrates the bark and later the wood beneath to a considerable extent. The course of the fungus through the bark and wood is very largely through the paren- chymatous and medullary cells. From these, however, it infests neighboring tissues, especially the xylem vessels. The stromata and fruit bodies are developed from the latter part of the summer into the autumn and winter. From the upper surface of the stroma a mat of coni

. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 242 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS hyphae as yeast-like conidial cells. The cushion-like masses also produce conidia in quantity. Mayr described certain macroconidia borne upon small, white stromata preceding the usual cushions on the canes ; but Durand was unable to detect such spores.. FIG. IO3. PLEONECTRrA BEROLINENSIS: A CLUSTER OF PERITHECIA (Photograph by E. J. Durand) Control. It would seem that the most practical method of control consists in eradicating diseased vines as they Stock Photo

RMRDJF7G–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 242 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS hyphae as yeast-like conidial cells. The cushion-like masses also produce conidia in quantity. Mayr described certain macroconidia borne upon small, white stromata preceding the usual cushions on the canes ; but Durand was unable to detect such spores.. FIG. IO3. PLEONECTRrA BEROLINENSIS: A CLUSTER OF PERITHECIA (Photograph by E. J. Durand) Control. It would seem that the most practical method of control consists in eradicating diseased vines as they

RMPG3YJY–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 242 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS hyphae as yeast-like conidial cells. The cushion-like masses also produce conidia in quantity. Mayr described certain macroconidia borne upon small, white stromata preceding the usual cushions on the canes ; but Durand was unable to detect such spores.. FIG. IO3. PLEONECTRrA BEROLINENSIS: A CLUSTER OF PERITHECIA (Photograph by E. J. Durand) Control. It would seem that the most practical method of control consists in eradicating diseased vines as they

. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 246 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS Germination really consists in absorption of water, increase in size of the sclerotial mass, and the pushing into growth, some- times from many different points on the sclerotium, of compact masses of hypha?, which develop into sporo- phores. These sporophores may be from one fourth to one inch in height, and they bear at the summit head-shaped stromata within which the perithecia are differentiated. A cross sec- tion of the head-shaped stroma is show Stock Photo

RMRDJF71–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 246 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS Germination really consists in absorption of water, increase in size of the sclerotial mass, and the pushing into growth, some- times from many different points on the sclerotium, of compact masses of hypha?, which develop into sporo- phores. These sporophores may be from one fourth to one inch in height, and they bear at the summit head-shaped stromata within which the perithecia are differentiated. A cross sec- tion of the head-shaped stroma is show

. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. VALSA. 225 where leaves of the alder are dried in summer for use as winter-fodder for goats. In the branches attacked, a mycelium is developed in the vessels of the wood, whereby the supply of water is stopped and the bark dries up. Black lens-shaped stromata arise under the epidermis of the twig and rupture it. The perithecia are produced under the stromata in the bark, and communicate. Fig. 109.— Valsa oxy&tom Stock Photo

RMPG4BM7–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. VALSA. 225 where leaves of the alder are dried in summer for use as winter-fodder for goats. In the branches attacked, a mycelium is developed in the vessels of the wood, whereby the supply of water is stopped and the bark dries up. Black lens-shaped stromata arise under the epidermis of the twig and rupture it. The perithecia are produced under the stromata in the bark, and communicate. Fig. 109.— Valsa oxy&tom

. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. V] SPHAERIALKS 167 frequent lateral anastomoses occur and crj'stals of calcium oxalate, which have become separated from the substratum, are found among the filaments. Hyphae become massed together to form the stroma which in the cry young stages consists entirely of vegetative filaments densely inter-. Vig. 124. Xyidi/u Hypo.ylon ViX'^w, after Tulahiie. woven and rising vertical!)' from the surface of the substratum. As the - grow the stromata assume their characteristic shape, conidia appear and drojjs of pinkish or }-cllowisli fluid Stock Photo

RMRDX16B–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. V] SPHAERIALKS 167 frequent lateral anastomoses occur and crj'stals of calcium oxalate, which have become separated from the substratum, are found among the filaments. Hyphae become massed together to form the stroma which in the cry young stages consists entirely of vegetative filaments densely inter-. Vig. 124. Xyidi/u Hypo.ylon ViX'^w, after Tulahiie. woven and rising vertical!)' from the surface of the substratum. As the - grow the stromata assume their characteristic shape, conidia appear and drojjs of pinkish or }-cllowisli fluid

RMPG3YJD–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 246 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS Germination really consists in absorption of water, increase in size of the sclerotial mass, and the pushing into growth, some- times from many different points on the sclerotium, of compact masses of hypha?, which develop into sporo- phores. These sporophores may be from one fourth to one inch in height, and they bear at the summit head-shaped stromata within which the perithecia are differentiated. A cross sec- tion of the head-shaped stroma is show

RMRDC1RX–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. VALSA. 225 where leaves of the alder are dried in summer for use as winter-fodder for goats. In the branches attacked, a mycelium is developed in the vessels of the wood, whereby the supply of water is stopped and the bark dries up. Black lens-shaped stromata arise under the epidermis of the twig and rupture it. The perithecia are produced under the stromata in the bark, and communicate. Fig. 109.— Valsa oxy&tom

. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Endothia Canker of Chestnut S6i- are not typically curved is an additional reason why this stage should not be referred to Cytospora. The spore membrane is thin and smooth. The spores are filled with dense homogeneous protoplasm, and each spore contains a single smaU, elongated nucleus near the center. There is also a polar body in each end. Perithecia The mature stromata on older cankers have numerous projecting papilla on the surface (Plate XXXVIII, Fig. 2). The black speck at the tip of each papilla is the opening of a perithecium, the body of w Stock Photo

RMPG14KT–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Endothia Canker of Chestnut S6i- are not typically curved is an additional reason why this stage should not be referred to Cytospora. The spore membrane is thin and smooth. The spores are filled with dense homogeneous protoplasm, and each spore contains a single smaU, elongated nucleus near the center. There is also a polar body in each end. Perithecia The mature stromata on older cankers have numerous projecting papilla on the surface (Plate XXXVIII, Fig. 2). The black speck at the tip of each papilla is the opening of a perithecium, the body of w

RMRDFE0Y–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Endothia Canker of Chestnut S6i- are not typically curved is an additional reason why this stage should not be referred to Cytospora. The spore membrane is thin and smooth. The spores are filled with dense homogeneous protoplasm, and each spore contains a single smaU, elongated nucleus near the center. There is also a polar body in each end. Perithecia The mature stromata on older cankers have numerous projecting papilla on the surface (Plate XXXVIII, Fig. 2). The black speck at the tip of each papilla is the opening of a perithecium, the body of w

RMPG4BK6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fio. 112.—Section of stroma of j4^/aospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - m ycelium; b, sclerenchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cushion ; d, union of necks of two perithecia. (After Hartig.). Fig. 113.—a, Conidia; b, asco- spore of Aglaospoi-u taleola ( X ^). (After Hartig.) superficially abjointed from the stromata; while embedded in it are groups of perithecia with necks which join to

. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. ASCOMYCETES 377 He will find there also more information on the development of the sporocarps (both discocarpous and pyrenocarpous) of the types. Fig. 311.—Claviccps purpurea. Tul. A, sclerote which has produced seven stromata.' 'B, upper portion of a stroma in longitudinal section, cp^ peritheces. C, longitudinal section of perithece. cp, ostiole : sh^ cortical tissue ; hy, inner tissue of stroma. Z", ascus isolated. sp, ascospores issuing. (^, natural size, B slightly, C and D highly magnified.) (After Tulasne.) quoted than it is possible Stock Photo

RMRE3CKC–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. ASCOMYCETES 377 He will find there also more information on the development of the sporocarps (both discocarpous and pyrenocarpous) of the types. Fig. 311.—Claviccps purpurea. Tul. A, sclerote which has produced seven stromata.' 'B, upper portion of a stroma in longitudinal section, cp^ peritheces. C, longitudinal section of perithece. cp, ostiole : sh^ cortical tissue ; hy, inner tissue of stroma. Z", ascus isolated. sp, ascospores issuing. (^, natural size, B slightly, C and D highly magnified.) (After Tulasne.) quoted than it is possible

RMPG42JH–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. NECTRIA. 185 Nectria. Perithecia yellow or red in colour, and generally produced in close tufts on stromata of the same colour. The asci con- tain eight bicellular spores and few or no paraphyses. Conidia â of various kinds and shapes are also produced. Nectrina cinnabarina Fr.^ (Britain and U.S. America). The -bright-red, button-shaped conidial cushions of this fungus may. Please note that these images are extracte

. Agricultural botany, theoretical and practical. Botany, Economic; Botany. 760 FUNGI such short segments that sections of it resemble a parenchymatous tissue of the higher plants. After being kept through winter and moistened, the ergot germinates and sends up several fleshy-pink stalks at the end of which are round heads or stromata {s, Fig. 257). Imbedded within the substance of the latter are a large number of flask-shaped perithecia (n, Fig. 257), the narrow ends of which have a small opening outwards. From the base of the interior of the perithecia long club-shaped asci arise in which ar Stock Photo

RMRE0P95–. Agricultural botany, theoretical and practical. Botany, Economic; Botany. 760 FUNGI such short segments that sections of it resemble a parenchymatous tissue of the higher plants. After being kept through winter and moistened, the ergot germinates and sends up several fleshy-pink stalks at the end of which are round heads or stromata {s, Fig. 257). Imbedded within the substance of the latter are a large number of flask-shaped perithecia (n, Fig. 257), the narrow ends of which have a small opening outwards. From the base of the interior of the perithecia long club-shaped asci arise in which ar

. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 165. Cylindrosporium Pom. (Photographs by Charles Brooks) a, spot induced by inoculation of apple; b, mycelium in agar breaks through it to expose spores and sporophores. The spores are hyaline, from one to five celled, and variously curved and con- torted. They are from 2 to 2.5 fi in diameter and from 15 to 80/a long. The chlamydospores and stromata are probably the agencies that carry the fungus over the winter. Under ordinary conditions of preparing separation cultures thi Stock Photo

RMPG3NY5–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 165. Cylindrosporium Pom. (Photographs by Charles Brooks) a, spot induced by inoculation of apple; b, mycelium in agar breaks through it to expose spores and sporophores. The spores are hyaline, from one to five celled, and variously curved and con- torted. They are from 2 to 2.5 fi in diameter and from 15 to 80/a long. The chlamydospores and stromata are probably the agencies that carry the fungus over the winter. Under ordinary conditions of preparing separation cultures thi

. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Depf. of Agriculturi Plate XV.. ENDOTHIA PARASITICA. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA. X 49. Fig. 1 .—Showing a Young, Simple Pycnidial Cavity at the Base. Fig. 2.—In Which Neither Pycnidia Nor Perithecia Have Begun to Develop. Fig. 3.—With Irregular Chambered Pycnidia. All the above aie about the same age—four moulh.s after iuoculatiou.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble Stock Photo

RMRDBBNJ–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Depf. of Agriculturi Plate XV.. ENDOTHIA PARASITICA. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA. X 49. Fig. 1 .—Showing a Young, Simple Pycnidial Cavity at the Base. Fig. 2.—In Which Neither Pycnidia Nor Perithecia Have Begun to Develop. Fig. 3.—With Irregular Chambered Pycnidia. All the above aie about the same age—four moulh.s after iuoculatiou.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble

$. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 224 ASCOMYCETES. rupture of the epidermis. Numerous leaves may be diseased and each carry many cushions, yet Vuillemin, who described the disease,^ does not believe the host-plant is affected to any serious degree. M. (Gnom.) coryli Batsch. (Britain and U.S. America). The black stromata are found in withered spots on the leaves of hazel {Corylus); as a rule, each stroma carries only one peri- thecium with a long bea Stock Photo$

RMPG4BMC–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 224 ASCOMYCETES. rupture of the epidermis. Numerous leaves may be diseased and each carry many cushions, yet Vuillemin, who described the disease,^ does not believe the host-plant is affected to any serious degree. M. (Gnom.) coryli Batsch. (Britain and U.S. America). The black stromata are found in withered spots on the leaves of hazel {Corylus); as a rule, each stroma carries only one peri- thecium with a long bea

. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. ENDOTHIA GYROSA. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA ON BEECH. X 32. FiQ. 1.—Showing Numerous Pycnidial Cavities andTwo Mature Perithecia. Fig. 2.—Showing Mature Pycnidia and Perithecia Side by Side. Except where otherwise indicate'l, the photomicrographs of strou]ata are from unytained sections cut with a freezing mlcrotouie. y. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. 1906-19 Stock Photo

RMRDBBPK–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. ENDOTHIA GYROSA. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA ON BEECH. X 32. FiQ. 1.—Showing Numerous Pycnidial Cavities andTwo Mature Perithecia. Fig. 2.—Showing Mature Pycnidia and Perithecia Side by Side. Except where otherwise indicate'l, the photomicrographs of strou]ata are from unytained sections cut with a freezing mlcrotouie. y. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. 1906-19

RMPG15NK–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Depf. of Agriculturi Plate XV.. ENDOTHIA PARASITICA. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA. X 49. Fig. 1 .—Showing a Young, Simple Pycnidial Cavity at the Base. Fig. 2.—In Which Neither Pycnidia Nor Perithecia Have Begun to Develop. Fig. 3.—With Irregular Chambered Pycnidia. All the above aie about the same age—four moulh.s after iuoculatiou.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble

. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 263 hibernation is supposed to be effected in some cases by means of the tuberculate stromata, which retain their vitality and serve as minute sclerotia, germinating the following spring. The asci average 40 /u, long, and the spores measure about 15 X 3-4 fi. Control. Healthy plants only should be set, and all spotted leaves should be pinched off. A thorough spraying with Bor- a b deaux mixture may be given FlG- "5- Mycosphmrella Fragar/^e, before the flowers arepp Stock Photo

RMRDJF4X–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 263 hibernation is supposed to be effected in some cases by means of the tuberculate stromata, which retain their vitality and serve as minute sclerotia, germinating the following spring. The asci average 40 /u, long, and the spores measure about 15 X 3-4 fi. Control. Healthy plants only should be set, and all spotted leaves should be pinched off. A thorough spraying with Bor- a b deaux mixture may be given FlG- "5- Mycosphmrella Fragar/^e, before the flowers arepp

RMPG15R7–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. ENDOTHIA GYROSA. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA ON BEECH. X 32. FiQ. 1.—Showing Numerous Pycnidial Cavities andTwo Mature Perithecia. Fig. 2.—Showing Mature Pycnidia and Perithecia Side by Side. Except where otherwise indicate'l, the photomicrographs of strou]ata are from unytained sections cut with a freezing mlcrotouie. y. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. 1906-19

RMRDC1T4–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 224 ASCOMYCETES. rupture of the epidermis. Numerous leaves may be diseased and each carry many cushions, yet Vuillemin, who described the disease,^ does not believe the host-plant is affected to any serious degree. M. (Gnom.) coryli Batsch. (Britain and U.S. America). The black stromata are found in withered spots on the leaves of hazel {Corylus); as a rule, each stroma carries only one peri- thecium with a long bea

RMPG3YGR–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. ASCOMYCETES 263 hibernation is supposed to be effected in some cases by means of the tuberculate stromata, which retain their vitality and serve as minute sclerotia, germinating the following spring. The asci average 40 /u, long, and the spores measure about 15 X 3-4 fi. Control. Healthy plants only should be set, and all spotted leaves should be pinched off. A thorough spraying with Bor- a b deaux mixture may be given FlG- "5- Mycosphmrella Fragar/^e, before the flowers arepp

$. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. Fig. I ro. a. Cordyiips niililayis {,. Linl< ; /'. Cordycps opJiiL'i^Iossoides [^.)JrV after Tulasnc. Tlie mature sclerotium is a compact mass of interwoven h 'phac hose cells are rich in glycogen and oily matter. During its development the in- ternal organs of the host are completely destro)-ed and replaced b- the m-celium, the skin alone remaining intact. From this mummified structure one or more stromata arise, emerging between two segments of the skin, usual!)' near the head. The stroma is dift'erentiated into an e Stock Photo$

RMRDTND4–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. Fig. I ro. a. Cordyiips niililayis {,. Linl< ; /'. Cordycps opJiiL'i^Iossoides [^.)JrV after Tulasnc. Tlie mature sclerotium is a compact mass of interwoven h 'phac hose cells are rich in glycogen and oily matter. During its development the in- ternal organs of the host are completely destro)-ed and replaced b- the m-celium, the skin alone remaining intact. From this mummified structure one or more stromata arise, emerging between two segments of the skin, usual!)' near the head. The stroma is dift'erentiated into an e

RMPG4BKF–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 111.—Aglaospora taleola. Portion of cortex with embedded stromata. a. Corky layer; b, after removal of corky layer; c, section of stroma. ( X y.) (After Hartig.). Fio. 112.—Section of stroma of j4^/aospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - m ycelium; b, sclerenchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cushion ; d, union of necks of two perithecia. (After Hartig.). Please note that these images

RMRDC1PJ–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fio. 112.—Section of stroma of j4^/aospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - m ycelium; b, sclerenchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cushion ; d, union of necks of two perithecia. (After Hartig.). Fig. 113.—a, Conidia; b, asco- spore of Aglaospoi-u taleola ( X ^). (After Hartig.) superficially abjointed from the stromata; while embedded in it are groups of perithecia with necks which join to

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 206 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Clanostachys theobromse "' probably as its conidial stages, is on fruits and stems of cacao. C. bahiensis Hem. reported in South America on cacao stems is really an Anthostomella; C. gigaspora Mass." is found on sugar-cane. Gibberella Saccardo (p. 198) Stromata tuberculate, more or less effused; perithecia cespitose or occasionally scattered on or surrounding the stroma; asci clavate, 8-spored; spores fusoid, 4 to many-celled, hyaline; conidial phase a Fusarium. Of the thirteen spec Stock Photo

RMPG4GB4–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 206 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Clanostachys theobromse "' probably as its conidial stages, is on fruits and stems of cacao. C. bahiensis Hem. reported in South America on cacao stems is really an Anthostomella; C. gigaspora Mass." is found on sugar-cane. Gibberella Saccardo (p. 198) Stromata tuberculate, more or less effused; perithecia cespitose or occasionally scattered on or surrounding the stroma; asci clavate, 8-spored; spores fusoid, 4 to many-celled, hyaline; conidial phase a Fusarium. Of the thirteen spec

RMRDJ67H–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 165. Cylindrosporium Pom. (Photographs by Charles Brooks) a, spot induced by inoculation of apple; b, mycelium in agar breaks through it to expose spores and sporophores. The spores are hyaline, from one to five celled, and variously curved and con- torted. They are from 2 to 2.5 fi in diameter and from 15 to 80/a long. The chlamydospores and stromata are probably the agencies that carry the fungus over the winter. Under ordinary conditions of preparing separation cultures thi

. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. Fig. 108. Ciavueps purpurea^ TuL A sderotium wbich has given rise to seven stromata. Supper portion of a stroma in median longitudinal section; cp perithecia. C highly magnified perithedum divided through the middle with the surrounding parts; cp orifice, sk cortical tissue, ky inner tissue of the stroma. D ascus isolated; sfi ascospores issuing. After Tulasne from Sachs" Lehrbuch. A natural size. B slighdy, C and D highly magnified. Fig. 109. Ciavicepi purpurea, Stock Photo

RMPG3XJH–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. Fig. 108. Ciavueps purpurea^ TuL A sderotium wbich has given rise to seven stromata. Supper portion of a stroma in median longitudinal section; cp perithecia. C highly magnified perithedum divided through the middle with the surrounding parts; cp orifice, sk cortical tissue, ky inner tissue of the stroma. D ascus isolated; sfi ascospores issuing. After Tulasne from Sachs" Lehrbuch. A natural size. B slighdy, C and D highly magnified. Fig. 109. Ciavicepi purpurea,

RMRDC25Y–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. NECTRIA. 185 Nectria. Perithecia yellow or red in colour, and generally produced in close tufts on stromata of the same colour. The asci con- tain eight bicellular spores and few or no paraphyses. Conidia â of various kinds and shapes are also produced. Nectrina cinnabarina Fr.^ (Britain and U.S. America). The -bright-red, button-shaped conidial cushions of this fungus may. Please note that these images are extracte

RMPG4BFJ–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 130.—Sections of Maple leaves showing the upper epidermis ruptured by 1, RKytisma acerinwm; 2, Rhytisma 2mnctatum. Fig. 131.—Rhytisma symvietricum Miill. Two leaves of Salix purpurea vrith stromata. A, The upper side. B, The lower side. C, Longitudinal section through the same leaf, showing numerous apothecia on the upper side, fewer on the lower ; the shaded middle part represents leaf-tissue, the remainder is

RMRDC1PR–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 111.—Aglaospora taleola. Portion of cortex with embedded stromata. a. Corky layer; b, after removal of corky layer; c, section of stroma. ( X y.) (After Hartig.). Fio. 112.—Section of stroma of j4^/aospora. a, Boundary of stroma formed of dark brown fungus - m ycelium; b, sclerenchyma-strand of the cortex ; c, conidial cushion ; d, union of necks of two perithecia. (After Hartig.). Please note that these images

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 204 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Germ tubes from ascospores or conidia enter the cortex and develop a rich mycelimn in the sieve tubes and soft host. This advances most rapidly during the dormant period of the bast. White or yellow stromata the size of a pin- head appear and bear numerous conidia. Later come the red perithecia whose ascospores ripen in winter or spring. N. ribis (Tode) Rab. Fig. 144.—n. ipo- Cespitose, Stroma compact; perithecia sub- of perithecia. globose, smooth; ostiole papillate; asci subclavate, After H Stock Photo

RMPG4GBB–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 204 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Germ tubes from ascospores or conidia enter the cortex and develop a rich mycelimn in the sieve tubes and soft host. This advances most rapidly during the dormant period of the bast. White or yellow stromata the size of a pin- head appear and bear numerous conidia. Later come the red perithecia whose ascospores ripen in winter or spring. N. ribis (Tode) Rab. Fig. 144.—n. ipo- Cespitose, Stroma compact; perithecia sub- of perithecia. globose, smooth; ostiole papillate; asci subclavate, After H

. Hawaiian Fungi. Fungi. Stevens—Hawaiian Fungi 19 21. ACTINODOTHIDOPSIS Stevens n. gen. Stroma clypeate, subcuticular, composed of narrow bands of pseudo-parenchy- matic structure (not radiate). Perithecia solitary, globular, ostiolate, upper part merging into the clypeus, lower part thin walled. Asci 8-spored, spores 1 to 3-celled, hyaline. Stromata epiphyllus, linear and irregularly arranged, about 150/* wide, composed of irregularly radiating threads. No. 31. Actinodothidopsis coprosmae Stevens n. sp. Stromata subcuticular, clypeate, consisting of a compact, black mycelial mass between the Stock Photo

RMRPY2GF–. Hawaiian Fungi. Fungi. Stevens—Hawaiian Fungi 19 21. ACTINODOTHIDOPSIS Stevens n. gen. Stroma clypeate, subcuticular, composed of narrow bands of pseudo-parenchy- matic structure (not radiate). Perithecia solitary, globular, ostiolate, upper part merging into the clypeus, lower part thin walled. Asci 8-spored, spores 1 to 3-celled, hyaline. Stromata epiphyllus, linear and irregularly arranged, about 150/* wide, composed of irregularly radiating threads. No. 31. Actinodothidopsis coprosmae Stevens n. sp. Stromata subcuticular, clypeate, consisting of a compact, black mycelial mass between the

. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Depi, of Agriculture. Plate XVI.. ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND E. FLUENS. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA. X 20. Fig. 1.—E. parasitica. Showing Perithecia Arranged in Several Irregular Layers. Fig. 2.—E. parasitica, Showing Perithecia Arranged in a Single Layer. Fig. 3.—E. fluens, from Italy, Showing Perithecia Arranged in Several Layers.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble th Stock Photo

RMPG15NB–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Depi, of Agriculture. Plate XVI.. ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND E. FLUENS. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA. X 20. Fig. 1.—E. parasitica. Showing Perithecia Arranged in Several Irregular Layers. Fig. 2.—E. parasitica, Showing Perithecia Arranged in a Single Layer. Fig. 3.—E. fluens, from Italy, Showing Perithecia Arranged in Several Layers.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble th

. A manual of botany. Botany. Fig.^i. Portion of thehoru-shaped sclerotium of Clai)icepspm-jmrea,oxttie JSrgot Fungus, bearing four stromata. Fig. 846. Longitudinal section of a stroma, magnified, showing the perithecia. After Tulasne. numbers of gonidia [fig. 844). This form is known as the Sphacelia. Later in the year the mycelium becomes very dense and hard, and protrudes from the ear as a black elongated body which is known as a. sclerotium [fig. 843). After a period of rest extending through the winter, the sclerotimn germinates, putting. Please note that these images are extracted from s Stock Photo

RMRE0N45–. A manual of botany. Botany. Fig.^i. Portion of thehoru-shaped sclerotium of Clai)icepspm-jmrea,oxttie JSrgot Fungus, bearing four stromata. Fig. 846. Longitudinal section of a stroma, magnified, showing the perithecia. After Tulasne. numbers of gonidia [fig. 844). This form is known as the Sphacelia. Later in the year the mycelium becomes very dense and hard, and protrudes from the ear as a black elongated body which is known as a. sclerotium [fig. 843). After a period of rest extending through the winter, the sclerotimn germinates, putting. Please note that these images are extracted from s

. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BULLETIN No. 380 Contribatlon tiom the Bureau of Plant Indnatiy WM. A. XAYLOB, Chief Washington. D. C. feOFESSIONAL PAPER January 15,1917 ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND RELATED SPECIES By C. L. SHEAR, Pathologist, and NEIL E. STEVENS, Pathol- ogist, Fruit-Disease Investigations, and RUBY J. TILLER, Scientific Assistant, Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology â CONTENTS Page Taxonomy 1 Introduction 1 The Genus Endothia 3 The Spedes of Endsthia 13 Morphology and Development .... 22 Mycelium 22 Stromata â¢ . . 23 Stock Photo

RMPG15WA–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BULLETIN No. 380 Contribatlon tiom the Bureau of Plant Indnatiy WM. A. XAYLOB, Chief Washington. D. C. feOFESSIONAL PAPER January 15,1917 ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND RELATED SPECIES By C. L. SHEAR, Pathologist, and NEIL E. STEVENS, Pathol- ogist, Fruit-Disease Investigations, and RUBY J. TILLER, Scientific Assistant, Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology â CONTENTS Page Taxonomy 1 Introduction 1 The Genus Endothia 3 The Spedes of Endsthia 13 Morphology and Development .... 22 Mycelium 22 Stromata â¢ . . 23

RMRDC1H4–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 130.—Sections of Maple leaves showing the upper epidermis ruptured by 1, RKytisma acerinwm; 2, Rhytisma 2mnctatum. Fig. 131.—Rhytisma symvietricum Miill. Two leaves of Salix purpurea vrith stromata. A, The upper side. B, The lower side. C, Longitudinal section through the same leaf, showing numerous apothecia on the upper side, fewer on the lower ; the shaded middle part represents leaf-tissue, the remainder is

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fio. 155.âP. morbosa. b. magnified section of a knot showing the penthecia; c, conidiophores and conidia; d. section of a peri- thecmm showing numerous asci, one of which is shown more highly magnified at Â«,â /several of the two-celled ascospores germinating m water. After Longyear. P. morbosa (Schw.) Sacc.'^="i^"' =â¢>Â« Stromata elongate, cushion-shaped, rarely tubercular, up to 2 or. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorati Stock Photo

RMPG4G8G–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fio. 155.âP. morbosa. b. magnified section of a knot showing the penthecia; c, conidiophores and conidia; d. section of a peri- thecmm showing numerous asci, one of which is shown more highly magnified at Â«,â /several of the two-celled ascospores germinating m water. After Longyear. P. morbosa (Schw.) Sacc.'^="i^"' =â¢>Â« Stromata elongate, cushion-shaped, rarely tubercular, up to 2 or. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorati

RMRDDBKA–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 206 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Clanostachys theobromse "' probably as its conidial stages, is on fruits and stems of cacao. C. bahiensis Hem. reported in South America on cacao stems is really an Anthostomella; C. gigaspora Mass." is found on sugar-cane. Gibberella Saccardo (p. 198) Stromata tuberculate, more or less effused; perithecia cespitose or occasionally scattered on or surrounding the stroma; asci clavate, 8-spored; spores fusoid, 4 to many-celled, hyaline; conidial phase a Fusarium. Of the thirteen spec

. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 217 Spores hyaline Spores 1-celled 16. Scirrhiella. Spores 2-celled 17. Scirrhia. Spores 4 to 8-celled, fusiform. .. 18. Monographus. Spores colored, multicellular, fusi- form 19. Rhopographus. Stromata sunken, permanently united to the epidermis and substratum Spores 1-celled 20. Phyllachora, p. 220. Spores 2-celled Spores of similar cells 21. Dothidella, p. 221. Spores of dissimilar cells 22. MunMella. Stromata from the first superficial Stromata encrusted, widely spreading... 23. Hyalodothis. Stock Photo

RMPG4G99–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 217 Spores hyaline Spores 1-celled 16. Scirrhiella. Spores 2-celled 17. Scirrhia. Spores 4 to 8-celled, fusiform. .. 18. Monographus. Spores colored, multicellular, fusi- form 19. Rhopographus. Stromata sunken, permanently united to the epidermis and substratum Spores 1-celled 20. Phyllachora, p. 220. Spores 2-celled Spores of similar cells 21. Dothidella, p. 221. Spores of dissimilar cells 22. MunMella. Stromata from the first superficial Stromata encrusted, widely spreading... 23. Hyalodothis.

RMRDCRXR–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. Fig. 108. Ciavueps purpurea^ TuL A sderotium wbich has given rise to seven stromata. Supper portion of a stroma in median longitudinal section; cp perithecia. C highly magnified perithedum divided through the middle with the surrounding parts; cp orifice, sk cortical tissue, ky inner tissue of the stroma. D ascus isolated; sfi ascospores issuing. After Tulasne from Sachs" Lehrbuch. A natural size. B slighdy, C and D highly magnified. Fig. 109. Ciavicepi purpurea,

$. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Plate II.. -â â cj; *â '^ â ."'^ â jt-i^ ;â â '-.rt--J-- HERB. MUS. PARIS- 77 wi-. /z' / / // - { Ex. herb. All. Bronf;nia)t. Anno 1Â«43 ). Fig. 1.âPerithecia and Pycnidial Stromata of Endothia parasitica with Cankers ON Castanea dentata. Fig. 2.âCotype of Sphaeria gyrosa Schw. on Fagus. Spr^cimcn now in the Piiris Musenm sent to Bronffniart liy Schwoinitz, showing Tulasno's label "Mclograiiitiia fii/ntf^uia" and Schweinil/.'s antograph labol.. Please note that these images are extracted from s Stock Photo$

RMPG15W7–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Plate II.. -â â cj; *â '^ â ."'^ â jt-i^ ;â â '-.rt--J-- HERB. MUS. PARIS- 77 wi-. /z' / / // - { Ex. herb. All. Bronf;nia)t. Anno 1Â«43 ). Fig. 1.âPerithecia and Pycnidial Stromata of Endothia parasitica with Cankers ON Castanea dentata. Fig. 2.âCotype of Sphaeria gyrosa Schw. on Fagus. Spr^cimcn now in the Piiris Musenm sent to Bronffniart liy Schwoinitz, showing Tulasno's label "Mclograiiitiia fii/ntf^uia" and Schweinil/.'s antograph labol.. Please note that these images are extracted from s

RMRDDBHC–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 217 Spores hyaline Spores 1-celled 16. Scirrhiella. Spores 2-celled 17. Scirrhia. Spores 4 to 8-celled, fusiform. .. 18. Monographus. Spores colored, multicellular, fusi- form 19. Rhopographus. Stromata sunken, permanently united to the epidermis and substratum Spores 1-celled 20. Phyllachora, p. 220. Spores 2-celled Spores of similar cells 21. Dothidella, p. 221. Spores of dissimilar cells 22. MunMella. Stromata from the first superficial Stromata encrusted, widely spreading... 23. Hyalodothis.

RMRDBBTA–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE BULLETIN No. 380 Contribatlon tiom the Bureau of Plant Indnatiy WM. A. XAYLOB, Chief Washington. D. C. feOFESSIONAL PAPER January 15,1917 ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND RELATED SPECIES By C. L. SHEAR, Pathologist, and NEIL E. STEVENS, Pathol- ogist, Fruit-Disease Investigations, and RUBY J. TILLER, Scientific Assistant, Office of Investigations in Forest Pathology â CONTENTS Page Taxonomy 1 Introduction 1 The Genus Endothia 3 The Spedes of Endsthia 13 Morphology and Development .... 22 Mycelium 22 Stromata â¢ . . 23

RMRDDBM1–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 204 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Germ tubes from ascospores or conidia enter the cortex and develop a rich mycelimn in the sieve tubes and soft host. This advances most rapidly during the dormant period of the bast. White or yellow stromata the size of a pin- head appear and bear numerous conidia. Later come the red perithecia whose ascospores ripen in winter or spring. N. ribis (Tode) Rab. Fig. 144.—n. ipo- Cespitose, Stroma compact; perithecia sub- of perithecia. globose, smooth; ostiole papillate; asci subclavate, After H

RMRDDBGG–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fio. 155.âP. morbosa. b. magnified section of a knot showing the penthecia; c, conidiophores and conidia; d. section of a peri- thecmm showing numerous asci, one of which is shown more highly magnified at Â«,â /several of the two-celled ascospores germinating m water. After Longyear. P. morbosa (Schw.) Sacc.'^="i^"' =â¢>Â« Stromata elongate, cushion-shaped, rarely tubercular, up to 2 or. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - colorati

RMRDBBT2–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Plate II.. -â â cj; *â '^ â ."'^ â jt-i^ ;â â '-.rt--J-- HERB. MUS. PARIS- 77 wi-. /z' / / // - { Ex. herb. All. Bronf;nia)t. Anno 1Â«43 ). Fig. 1.âPerithecia and Pycnidial Stromata of Endothia parasitica with Cankers ON Castanea dentata. Fig. 2.âCotype of Sphaeria gyrosa Schw. on Fagus. Spr^cimcn now in the Piiris Musenm sent to Bronffniart liy Schwoinitz, showing Tulasno's label "Mclograiiitiia fii/ntf^uia" and Schweinil/.'s antograph labol.. Please note that these images are extracted from s

RMRDDAR5–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 286 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE attacking first the parenchyma cells and medullary rays. The young stromata appear under the bark bearing when young small unicellular conidia. The stromata later turn hard and black and. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stevens, Frank Lincoln, 1871-1934. New York : Macmillan

RMRDBBNE–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. Bui. 380, U. S. Depi, of Agriculture. Plate XVI.. ENDOTHIA PARASITICA AND E. FLUENS. VERTICAL SECTIONS OF STROMATA. X 20. Fig. 1.—E. parasitica. Showing Perithecia Arranged in Several Irregular Layers. Fig. 2.—E. parasitica, Showing Perithecia Arranged in a Single Layer. Fig. 3.—E. fluens, from Italy, Showing Perithecia Arranged in Several Layers.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble th

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