RF2NFMGTT–In the wild, cypress milkweed infected with the fungus Uromyces pisi-sativi
RMD03NWF–LEAF RUST FUNGUS OF WHEAT (PUCCINIA RECONDITA; PUCCINIA RUBIGO-VERA) RUST PUSTULES IN SUMMER (UREDOSPORES) STAGE / 1/3X
RMA4C0PC–Rose rust Phragmidium tuberculatum uredospore pustules on leaf underside
RFT5RAJ7–A picture showing different parts of Rust Fungus. These parts include Cassia, nictitans, parasite, Ravenelia, teleutospores, Uredinales, uredospores,
RM2AJDBC0–Elementary botany . Fig. 218.Section through leaf of barberry at point affected with the cluster-cup stage of the whealrust; spermagonia above, ascidia below. (After Marshall-Ward.) form mycelium in the tissues, and later the pustules with a second crop oiuredospores. Several successive crops of uredospores may be developed in.
RMPG029M–. Photomicrographs of botanical studies. Photomicrography. Pliofoiiiicrofirap/is of Botanical Studies. 13 5.—Penicillium glaucum.. Mycelium of fungus. Conidiophores (fruiting bodies). 6. T.S. Leaf of Thistle puccinia graminis. Carduus," attacked by uredospores of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Flatters, Milborne & McKechnie Ltd. Manchester : Flaters, Milborne & McKechnie
RMMCK6HW–. Fio. lSi».—Puccinia iorghi. Three teleutospores and two uredospores. One of the latter exhibits the tiny point-like projections of the membrane, (v. Tubeuf del.)
RMT1HW2W–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 CHKYSOMYXA. 379 occurs on Ledum palustrc. It is difficult to distinguish tioni the preceding species, and causes the formation of similar aecidia on spruces in Northern Germany and other parts where BJiodo- dendran is not indigenous. Its uredospores are also capable of hiljernating and of propagating the fungus where spruce is absent. Chr. himalayensis IJarcl. o
RFMHPJ4R–PLANTS. Parasitic Fungi on Grain Crops; Wheat rust Uredongus 1912 old print
RF2NYR0FA–In the wild, cypress milkweed infected with the fungus Uromyces pisi-sativi
RMA4C0P2–Rose rust Phragmidium tuberculatum teliospore pustules on leaf underside
RMA15YGE–Bean rust Uromyces appendiculatus uredospore white aecia pustules
RM2AWJ77C–Introduction to the study of fungi : their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . ^ified by the large andimportant genus Puccinia, with its transversely septate teleuto-spores. The grades are like those of Uromyces, viz. spermo-gonia, aecidia, uredospores, and teleutospores; but a differentelement comes into the subsidiary grouping, since it is con-tended that in some cases these grades are not all passed uponthe same host. It is perfectly true that in one typical group.. Fig. 116.—Section of aecidia and spermogonia. S.P.C.K. that of the Auto-pucciniae, all
RMJ3TPFG–Brown rust ( Puccinia triticina ) orange / brown pustules on flagleaves on wheat plant ( triticum aestivum)
RMPG4APF–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 400 THALLOPHYTES thought that the basidiospores started the disease directly on the Grass host, but experiments have shown that they will not grow on this host. Experiments have also shown that uredospores are ordinarily killed by freezing weather and therefore are rarely able to live over winter where the temperature goes much below freezing. It has been suggested that some hyphae may enter the kernels of the diseased plants and remain dormant until the seed is planted and then infect the seedling, but this theory is not generally accepted. Another
RMBGA56A–Rose rust (Phragmidium tuberculatum) teliospore pustules on leaf underside
RMMCK64D–. Fig. 1S9.—Puccinia sorghi. Three teleutospores and two uredospores. One of the latter exhibits the tiny point-like projections of the membrane, (v. Tubeuf del.)
RMT1HW2T–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 CHRYSOMYXA. 379 occurs on Ledum imludrc. It is difficult to distinguish from the preceding species, and causes the formation of similar aecidia on spruces in Northern Germany and other parts where Rhodo- dendron is not indigenous. Its uredospores are also capable of hibernating and of propagating the fungus where spruce is absent. Chr. himalayensis P.arcl. occurs on leaves of Rhododendron arhoreum in
RF2ND3DMA–In the wild, cypress milkweed infected with the fungus Uromyces pisi-sativi
RM2AWJ6H8–Introduction to the study of fungi : their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . th long, sometimes verylong, pedicels. In Fhragmosporae the teleutospores are three, or more,septate, in one direction. In most generathey are destitute of a pseudoperidium,whilst in Phragmidium^ (Fig- 119) andXenodochus the uredospores are solitary.The differences between these two generaare slight: in the former the teleutosporesare cylindrical, the cells not readily break-ing up into joints; in the latter the cellsare more numerous and moniliform, soonbreaking up into the co
RMPG029H–. Photomicrographs of botanical studies. Photomicrography. Mycelium of fungus. Conidiophores (fruiting bodies). 6. T.S. Leaf of Thistle puccinia graminis. Carduus," attacked by uredospores of. Uredospores. Mycelium of fungus. Disorganised tissue of leaf Disorganized palisade layer. f Upper cuticle of leaf.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Flatters, Milborne & McKechnie Ltd. Manchester : Flaters, Mil
RMBGA5CM–Rose rust (Phragmidium tuberculatum) uredospore pustules on leaf underside
RMMCK5BH–. Fig. 189.—Puccinia sorghi. Three teleutospores and two uredospores. One of the latter exhibits the tiny point-like projections of the membrane, (v. Tubeuf del.)
RMT1JEC3–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 344 UREDINEAE, through the epidermis. The yellow uredospores are abjointed singly frcfra long sporophores ; they are unicellular and ovoid, with a thin granular coat beset with germ-pores (Fig. 184). The uredo- spores are easily conveyed to other grass-plants and germinate at once, their germ-tubes entering by a stoma and developing into a mycelium, which can pr
RF2NH3YBD–In the wild, cypress milkweed infected with the fungus Uromyces pisi-sativi
RM2AWJ6X2–Introduction to the study of fungi : their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . ores oi Fuccinia graminis (Fig 118) may be usedto inoculate the leaves of the berberry, and produce thereonAeciclium herheridis. This is the theory and its application,which we will here leave as itstands. In another group, theBrachy - 2^ucciniae, spermogonia,uredospores, and teleutospores arefound on the same species of plant,but the aecidia are unknown. Tothis succeeds the Hemi-pticcinia,in which uredospores and teleuto-spores occm- on the same plant,but the spermogonia and a
RMPG4420–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. lOI Others perform no such function and are therefore only simple pores or pits. The position of the pores on the membrane is different in different species. The spores, for instance, of Sordaria fimiseda, de Not. have at their apex a germ-pore which is closed only by the outermost lamella of the membrane (Fig. 52). The germ-pores of the uredospores which I have examined, those of Puccinia for example and Uromyces, are sharply defined rou
RMMA732X–. Elementary botany . Fig. 158. ^.section through sorus of black rust of wheat, showing teleutospores. />, mycelium bearing both teleutospores and uredospores. < Alter de Bary.) one season, so this is the form in which the fungus is greatly multiplied and widely distributed.
RMRWPRG2–Elements of biology; a practical Elements of biology; a practical text-book correlating botany, zoology, and human physiology elementsofbiolog00hunt Year: [c1907] Uredospores and a teleuto- spore (/) of wheat rust.— De Bary, spots are caused by collections of spores of the rust. The mycelium of the plant is within the blade of the leaf, where it takes its food supply from the living cells of the green leaf. The mycelium sends up stalks through the stomata of the leaf ; it is these that hold the sporangia, filled with myriads of yellow-brown spores. The spores produced in the summer time are t
RF2NHBJXX–In the wild, cypress milkweed infected with the fungus Uromyces pisi-sativi
RM2AN2XTT–Fungi, Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales . its wall is variously roughened in most speciesby minute projections on the surface. Two or more germ-pores are usuallypresent and the uredospore, like the cells which give rise to it, is invariablybinucleate ; it produces a binucleate mycelium on which teleutospores orfurther crops of uredospores are formed. Certain species(Puccinia vexans,etc),occurring under very dry conditions, lit I LRKDINALKS 205 produce a second type of uredospore with thick walls which arc adapted tosurvive unfavourable conditions; these are known as amphispores. Both a
RMPG4B13–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. CHRYSOMYXA. 379 occurs on Ledum palustre. It is difficult to distinguish from the preceding species, and causes the formation of similar aecidia on spruces in Northern Germany and other parts where Bhodo- devdron is not indigenous. Its uredospores are also capable of hibernating and of propagating the fungus where spruce is absent. Chr. himalayensis Barcl. occurs on leaves of Rhododendron arboreum in the Himalaya..
RMMA7351–. Elementary botany . Fig. 157. Section through leaf of barberry at point affected with the cluster-cup stage of the wheat rust; spermagonia above, aecidia below. (After Marshall-Ward.) form mycelium in the tissues, and later the pustules with a second crop of uredospores. Several successive crops of uredospores may be developed in
RMRWPRG1–Elements of biology; a practical Elements of biology; a practical text-book correlating botany, zoology, and human physiology elementsofbiolog00hunt Year: [c1907] Uredospores and a teleuto- spore (/) of wheat rust.— De Bary, spots are caused by collections of spores of the rust. The mycelium of the plant is within the blade of the leaf, where it takes its food supply from the living cells of the green leaf. The mycelium sends up stalks through the stomata of the leaf ; it is these that hold the sporangia, filled with myriads of yellow-brown spores. The spores produced in the summer time are t
RM2AJ52D1–Fungous diseases of plants . 6 X 14-20/L1. Paraphyses are abundant. Tranzschel deter-mined that uredospores kept over winter at St. Petersburg werecapable of germination the following spring. The teleutospores generally appear in small groups among theuredospores and later supplant these entirely. The pustules aregenerally pulverulent and chestnut-brown. The teleutospores arefrom very light to reddish brown upon the different hosts. Ingeneral form they are elliptical, deeply constricted, and the twocells are more or less equal, often subspherical. They separatereadily. These spores are provide
RMPG0E21–. A manual of veterinary hygiene. Veterinary hygiene. 164 VETEKINAEY HYGIENE and spots. The colour is due to the spores of the fungus, which can be shaken off the leaf and are found to be of a rusty appearance. These spores, known as uredosjyores, are produced by the growth of a mycelium in the substance of the leaf, and should they get detached from the plant by air currents or otherwise, and fall on members of the grass tribe, these become infected with rust. As the summer advances, the mycelium on the leaf which has been producing the orange-red uredospores, now. Fig. 27-—Rust and Mildew (F
RMMCK6JE–. Fig. ISl.—Uromucts Teppirianas on twigs of AlbUzia moiUana brought by Prof. Stahl from Java. (v. Tubeuf phot.) Puccinia. Teleutospores two-celled, and each abjointed from its own sporophore from large distinct sori. Each cell has as a rule only one germ-pore. Uredospores, teleutospores, and pycnidia (spermogonia) are not known in all the species. (1) Pycnidia, aecidia, uredospores, and teleutospores develop on the
RMT1HP89–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] Fig. 89—Pucchiiagraminis. i, wheat leaves with uredo pustules ; 2, a uredo sorus ; 3, uredospores in different stages of development; 4, uredospore germinating ; 5, culm of wheat with teleutospore sori; 6, teleutospores in different stages of development ; 7, teleuto- spore that has germinated and produced a germ-tube bearing three sporidiola or secondary spores ; 8, barberry leaf with clusters of aecidia ; 9, section of an aecidium with chains of aecidiospores ; 10, two aecidia
RM2AXHE1Y–Nature and development of plants . me mycelium forms in the leavesof the wheat quite a different type of spore. They are formed inthe same manner as the uredospores but are provided with thickdark walls and from one to several spores are developed at theend of the hyphae (Fig. 160, D). Consequently, when the epider-mis is ruptured, these spores form rusty black blotches on theleaves. This third stage is known as the telial, since it ends theseasons growth. These spores, called teleutospores, are restingspores and tide the fungus over the winter. They germinatein the spring quite independent of
RMPG4ANR–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. SUMMARY OF BAKIDIOMYCETES 403 Asparagus Rust. — Asparagus is often attacked by a Rust (Puccinia Asparagi) which is a type of those having but one host. The uredospores, teleutospores, and aecidiospores all occur on the Asparagus. Some other forms of Rusts of some importance occur on Clover, Alfalfa, Beans, Peas, Beets, Timothy, Corn, Peach trees, etc. Summary of Basidiomycetes. — Like the Ascomycetes the Basidiomycetes are parasites or saprophytes on land plants and have no motile spores. The Basidiomycetes are supposed to sporidia. aecidiospores Fi
RMMCK654–. Fkj. ISl. —i^•o/(ii/Ct•s TcirpirimiiiK on twi^s of Albizzia moniana brought by Prof. Stahl from Java. (v. Tubeuf phot.) Puccinia. Teleutospores two-celled, and eacli abjointed from its own sporophore from large distinct sori. Each cell has as a rule only one germ-pore. Uredospores, teleutospores, and pycnidia (spermogonia) are not known in all the species. (1) Pycnidia, aecidia, arcdoHpures,and teleutospores develop on the
RMT1JEYG–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 Fig. 189.—Puccinia sorghi. Three teleutospores and two uredospores. One of the latter exhibits the tiny point-like projections of the membrane, (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 188.—Puccinia. sorphi. Section of leaf of Zea Mais filled with mycelium. The epidermis is ruptured by a spore-sorus. At one end there are still the remains of a uredospore-sorns and a few uredosp
RM2AJDB26–Elementary botany . black rust of wheat, showing teleutospores. B, nvyceliumbearing both teleutospores and uredospores. (After de Bary.) one season, so this is the form in which the fungus is greatly multiplied andwidely distributed. 192 MORPHOLOGY. 407a. Teleutcspores the last stage of the fungus in the season.—The teleu- tospores are developed late in the season, or late in the development of the host plant (in this case thewheat is the host). Theythen rest during the winter.In the spring under favor-able conditions each cell ofthe teleutospore germi-nates, producing a shortmycelium called a
RMPG4B3H–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 364 UREDINEAK. direction; their sori form dark spots which break out from beneath the epidermis. The yellow uredospores have a coat beset with fine spines, and are given off from sori which may or may not be enclosed in a peridium. The sori of the aeeidium-stage have no peridium, and are known under the generic name of Caeoma; they frequently occur on other hosts than those of the teleutospores. Pycnidia are produce
RMMCKC9P–. Fig. 96.—Cronartium ribicohint. i, uredo and teleuto- spore stages on leaf of black currant; 2, uredospores, (Z, and teleutospores, b, cemented together in a column ; 3, uredospore ; 4, teleutospores, two of which are germi- nating ; 5, aecidia on bark of Weymouth pine; 6, aecidiospores. Figs, i and 5 nat. size, remainder highly mag. aggregated into a column which springs from the sorus of uredospores. Weymouth pine rust {Cronartium ribicolum, Deitr. = Peridermium sirobi, Kleb.).—The aecidium stage of this
RMT1H2GX–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] UROMYCES 293 Haricot bean rust.—Haricot beans or 'scarlet-runners' are often attacked by Uromyces appendiculatus (Link.) causing the leaves to fall early, when the development of pods is checked. Aecidia, uredo, and teleutospore stages all follow in succession, forming numerous minute brown pustules on the leaves. Aecidiospores angularly globose, whitish, slightly punctulate, 17-32 X 14-20/x. Uredospores pale brown, aculeolate, 24-33X 16-20 /. Teleutospores elliptical or subglob
RM2AJ50NT–Fungous diseases of plants . Fig. 211. Cronartium Ribicola a, sori on currant leaf; b, sorus and teleutosporic column; c and d,uredospores and teleutospores 1 During June, 1909, the aecidial stage of this fungus was found in a nurseryof three-year-old white pine seedlings imported from Germany. Many seedlingsof this importation have been distributed to several northeastern states and toCanada. A determined effort is being made to inspect all plantings, to destroythe diseased stock, and also to prevent further importation of the infected whitepine seedlings. Inspection of such seedlings at the
RMPG4DTC–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. DETAILED ACCOUNT OF SPECIFIC PLANT DISEASES 561 extent by chilly nights with alternating warm days. Cluster cups that originate from spores produced on the wheat plant, develop aecio- spores, which will infect only wheat plants. If it should happen that these aeciospores are blown to rye, oats, barley and rye, no infection takes place, so that the same specialization of spores form is noticeable here as with the uredospores. In America, the barberry shrubs are extremely rare and to acco
RMMCK6G9–. Fig. 206.—Aecidium in a needle of Silver Fir (much enlarged), b, Series of aecidiospores and intermediate cells. '•, Germinating aecidiospores. (After R. Hartig.) This aecidium is also fouud on Abies cephalonica in Upper Bavaria. Barclayella deformans Diet.^ This has been found in the Himalaya region on needles and young twigs of Picea Morinda (Smithiana). Teleuto- spore-sori are developed, accompanied by distortion of the host. Aecidia and uredospores are unknown. ^Barclay, "Oil a Uredo of the Himalaya Spritce-Jir." Hedwigia, 1891. Calcutta, 1886; and
RMT1JFF4–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 364 UREUINEAK. direction ; their sori form dark spots which break out from beneath the epidermis. The yeHow uredospores have a coat beset with fine spines, and are given off from sori which may or may not be enclosed in a peridium. The sori of the aecidium-stage have no peridium, and are known under the generic name of Caeoma; they frequently occur on other hosts than tliose of the teleutospores. Pyc
RM2AJDC06–Elementary botany . oresare sometimes found in the same pustule. It was once supposed that these two kinds of gonidia belongedto different p]ants, but now it is known that the one-celledform, the uredospores, is a form developedearlier in the season than the teleutospores.404. Cluster-cup form on the barberry.—On the barberry is found still anotherform of the wheat rust, the cluster cupstage. The pustules on the under side ofthe barberry leaf are cup-shaped, the cupsbeing partly sunk in the tissue of the leaf,while the rim is more or less curved back-ward againstthe leaf, andsplit at severalpl
RMPG00XR–. Lessons in botany. Botany. 132 BOTANY. The walls are thinner and not so dark in color, and they are covered with minute spines. They have also short stalks, but •e^gj^ these fall away very easily. These one- MSwIiSl^ celled spores of the red-rust form are called '' uredospores.'' The uredospores and teleutospores are sometimes found in the same pustule. It was once supposed that these two kinds of spores belonged to different plants, but now it is known that the one-celled form, the uredospores, is a form developed earlier in the season than the teleu- tospores. 223. Cluster- cup form on the
RMMCKCAA–. Fig. 94.—Xenodochtiscarbonarius. i, teleutospore pustules on Burnet saxifrage, nat. size; 2, a single teleutospore, highly mag, ; 3, a chain of uredospores, highly mag. Teleutospores cylindrical or worm-like, often curved, composed of 10-20 globose cells, much constricted at the septa, smooth or minutely warted towards the apex, dark brown; individual cells 15-20 /x diam.; stalk short, hyaline. GYMNOSPORANGIUM (Hedw.) Teleutospores forming large subgelatinous masses, oozing out from the bark of the matrix (always Junipers in this
RMT1HW1D–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 Fio. 209.—Ckiysomyxa rhododendri. Twig of Rhododendron hirxatu.ni with sori of uredo- Fir.. 210.—Chrysomyxo, rhododendri on Rho- spores oil the lower epidermis, causing dis- dodtndron firrugincum. Uredospore-sori in coloured spots on tlie Tipiier. (v. Tubouf September as elongated white stripes on the del.) stem below the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del.) The uredospores are yellow and ovoid, with granular pr
RM2AJ50DD–Fungous diseases of plants . Fig. 212. Peridermium on Piine. (After Hartic PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES 437 tongue-shaped bodies .5-./ mm. high, opening by an irregular rup-ture of the peridium. The spores are, according to Arthur, coarsely verrucose with deciduous tuber-cles, except along one narrowline, where tubercles fail. The uredospores are producedin orange-yellow sori, which soonfade to nearly white. They aregenerally ellipsoidal, measuring27-30 X 17-22/x. The teleuto-spores are borne in crowdedwaxy masses, and are at maturitya chain of four basidial cells withina somewhat gelatinized commonwal
RMPG3NMN–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES 413 germ pores equatorially disposed and opposite. Upon many hosts the uredospores are produced throughout a very long season. They may appear upon grain or blue grass in the early spring before the aecidiospore may be developed in the same region. In many cases it is evident that the rust may be propagated from year to year by continuous generations of the uredospores. Again, it has been experimentally shown that uredospores may retain the power of. Fig. 203. P
RMMA735T–. Elementary botany . Fig. 152. Uredospores of wheat rust, one showing remnants of the pedicel. in water on a slide, and examine with a microscope, we will see numerous gonidia, composed of two cells, and having thick, brownish walls as shown in fig. 151. Usually there is a slender brownish stalk on one end. These gonidia are called teleuto- spores. They are somewhat oblong or elliptical, a little con- stricted where the septum separates the two cells, and the end cell varies from ovate to rounded. The mycelium of the fungus
RMT1HW1F–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamuc parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic fungi, slime-fungi, bacteria, and algae. English ed. by William G. Smith diseasesofplants00tubeuoft Year: 1897 Fig. 209.—Clu-ymmyoM rhndndendri. Twig of Rhododendron hirsv.tinn with sort of uredo- spores on the lower epidermis, causing dis- coloured spots on the upper, (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 210.—Chrysomyxo, rhododendri on Rho- dodfiidron ferrugineum. Uredospore-sori in September as elongated white stripes on the stem below the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del.) The uredospores
RM2AJDB9K–Elementary botany . Fig. 219.A,.section through sorus of black rust of wheat, showing teleutospores. B, nvyceliumbearing both teleutospores and uredospores. (After de Bary.) one season, so this is the form in which the fungus is greatly multiplied andwidely distributed. 192 MORPHOLOGY. 407a. Teleutcspores the last stage of the fungus in the season.—The teleu- tospores are developed late in the season, or late in the development of the host plant (in this case thewheat is the host). Theythen rest during the winter.In the spring under favor-able conditions each cell ofthe teleutospore germi-nate
RMPG41EN–. Foundations of botany. Botany; Botany. 262 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY prepared cross-sections through the sorus are available, especially il the material is fresh. Examine the spores and note the sha,pe, color, and surface. If the spores are shrunken, a drop of potash solution will restore the natural plumpi),ess. Draw. Spore-measurements are important in determining species. The uredospores of Puccinia graminis may be distinguished from those of other species common ^ on grasses by the greater proportionate length. The structure of the black spores (teleutospores) can be made out with- out diffi
RMMCK59T–. Fig. 210.—Chrysomyxo, rhododendri on Rho- dodfiidron ferrugineum. Uredospore-sori in September as elongated white stripes on the stem below the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del.) The uredospores are yellow and ovoid, with granular protuber- ances on their coats; they are developed in series from the sori.^ The disease may be further propagated during the same year Ijy the uredospores. In districts where spruce does not occur, it is probable that these spores hibernate, and in the following spring produce germ-tubes which infect other alpine-rose leaves. It frequently happens that whole forests of spru
RMT1JEYW–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 Fig. 1S9.—Puccinia sorghi. Three teleutospores and two uredospores. One of the latter exhibits the tiny point-like projections of the membrane, (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. ISS.—Puccinia sorghi. Section of leaf of Zea Mais filled with mycelium. The epidermis is ruptured by a spore-sorus. At one end there are still the remains of a urcdospore-sorus and a few uredospores. (v. Tubeuf. del.) P. paliformis Fu
RM2AJDC3P–Elementary botany . Fig. 212. Teleutospores of wheat rust, showing two cells and the pedicel.. Fig. 211.Head of wheat showing black rust spotson the chaff and awns. Fig. 213.Uredospores of wheat rust, oneshowing remnants of the pedicel. in water on a slide, and examine with a microscope, we seenumerous gonidia, composed of two cells, and having thick,brownish walls as shown in fig. 212. Usually there is a slenderbrownish stalk on one end. These gonidia are called teleuto-spores. They are somewhat oblong or elliptical, a little con-stricted where the septum separates the two cells, and the endc
RMPG3NNA–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 408 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS is one of the most common, yet it may not be considered of any special economic importance. The aecidiospores are almost twice as long as broad, 40 X 17-26 p. The uredospores are subspherical, and the teleutospores are conspicuous by their long, hyaline, and relatively thick pedicels, papillate apex, red-brown color, and verru- cose outer wall.. Fig. 200. jEcidial Stage of the Grain Rust on Barberry XIII. BLACK RUST OF GRAIN Puccinia graminis Pers. Bo
RMMCK63D–. Fici. 206.—Aecidium in a needle of Silver Fir (much enUirged). b. Series of aecidiospores and intermediate celLs. c Germinating aecidiospores. (After R. Hartig.) Tliis aecidium is also found on Ahys cvphalonicfi in U])per Bavaria. Barclayella deformans Diet.' This lias been found in the Himalaya reyidii on needles and young twigs of Picea Morinda {Smithiftna). Teleuto- .•^poie-soii are develuped, accompanied by distortion of the host. Aecidia and uredospores are unknown. ' Barclay, " Ow a Urexlo of (he Himalaya Sjiruce-fr Hedwifjia, 1891. Calcutta, 18S6; and
RMT1JEC2–Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplants00tube Year: 1897 34-t UKEDINKAE. tlirougli the e})iderniis. The yellow uredospores are abjointed singly from long sporophores ; they are unicellular and ovoid, with a thin granular coat beset with germ-pores (Fig. 184). The uredo- spores are easily conveyed to other grass-plants and germinate at once, their germ-tubes entering by a stoma and developing into a mycelium, which can produce a new crop of uredospores in a
RM2AJ5060–Fungous diseases of plants . h a Fig. 213. CoLEospoRiu:i Senecionis {b after Tulasne) attaining a maximum thickness of 30-40/x. XXVIII. RUST OF POPLAR Melampsom tre/iii/he Tul. Tulasne applied the above name to a rust of the poplar {Popuhist re HI N la) occurring throughout a considerable range in Europe.It would seemthat this namewould now in-clude at leastthree forms, orspecies, as dis-tinguished byKlebahn, viz.,Melampsora PinitorquaRostr,, MelampsoraLariei-trem nice Kleb.,and Melampsora Mag-misiana Wagn, These. Fig. 214. Melampsora tremul^ : Uredospores AND TeLEUTOSPORES 438 FUNGOUS DISEAS
RMPG3NJY–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. 211. Cronartium Ribicola a, sori on currant leaf; b, sorus and teleutosporic column; c and d: uredospores and teleutospores 1 During June, 1909, the aecidial stage of this fungus was found in a nursery of three-year-old white pine seedlings imported from Germany. Many seedlings of this importation have been distributed to several northeastern states and to Canada. A determined effort is being made to inspect all plantings, to destroy the diseased stock, and also to prevent fur
RMMCKCC6–. Fig. S6. —Uromyces betae. i, portion of a mangold leaf dis- eased ; 2, portion of leaf with a cluster of aecidia; 3, section of portion of leaf with two uredospore pustules ; 4, aecidiospores ; 5, uredospores ; 6, teleutospores. Fig. i reduced, remainder mag. Uromyces betae as are our European plants. This I consider as one of the proofs that the fungus is by some means carried along with the plants to new countries. Now as beet or mangold is only introduced to new countries by means of seed, it follows that fungus spores must necessarily have been conveyed along with the seed. The disease h
RMT1HPW9–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 3l6 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS country); i-septate, rarely 2-septate, each cell having two or four germ-pores. Spermogoniaand aecidia on a different host to teleutospores. Uredospores unknown. F'lG. 95.—Gymttoiporangium clavariacforme. I, teleutospore stage on juniper branch; 2, teleutospores; 3, teleutospores ger- minating and producing secondary spores, (7, a ; 4, aecidium stage on pear leaf ; 5, aecidium stage on branch, leaves, and fruit of hawthorn ; 6, aecidiospore g
RM2CDDAHM–. The rusts of Australia, their structure, nature, and classification . v Uredospores of P. juncophila from sorus containing both uredo and teleutosporeson ]uncus maritimus. 36. Teleutospores of the same. Pj.ati: I. OV s, zi f> C fc O ? .-• • o - -r -urn j (HI G. II. Robinson, Phot.
RMPG4B5H–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 344 UREDINEAE. through the epidermis. The yellow uredospores are abjointed singly from long sporophores; they are unicellular and ovoid, with a thin granular coat beset with germ-pores (Fig. 184). The uredo- spores are easily conveyed to other grass-plants and germinate at once, their germ-tubes entering by a stoma and developing into a mycelium, which can produce a new crop of uredospores in a. Fig. 184.—Puccinia p
RMMCK5BM–. Fig. S6. — l'iicrii>ia suaccokns on Cirsiuni arvense. The plants are abnormally elongated ; the leaves have remained smaller and simpler, and are thickly beset on the lower side with patches of chocolate-brown uredospores. (v. Tubeuf phot.) P. eriophori Tliiini. Uredo- and teleutospores on Eriophonnn latifolium in Siberia and Denmark ; Eostrup gives as the aecidial form Aec. cinerariae Hostr. P. obscura Scluoet. Uredo- and teleutospores on Luzida; aecidia on Bellis perennis (Plowriglit). (Britain and U.S. America.) P. septentrionalis Juel. Uredo- and teleutospores on Folygornnn vivi- par
RMT1HPP1–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] 314 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS the pustules are pale orange, and irregularly scattered. Later in the season small black clusters of teleutospores appear on the under surface of the leaves. Aecidiospores orange, aculeolate, 20-28 yu, diam., paraphyses clavate, orange. Uredospores orange, aculeate, 16-22 fi. Teleutospores oblong, apiculate, warted, 5-10 septate, black and opaque, 90-140 X 20-35 /x, pedicel thickened below. -r- Fig. g-i.—Phramidium riibi-idafi. i, pustules an
RM2CDC2XT–. Introduction to the study of fungi, their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . sne. ^nd couvcrscly the promycehal spores of Puccinia graminis (Fig 118) may be usedto inoculate the leaves of the berberry, and produce thereonAecidium herheridis. This is the theory and its application,which we will here leave as itstands. In another group, theBraclnj - pueciniae, spermogonia,uredospores, and teleutospores arefound on the same species of plant,but the aecidia are unknown. Tothis succeeds the Hcmi-fuecinia,in which uredospores and teleuto-spores occur on the
RMPFXCND–. Timber and some of its diseases. Timber; Trees. Xil] PINE-BLISTER. 267 and found his results correct Hartig, for instance, to whose indefatigable and ingenious researches w e owe most that is known of the disease caused by the Pertdermium^ has confirmed Wolff's results ; and in. Fig 41 —A spore of Pcridermumi Pini germinating It puts forth the Iong» hranthecl eermmal h^phae on the damp surface of a leaf oi Sk.necw^ and one of the branches enters a stoma, and forms a mycelium m the leaf. after some time, the mycelium gives rise to the uredospores and teleutospores of Coleosp07imn Seneuoms (Af
RMMCKCB6–. Fig. 89—Pucchiiagraminis. i, wheat leaves with uredo pustules ; 2, a uredo sorus ; 3, uredospores in different stages of development; 4, uredospore germinating ; 5, culm of wheat with teleutospore sori; 6, teleutospores in different stages of development ; 7, teleuto- spore that has germinated and produced a germ-tube bearing three sporidiola or secondary spores ; 8, barberry leaf with clusters of aecidia ; 9, section of an aecidium with chains of aecidiospores ; 10, two aecidia ; 11, spermatia from a spermogonium. Figs, i, 2, and 8 reduced, remainder variously mag.
RMT1HR2D–Diseases of cultivated plants and Diseases of cultivated plants and trees diseasesofcultiv00massuoft Year: [1910?] CRONARTIUM 319 CRONARTIUM (Fries.) Aecidia produced on conifer leaves (so far as known), peridia elongated, aecidiospores in chains. Uredospores pro- duced in a pseudoperidium, brown. Teleutospores i-celled, Fig. 96.—Cronartium ribicohint. i, uredo and teleuto- spore stages on leaf of black currant; 2, uredospores, (Z, and teleutospores, b, cemented together in a column ; 3, uredospore ; 4, teleutospores, two of which are germi- nating ; 5, aecidia on bark of Weymouth pine; 6
RM2CDC07E–. Introduction to the study of fungi, their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . , with long, sometimes verylong, pedicels. In Phragmosporae the teleutospores are three, or more,septate, in one direction. In most generathey are destitute of a pseudoperidium,whilst in Phragmidium^ (Fig. 119) andXenodochus the uredospores are solitary.The differences between these two generaare slight: in the former the teleutosporesare cylindrical, the cells not readily break-ing up into joints; in the latter the cellsare more numerous and moniliform, soonbreaking up into t
RMPG4ED7–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 388 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS dies, and shrivels. The rust is conveyed from plant to plant throughout the summer by spores of this stage. The teleutospores may appear in the same sori with the uredospores or in separate sori, and in either event come. Fig. 166. — Clover leaf showing sori of mat. Original. later in the season. They are recognized by their darker brown color. The cluster-cup stage, which is less abun- dant and less injurious than the other stages, may often pass unnoticed. It appears first as pale swollen regions upon the leaf or
RMMCK5AT–. Fig. 194.—Pkrarjiuidhmi subcorliduni on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the under- surface of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 103.—Triphragmitim ulmariae on Spiraea Ubnaria. Germinating teleuto- spore, with proniycelia and sporidia. (After Tulasue.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped paraphyses. The genus frequents only Rosaceae. On species of Hosa: ^ Phragmidium subcorticium (Schrank.). Teleutospores, uredospores, and aecidia on leaves of wild and cultivated roses. (Britain and U.S. A
RM2CDC6PJ–. Introduction to the study of fungi, their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . ctly known species. The two genera inwhich the uredospores are included in a pseudoperidium areMelampsora and Melampsorella, very closely related—the soriof the teleutospores being crust-like, blackish, and determinatein the former; flattened, indeterminate, and pallid in the RUST FUNGI—UREDINEAE 245 latter. In the one remaining genus of the section, that ofCronartium, the teleutospores surround a vertical columella,but in external appearance the species resemble Ureclinesas l
RMPG3NJG–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES 437 tongue-shaped bodies .5-.7 mm. high, opening by an irregular rup- ture of the peridium. The spores are, according to Arthur, coarsely verrucose with deciduous tuber- cles, except along one narrow line, where tubercles fail. The uredospores are produced in orange-yellow sori, which soon fade to nearly white. They are generally ellipsoidal, measuring 27-30 x 17-22/*. The teleuto- spores are borne in crowded waxy masses, and are at maturity a chain of four basi
RMMCK642–. Fig. 194.—Phrdf/riiidhim sitbcortichim on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the under- surface of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fl(j. 103.— TriphragnuuM ulmnriae on Spiraea Uhiutna. Germinating teleuto- spore, with proniycclia and sporidia. (After Tulasne.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped paraphyses. The genus frequents only Eosaceae. On species of Bosa:'^ Phragmidium subcorticium (Schr'ank.). Teleutospores, uredospores, and aecidia on leaves of wild and cultivated roses. (Britain and U.
RM2CDCAKT–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fig. 214. Melampsora trea/c/^.-e : Uredospores AND TeLEUTOSPORES 438 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS three forms, together with one discussed by Klebahn as Melamp-sora Rostriipii Wagn., all agree in having more or less sphericaluredospores, and in no case are there marked morphological dif-ferences in the uredospores or teleutospores within this group. Thecaeoma stages have, however, been determined, for these forms, tooccur respectively upon Pinus, Larix, Chelidonium and Corydalis,and Mercurialis. For our pu
RMPG00XX–. Lessons in botany. Botany. Fig. 107. Head of wheat showing black .rust spots on the chaff and awns.. Fig. 108. Teleutospores of wheat rust, Showing two cells and the pedicel. Fig. iog. Uredospores of wheat rust, one showing remnants of the pedicel. to rounded. The mycelium of the fungus courses between the cells, just as is found in the case of the carnation rust, which belongs to the same family (see Chapter XV). 222. Uredospores of the red-rust form.—If we make a similar preparation from the pustules of the red-rust form we shall see that instead of two-celled spores they are one-celled..
RMMCK6JC–. Fio. 186.—Puccinia suavcolens on Cirsium arvense. The plants are abnormally elongated ; the leaves have remained smaller and simpler, and are thickly beset on the lower side with patches of chocolate-brown uredospores. (v. Tubeuf phot.) P. eriophori Thiim. Uredo- and teleutospores on Eriophorum latifolium in Siberia and Denmark ; Rostrup gives as the aeeidial form Aec. ciuerariae Rostr. P. obscura Schroet. Uredo- and teleuto.spores on Luzula; aecidia on Dellis perennis (Plowriglit). (Britain and U.S. America.) P. septentrionalis Juel. Uredo- and teleuto.spores on Polygonum vivi- parum; aecid
RM2CDCAYE–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . measure20-36 X 14-20/x. Paraphyses are abundant. Tranzschel deter-mined that uredospores kept over winter at St. Petersburg werecapable of germination the following spring. The teleutospores generally appear in small groups among theuredospores and later supplant these entirely. The pustules aregenerally pulverulent and chestnut-brown. The teleutospores arefrom very light to reddish brown upon the different hosts. Ingeneral form they are elliptical, deeply constricted, and the twocells are more or less e
RMPG3NJA–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. Fig. XXVIII. RUST OF POPLAR Melampsora tremula? Tul. Tulasne applied the above name to a rust of the poplar (Popidus tremula) occurring throughout a considerable range in Europe. It would seem that this name would now in- clude at least three forms, or species, as dis- tinguished by Klebahn, viz., Melampsora Pinitorqua Rostr., Melampsora Larici-tremula Kleb., and Melampsora Mag- nusiana Wagn. These. Fig. 214. Melampsora tremula*. : Uredospores and teleutospores. Please note that th
RMMCK6H9–. Fig. 194.—Phrut/midium subcorticium on a Rose leaf. The black spots are teleutospore-patches on the uuder- sm-face of the leaf. (v. Tubeuf del.) Fig. 103.—Triphragnuv.m v.lmarine on S/>iiv«rt Ulmaria. Germinating teleuto- spore, with promycelia and sporidia. (After Tulasne.) teleutospores are produced in loose patches. The aecidial patches have no covering, but are surrounded by club-shaped paraphyses. The genus frequents only Eosaceae. On species of Rosa: ^ Phragmidium subcorticium (Schrank.). Teleutospores, uredospores, and aecidia mi leaves of wild and cultivated roses. (Bi'itaiu and U
RM2CEGGH4–. The Gardeners' Chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. eterce:ioas Uredinese belong to thegeiius Puccinia, and in this group it is a noteworthyfact that the uredospores and teleutospores in allthe species described are only to be found on mono-cotyledons—generally grasses, sedges, or rnshes. A somewhat remarkable exception, however, hasfallen under my notice. The species referred to isPuccinia Bistortse, Ser. = Puccinia Bistortaa, DC,which is classed in Plowrights Monograph of theBritish Urcdinem and Uitilaginem under Hemi-pucciaia, a group that is suppo
RMPG4B14–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 209.—Chrysomyxa rhodcdendrl. Twig of Rhododendron hirsvXum with sori of nredo- Fig. 210.—Chrysotnyxa rhododendri on Rho- spores on the lower epidermis, causing dis- ttodendron fein-ugincv.m. Uredospore-sori in coloured spots on the upper, (v. Tubeuf September as elongated white stripes on the del.) stem below the leaves, (v. Tubeuf deL) The uredospores are yellow and ovoid, with granular protuber- ances on thei
RMMCKCB5–. Fig. 90.—Piicciniapruni. i, portion of diseased plum leaf; 2, teleutospore ; 3, paraphysis ; 4, lower cell and portion of pedicel of a teleutospore, from which the upper cell has broken away ; 5, uredospore. Fig. i reduced, remainder highly mag. nature of the various kinds of reproductive bodies produced by this species has existed until recently, when the matter has been thoroughly worked out and put right by Professor M'Alpine. Uredospores varying from almost globose to piriform, smooth, apex conspicuously thickened, 18-36 X 14-18^1; para- physes numerous. Teleutospores formed of two almos
RM2CDD9E0–. The rusts of Australia, their structure, nature, and classification . mewhat swollen by lengthened treatment with caustic potash.) 197. Uredospores of the same, showing the net-ike surface markings. ... X ;oo iqS. Compound stem, with basidia and uredospores of the same. 199. Compound structure from uredosorus l same, being probably commencement of teleutospore formation ... ... ... ... ... x 500 200. Uredospores of U. notabile on Acacia dealbata. 201. 202. Uredospores of the same, showing the net-like surface markings... X 500 203. Portion of spermogonium of the same, with basidia bearing sp
RMPG3D06–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. 2S4 PLANT STUDIES nected together, so tluit a myceliuiu beariug uredospores is called a Uredu, one bearing telentosjiores a I'lirriiiia, and one bearing secidia'dn ^Ecidin 11/ ; but what forms of Vrcilo, ritfi-iiiid, and ^Ecidiuin belong together in the same life cycle is very difficult to discover. Another life cycle which has been discovered is in con- nection with the " ci'dar apples" which appear on red cedar (Fig. 354). In the spi'ing these diseased growths Ijc- conie conspicuous, especially after a rain, wlien the jelly- like masse
RMMCKCAK–. -^r^^- Fig. g-i.—Phra^midium riibi-idafi. i, pustules and teleuto- spores on under surface of raspberry leaf; 2, tcleutospore; .. 1 :.i:—. - chains of warted spores ; 3, section through an accidiuni b, paraphyses ; 4, uredospores. highly mag. Fig. I nat. size, remainder Spraying with potassium sulphide arrests the spread of the disease, li Bordeaux mixture is used it must be diluted, or the foliage will be scorched. Diseased leaves that have fallen should be swept up and burned. XENODOCHUS (Schlecht.) Teleutospores pedicellate, many-celled, cylindrical, brown, forming large blackish spore-cl
RM2CDD9K9–. The rusts of Australia, their structure, nature, and classification . OPHYLLACEAE, AND ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. 278 Explanation of Plates. PLATE XIX. {All Figures X 250 unless otherwise stated.) UROMYCES.Fig. 158. Teleutospores, seen from above, of Uromyces fusisporus on Acacia ncnifclia. 159. Side view of same. 160. Uredospores of same, with pronounced apiculus and equatorial band of germ pores. UROMYCLADIUM. 161. Teleutospores of Uromycladium simplex on Acacia pyenantha, part of the pedicel being still attached with the remains of the vesicle. (Stained). 162. Young teleutospores of the same showing
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